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MALEMA ON HOW THE WEST BLOCKS SOUTH AFRICA INDUSTRIALISATION
Every year, tens of thousands of Africans undertake dangerous journeys to migrate from the continent to other lands, hoping to find 'greener pastures.'
Many die during these journeys, and those who make it to their destinations soon realise that the other side is nothing as they imagined. Aside from the alienation of being one of a few in a new land, many Africans are subjected to r*cism and harassment by right-wing elements who claim newcomers are taking their jobs.
However, many don't acknowledge that the West exploiting the continent for centuries has created the conditions that lead people to leave Africa.
In this 2024 clip with the South African Broadcasting Corporation (@sabcnews on X), South African politician Julius Malema (@Julius_S_Malema on X) used his country as an example, explaining how the West coerces African countries into exporting raw materials to the Global North instead of manufacturing finished products on the continent.
Every year, tens of thousands of Africans undertake dangerous journeys to migrate from the continent to other lands, hoping to find 'greener pastures.'
Many die during these journeys, and those who make it to their destinations soon realise that the other side is nothing as they imagined. Aside from the alienation of being one of a few in a new land, many Africans are subjected to r*cism and harassment by right-wing elements who claim newcomers are taking their jobs.
However, many don't acknowledge that the West exploiting the continent for centuries has created the conditions that lead people to leave Africa.
In this 2024 clip with the South African Broadcasting Corporation (@sabcnews on X), South African politician Julius Malema (@Julius_S_Malema on X) used his country as an example, explaining how the West coerces African countries into exporting raw materials to the Global North instead of manufacturing finished products on the continent.
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Continued…….. The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) (@EFFSouthAfrica on X) president argued that if South Africa and other African states were processing their natural resources instead of exporting them in raw form, they would be able to create more jobs for the continent's youth.
Video credit: @sabcnews (X)ens
Sources
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/13/young-africans-want-to-move-abroad-survey-suggests
https://ecdpm.org/work/youth-a-shared-priority-for-europe-and-africa
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/african-migrants-in-europe-trade-one-hardship-for-another-feature
https://www.unhcr.org/us/news/news-releases/unhcr-sounds-alarm-mediterranean-sea-deaths-pass-1-500-mark
https://worldmigrationreport.iom.int/what-we-do/world-migration-report-2024-chapter-3
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231600/number-of-emigrants-from-africa/#:~:text=In%202020%2C%20nearly%2041%20million%20people%20emigrated,originated%20especially%20from%20Eastern%20and%20Northern%20Africa.
Video credit: @sabcnews (X)ens
Sources
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/13/young-africans-want-to-move-abroad-survey-suggests
https://ecdpm.org/work/youth-a-shared-priority-for-europe-and-africa
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/african-migrants-in-europe-trade-one-hardship-for-another-feature
https://www.unhcr.org/us/news/news-releases/unhcr-sounds-alarm-mediterranean-sea-deaths-pass-1-500-mark
https://worldmigrationreport.iom.int/what-we-do/world-migration-report-2024-chapter-3
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231600/number-of-emigrants-from-africa/#:~:text=In%202020%2C%20nearly%2041%20million%20people%20emigrated,originated%20especially%20from%20Eastern%20and%20Northern%20Africa.
the Guardian
Growing numbers of young Africans want to move abroad, survey suggests
Covid, climate, stability and violence contributing to young people feeling pessimistic about future, survey of 15 countries suggests
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13 JUNE 1980: WALTER RODNEY MURDERED IN CAR BOMBING
Revolutionary Guyanese writer and activist Walter Rodney (1942-1980) was assassinated on this day (13 June) 45 years ago in a car bombing in Georgetown.
A multi-disciplinary scholar, his intellectual journey began at university in Jamaica, where he rejected the path of a technocrat and instead focused his curiosity on Africa during its period of independence.
Revolutionary Guyanese writer and activist Walter Rodney (1942-1980) was assassinated on this day (13 June) 45 years ago in a car bombing in Georgetown.
A multi-disciplinary scholar, his intellectual journey began at university in Jamaica, where he rejected the path of a technocrat and instead focused his curiosity on Africa during its period of independence.
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Continued……He went on to earn his PhD from London’s School of Oriental and African Studies aged 24 with his research challenging established narratives on Europe’s role in the slave trade.
Rodney's determination to make a difference took him to Tanzania‘s Dar Es Salaam University, where, in the late ‘60s, he taught and left his mark on a generation of historians living under the leadership of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere. Returning to Jamaica, he embraced the struggles of the marginalised and connected with students and the working poor through his teachings and community engagement. His ability to bridge the gap between intellectuals and the masses was met with government surveillance and eventual expulsion from Jamaica. This sparked widespread riots and cemented his radical legacy.
Throughout his life, Rodney remained dedicated to the cause of social justice, forming alliances with intellectuals, including Rastafarian leaders and Black-power activists. Notably, his impact extended to figures such as Ralph Gonsalves, who now serves as the prime minister of St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
After his expulsion from Jamaica, Rodney returned to Tanzania, where he played a key role in the Dar Es Salaam school of intellectual inquiry. There, he completed his chief work: How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. This continues to provoke passionate debates among historians and pan-Africanists today. The acclaimed book exposed the detrimental effects of European colonialism on Africa's development.
30,000 people showed up to send him off at his funeral, illustrating how dearly he was held by the people. We remember the guerrilla intellectual as a key figure who left a lasting legacy on academia and the struggle for social justice.
Sources
https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/coi
https://baystatebanner.com/2021/08/12/the-killing-of-walter-rodney/
https://roape.net/2022/07/05/walter-rodney-a-revolutionary-for-our-time/
https://portside.org/2021-11-12/walter-rodney-murder-mystery-guyana-40-years-later
https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/june-13th-2023
https://smallaxe.net/sxsalon/reviews/remembering-rodney
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/human-rights/2020-06-13/the-walter-rodney-murder-mystery-in-guyana-40-years-later
https://www.change.org/p/guyana-government-justice-for-walter-rodney
Rodney's determination to make a difference took him to Tanzania‘s Dar Es Salaam University, where, in the late ‘60s, he taught and left his mark on a generation of historians living under the leadership of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere. Returning to Jamaica, he embraced the struggles of the marginalised and connected with students and the working poor through his teachings and community engagement. His ability to bridge the gap between intellectuals and the masses was met with government surveillance and eventual expulsion from Jamaica. This sparked widespread riots and cemented his radical legacy.
Throughout his life, Rodney remained dedicated to the cause of social justice, forming alliances with intellectuals, including Rastafarian leaders and Black-power activists. Notably, his impact extended to figures such as Ralph Gonsalves, who now serves as the prime minister of St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
After his expulsion from Jamaica, Rodney returned to Tanzania, where he played a key role in the Dar Es Salaam school of intellectual inquiry. There, he completed his chief work: How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. This continues to provoke passionate debates among historians and pan-Africanists today. The acclaimed book exposed the detrimental effects of European colonialism on Africa's development.
30,000 people showed up to send him off at his funeral, illustrating how dearly he was held by the people. We remember the guerrilla intellectual as a key figure who left a lasting legacy on academia and the struggle for social justice.
Sources
https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/coi
https://baystatebanner.com/2021/08/12/the-killing-of-walter-rodney/
https://roape.net/2022/07/05/walter-rodney-a-revolutionary-for-our-time/
https://portside.org/2021-11-12/walter-rodney-murder-mystery-guyana-40-years-later
https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/june-13th-2023
https://smallaxe.net/sxsalon/reviews/remembering-rodney
https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/human-rights/2020-06-13/the-walter-rodney-murder-mystery-in-guyana-40-years-later
https://www.change.org/p/guyana-government-justice-for-walter-rodney
The Walter Rodney Foundation
International Commission of Inquiry — The Walter Rodney Foundation
On June 13, 2013, the Government of the Republic of Guyana, following a direct request from the Rodney Family, announced that it has approved the establishment of an International Commission of Inquiry into the assassination of Dr. Walter Rodney.
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KENYAN STAR BIEN TALKS POLITICS
Art is especially powerful when it is used to hold up a mirror to society. Kenyan artist Bien (@bienaimesol on IG) shared his views on the current state of his home country with US radio show @breakfastclubam (X/IG) on New York’s Power 105.1 FM. In this segment, he highlights the marriage of convenience between Kenyan president William Ruto and former opposition leader Raila Odinga in the face of a movement against bad governance. An example of this unofficial coalition was the state's response to protests against the IMF-backed Finance Bill 2024, which saw arrests, abductions and killings without any immediate political repercussions for Ruto.
Have a watch and please share your thoughts.
Art is especially powerful when it is used to hold up a mirror to society. Kenyan artist Bien (@bienaimesol on IG) shared his views on the current state of his home country with US radio show @breakfastclubam (X/IG) on New York’s Power 105.1 FM. In this segment, he highlights the marriage of convenience between Kenyan president William Ruto and former opposition leader Raila Odinga in the face of a movement against bad governance. An example of this unofficial coalition was the state's response to protests against the IMF-backed Finance Bill 2024, which saw arrests, abductions and killings without any immediate political repercussions for Ruto.
Have a watch and please share your thoughts.
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Continued……
Sources
https://nation.africa/kenya/news/politics/inside-ruto-raila-handshake-deal-that-has-split-azimio-4685278
https://www.dw.com/en/why-abductions-in-kenya-pose-a-threat-to-national-security/a-71191494
https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/what-s-next-after-kenya-withdraws-finance-bill-amid-protests-4671446
Sources
https://nation.africa/kenya/news/politics/inside-ruto-raila-handshake-deal-that-has-split-azimio-4685278
https://www.dw.com/en/why-abductions-in-kenya-pose-a-threat-to-national-security/a-71191494
https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/news/east-africa/what-s-next-after-kenya-withdraws-finance-bill-amid-protests-4671446
Daily Nation
Inside Ruto, Raila ‘handshake’ deal that has split Azimio
The Nation has learnt that President Ruto is toying with the idea of a ‘government of national unity’.
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Media is too big
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GERMANY RETURNS BLACK PEOPLE’S SKULLS TO NEW ORLEANS
Nearly 150 years after the skulls of 19 Black people had been transported to Germany for pseudoscientific experiments, the University of Leipzig returned the remains to the US city of New Orleans for a proper memorial on 30 May at Dillard University.
The return of these remains reminds us of the widespread use of pseudoscience in the 19th century to justify racial hierarchies that continue to buttress capitalism to this day.
Video credit: @dillarduniversity (IG)
Sources
https://abcnews.go.com/US/remains-19-black-americans-returned-new-orleans-150/story?id=122343834
https://apnews.com/article/namibia-germany-genocide-commemoration-indigenous-herero-nama-abe931fbab90756a8717f1e235871e47
https://www.nature.com/scitable/forums/genetics-generation/america-s-hidden-history-the-eugenics-movement-123919444/
https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/gsc/view/journals/gscj/2/2/article-p168.xml
Nearly 150 years after the skulls of 19 Black people had been transported to Germany for pseudoscientific experiments, the University of Leipzig returned the remains to the US city of New Orleans for a proper memorial on 30 May at Dillard University.
The return of these remains reminds us of the widespread use of pseudoscience in the 19th century to justify racial hierarchies that continue to buttress capitalism to this day.
Video credit: @dillarduniversity (IG)
Sources
https://abcnews.go.com/US/remains-19-black-americans-returned-new-orleans-150/story?id=122343834
https://apnews.com/article/namibia-germany-genocide-commemoration-indigenous-herero-nama-abe931fbab90756a8717f1e235871e47
https://www.nature.com/scitable/forums/genetics-generation/america-s-hidden-history-the-eugenics-movement-123919444/
https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/gsc/view/journals/gscj/2/2/article-p168.xml
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SNOW AND FLOODS LEAVE TRAIL OF DESTRUCTION IN SOUTH AFRICA
South Africa is grappling with the aftermath of deadly floods and snowfall that have left at least 78 people dead and thousands displaced. The weather disaster has also cut power and washed away bridges and roads, especially in the country's Eastern Cape province, the epicentre of the disaster.
Many residential areas remain submerged in water, forcing residents to spend nights in makeshift shelters that offer very little protection from the cold weather.
The damage to critical infrastructure has hampered search-and-rescue efforts by emergency-response services.
South Africa is grappling with the aftermath of deadly floods and snowfall that have left at least 78 people dead and thousands displaced. The weather disaster has also cut power and washed away bridges and roads, especially in the country's Eastern Cape province, the epicentre of the disaster.
Many residential areas remain submerged in water, forcing residents to spend nights in makeshift shelters that offer very little protection from the cold weather.
The damage to critical infrastructure has hampered search-and-rescue efforts by emergency-response services.
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Continued…….. On 12 June, health experts warned that the flooding could also lead to waterborne diseases, such as typhoid and cholera if the government fails to address the situation in a timely manner.
While snow is common in parts of South Africa during this time of the year, it has rarely resulted in widespread damage and loss of life.
Sources
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgqwg9gej7o
https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20250612-death-toll-in-s-africa-floods-rises-to-78
https://x.com/Newzroom405/status/1933400809246515260
While snow is common in parts of South Africa during this time of the year, it has rarely resulted in widespread damage and loss of life.
Sources
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckgqwg9gej7o
https://www.rfi.fr/en/international-news/20250612-death-toll-in-s-africa-floods-rises-to-78
https://x.com/Newzroom405/status/1933400809246515260
Bbc
Nearly 50 people killed in South Africa floods
At least 49 people have been killed in the floods, including several children who were on a bus.
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KENYANS DEMAND JUSTICE FOR TEACHER KILLED IN POLICE CUSTODY
Kenya’s capital was rocked by a large protest on Thursday (12 June) - with hundreds demanding justice for a teacher who recently died in police custody. Albert Ojwang’s autopsy revealed that his death had been caused by head trauma and neck compression. These are indicative of torture, contradicting initial police claims that Ojwang’s injuries were self-inflicted. Protesters gathered in Nairobi’s Central Business District, blocking roads. The police responded with tear gas and water cannon. It all has echoes of the beginnings of 2024’s rallies against IMF-backed tax hikes.
Ojwang was arrested 6 June in Homa Bay, Western Kenya, for allegedly mocking a local deputy police chief online. He was then transferred to Nairobi's central police station, where he died on 8 June. Protests began the following day and have swelled since.
Kenya’s capital was rocked by a large protest on Thursday (12 June) - with hundreds demanding justice for a teacher who recently died in police custody. Albert Ojwang’s autopsy revealed that his death had been caused by head trauma and neck compression. These are indicative of torture, contradicting initial police claims that Ojwang’s injuries were self-inflicted. Protesters gathered in Nairobi’s Central Business District, blocking roads. The police responded with tear gas and water cannon. It all has echoes of the beginnings of 2024’s rallies against IMF-backed tax hikes.
Ojwang was arrested 6 June in Homa Bay, Western Kenya, for allegedly mocking a local deputy police chief online. He was then transferred to Nairobi's central police station, where he died on 8 June. Protests began the following day and have swelled since.
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Continued….. Kenya's police are infamous for acting with brutality and impunity - much like their colonial-era predecessors, whose job was to protect the British overlords, not native Kenyans. Now as then, they wield surveillance, abductions and executions with impunity. A 2014 study by the Independent Medico-Legal Unit found Kenyans are five times more likely to be shot dead by police than by criminals. According to the Police Reform Working Group, there were 1,264 cases of executions and 237 enforced disappearances. Meanwhile, despite over 10,000 investigations launched by the Independent Police Oversight Authority since 2011, only 33 convictions have been successful.
Swipe through for some pictures of Thursday’s action against police brutality and for justice for Albert Ojwang. Do you think we could be in for another 2024?
Sources
https://edition.cnn.com/2025/06/12/africa/albert-ojwang-death-kenya-protests-intl
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cwy3eqpqqnzo
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/06/12/kenya-blogger-protests-alfred-ojwang/
https://deflem.blogspot.com/1994/08/law-enforcement-in-british-colonial.html
https://www.academia.edu/4406247/History_of_the_Police_in_Kenya_1885_1960
https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/african-history/exposing-the-shadows-of-british-colonial-rule-in-kenya-a-legacy-of-atrocities/
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/kenya/10941227/Kenyans-five-times-more-likely-to-be-shot-dead-by-police-than-by-criminals.html
https://theconversation.com/kenya-police-killings-point-to-systemic-rot-and-a-failed-justice-system-193468
Swipe through for some pictures of Thursday’s action against police brutality and for justice for Albert Ojwang. Do you think we could be in for another 2024?
Sources
https://edition.cnn.com/2025/06/12/africa/albert-ojwang-death-kenya-protests-intl
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cwy3eqpqqnzo
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/06/12/kenya-blogger-protests-alfred-ojwang/
https://deflem.blogspot.com/1994/08/law-enforcement-in-british-colonial.html
https://www.academia.edu/4406247/History_of_the_Police_in_Kenya_1885_1960
https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/african-history/exposing-the-shadows-of-british-colonial-rule-in-kenya-a-legacy-of-atrocities/
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/kenya/10941227/Kenyans-five-times-more-likely-to-be-shot-dead-by-police-than-by-criminals.html
https://theconversation.com/kenya-police-killings-point-to-systemic-rot-and-a-failed-justice-system-193468
CNN
Kenya hit by protests sparked by teacher’s death in police cell
Outrage over the death of a Kenyan teacher and activist in police custody sparked protests in the capital Nairobi this week after doctors refuted a police claim that he had died in his cell from a self-inflicted head injury.
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COLOMBIAN MERCS IN SUDAN
PROXY WAR
Amid news that more Colombian ID cards were recently found by the Sudanese army, we take a deep dive into the allegations - which first surfaced last year - that hundreds of mercenaries from the South American country are fighting in the proxy war in Africa. The picture that emerges is of a complex - and deceptive - recruitment scheme allegedly involving a retired Colombian general in cahoots with the United Arab Emirates, which supports the Rapid Support Forces paramilitary in Sudan. Ex-Colombian soldiers are apparently tricked into signing contacts to work as security guards in the UAE, but end up in the k*lling field of Sudan fighting for the RSF. In November 2024, 22 Colombian fighters were reportedly k*lled by a Sudanese army drone strike near El-Fasher, the capital of North Darfur.
PROXY WAR
Amid news that more Colombian ID cards were recently found by the Sudanese army, we take a deep dive into the allegations - which first surfaced last year - that hundreds of mercenaries from the South American country are fighting in the proxy war in Africa. The picture that emerges is of a complex - and deceptive - recruitment scheme allegedly involving a retired Colombian general in cahoots with the United Arab Emirates, which supports the Rapid Support Forces paramilitary in Sudan. Ex-Colombian soldiers are apparently tricked into signing contacts to work as security guards in the UAE, but end up in the k*lling field of Sudan fighting for the RSF. In November 2024, 22 Colombian fighters were reportedly k*lled by a Sudanese army drone strike near El-Fasher, the capital of North Darfur.
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Continued…….. Despite the deaths, it’s suspected that recruitment continues - with plans to deploy some 1,500 mercenaries in a contract worth $7.7 million a year. The UAE has a history of hiring Latin American mercenaries, including during the war in Yemen. But their involvement in Sudan exposes how foreign governments are outsourcing warfare to private actors, deepening one of the world’s most catastrophic humanitarian crises.
Sources
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA818598174&sid=sitemap&v=2.1&it=r&p=IFME&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E9f012134&aty=open-web-entry
https://x.com/SudaneseEcho/status/1896719887055442283
https://www.theafricareport.com/380870/desert-wolves-how-colombian-mercenaries-operate-in-sudan/
https://apanews.net/colombian-mercenaries-fighting-in-sudan-civil-war-report/
https://apanews.net/colombian-mercenaries-fighting-in-sudan-civil-war-report/
https://adf-magazine.com/2025/02/colombian-mercenaries-in-sudan-show-internationalization-of-conflict/
https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2024/12/13/colombian-mercenaries-in-transit-to-sudan-via-libya-what-do-we-know/
https://www.wsj.com/world/africa/sudan-colombian-mercenaries-global-security-services-9ff2a201
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/me-quiero-devolver-hay-mas-de-300-exmilitares-colombianos-en-la-guerra-de-sudan/
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/me-quiero-devolver-hay-mas-de-300-exmilitares-colombianos-en-la-guerra-de-sudan/
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/el-engano-del-coronel-quijano-asi-envian-a-exmilitares-colombianos-a-sudan/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/10/15/sudan-war-weapons-uae-iran/
Sources
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA818598174&sid=sitemap&v=2.1&it=r&p=IFME&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E9f012134&aty=open-web-entry
https://x.com/SudaneseEcho/status/1896719887055442283
https://www.theafricareport.com/380870/desert-wolves-how-colombian-mercenaries-operate-in-sudan/
https://apanews.net/colombian-mercenaries-fighting-in-sudan-civil-war-report/
https://apanews.net/colombian-mercenaries-fighting-in-sudan-civil-war-report/
https://adf-magazine.com/2025/02/colombian-mercenaries-in-sudan-show-internationalization-of-conflict/
https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2024/12/13/colombian-mercenaries-in-transit-to-sudan-via-libya-what-do-we-know/
https://www.wsj.com/world/africa/sudan-colombian-mercenaries-global-security-services-9ff2a201
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/me-quiero-devolver-hay-mas-de-300-exmilitares-colombianos-en-la-guerra-de-sudan/
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/me-quiero-devolver-hay-mas-de-300-exmilitares-colombianos-en-la-guerra-de-sudan/
https://www.lasillavacia.com/silla-nacional/el-engano-del-coronel-quijano-asi-envian-a-exmilitares-colombianos-a-sudan/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/10/15/sudan-war-weapons-uae-iran/
The Africa Report.com
Sudan: How Colombian mercenaries were duped into fighting in a brutal civil war - The Africa Report.com
Retired Colombian soldiers have been brought to Sudan to bolster the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), with promises of a good salary and tricked into thinking they would be providing security to oil drilling sites.
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ALLIES AT ODDS: LIBYA-EGYPT-UAE TRIANGLE IN SUDAN'S PROXY WAR
On 10 June, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) accused Libyan forces loyal to Commander Khalifa Haftar of colluding with the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) by launching cross-border attacks against SAF border posts amidst Sudan's two-year foreign-backed proxy war.
Haftar, a former CIA asset since he relocated to the US in 1990, has controlled a large part of Libya since 2017-18, amidst the chaos that ensued following the 2011 US-led NATO invasion of Libya.
It is not the first time Sudan has lodged accusations against Haftar. In June 2024, Sudan's representative to the UN Security Council, Al-Harith Idris, accused Haftar of providing logistical support to the RSF. Then, in October, reports surfaced that the SAF had seized weapons originating in the Libyan coastal city of Benghazi.
On 10 June, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) accused Libyan forces loyal to Commander Khalifa Haftar of colluding with the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) by launching cross-border attacks against SAF border posts amidst Sudan's two-year foreign-backed proxy war.
Haftar, a former CIA asset since he relocated to the US in 1990, has controlled a large part of Libya since 2017-18, amidst the chaos that ensued following the 2011 US-led NATO invasion of Libya.
It is not the first time Sudan has lodged accusations against Haftar. In June 2024, Sudan's representative to the UN Security Council, Al-Harith Idris, accused Haftar of providing logistical support to the RSF. Then, in October, reports surfaced that the SAF had seized weapons originating in the Libyan coastal city of Benghazi.
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