Checking Memory Usage in Python

psutil is imported, then through psutil.virtual_memory() memory data is obtained.

The function convert_bytes converts bytes to gigabytes.

Then the code calculates:

- total RAM
- available RAM
- used RAM
- percentage usage

And outputs this to the console.

import psutil

memory = psutil.virtual_memory()

def convert_bytes(size):
    # Convert bytes to GB
    gb = size / (1024 ** 3)
    return gb

total_gb = convert_bytes(memory.total)
available_gb = convert_bytes(memory.available)
used_gb = convert_bytes(memory.used)

print(f"Total RAM: {total_gb:.3f} GB")
print(f"Available RAM: {available_gb:.3f} GB")
print(f"Used RAM: {used_gb:.3f} GB")
print(f"RAM Usage: {memory.percent}%")

Or simply press CTRL + ALT + DELETE and open Task Manager. It has worked since the days of Windows 95.

The RAM usage percentage loses its meaning if you have Chrome open — it will consume everything on its own 😄

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What can be a key in a dictionary?

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What is Big O notation?

Answer: Big O notation is a way of describing how quickly the running time or memory consumption of an algorithm increases as the size of the input data increases. It shows the asymptotic complexity: the upper bound of the algorithm's behavior, without taking into account constants and minor details.

For example, O(n) grows linearly, O(n²) - quadratically, O(1) - does not depend on the size of the input.

Big O does not give exact figures, but allows you to compare algorithms in terms of their scalability.

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What is __slots__?

Answer: By default, class instances store their attributes in the internal dictiondictct__. This is flexible, but it requires more memory and makes access to fields a bit slower, because the search is done in the dictionarslotsts__ allows you to fix a set of allowed attributes and abandon the usedictct__. Instead of a dictionary, Python allocates compact slots — thereby reducing the memory consumption for each object and speeding up access to attributes. This is especially important when millions of class instances are created in a program or the performance of data access is critical.

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What is a message broker and which ones are typically used with Python?

Answer: A message broker is an intermediary component that accepts messages from one service and delivers them to another, allowing microservices and asynchronous tasks to interact without direct connection. It ensures reliable delivery, queues, routing, and scalability.

In Python projects, RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka, and Redis are often used as simple broker solutions (for example, in combination with Celery). The choice depends on the tasks: Kafka for stream processing, RabbitMQ for flexible routing, and Redis for simple queues.

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