The aḥādīth of remembrance and supplication when seeing the new moon of Ramaḍān: There is nothing authentic concerning it

❌ 8. That the when Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم would see the new moon, he would say:
“O Allāh, Bring it over us with blessing, faith, security and Islām. My Lord and your Lord is Allāh (Allāhumma ahlilhu `alaynā bil-yumni wal-īmān was-salāmati wal-Islām: Rabbī wa Rabbuka Allāh).


❌ 9. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم used to say, when Rajab began: “O Allāh, bless for us Rajab and Shaˋbān and bless for us Ramaḍān.” And he used to say: “Friday night is honourable and its day is luminous.”


❌ 10. ‘If the middle of Shaˋbān comes, then do not fast.'

(See: https://archive.org/details/AnAbridgmentOfTheMostFamousAndImportantWeakAhadithRelatedToFasting)

Sufficing with the testimony of one person in seeing the new moon: There is nothing authentic concerning it

❌ 11. “The people looked for the new moon, so I informed the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ that I had sighted it. So, he fasted and commanded the people to fast.”


❌ 12. “A Bedouin man came to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh, I have seen the new moon tonight.’ He said: ‘Do you bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allāh and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allāh?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘O Bilal, announce to the people that they should fast tomorrow.’”


"And what is correct is that it is not accepted except by the sighting of two just people. And this is what is confirmed from the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم."

(See: https://archive.org/details/AnAbridgmentOfTheMostFamousAndImportantWeakAhadithRelatedToFasting)

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Opinion of Shaykh al-Muhaddith Sulayman al 'Alwān

Shaykh al 'Alwān, however is of the opinion that it is enough if one just man sees the new moon, and what is looked at is his truthfulness and justness. This is based on the hadith of Ibn 'Umar which was narrated by Abū Dawūd. When he witnessed the moon, he reported the news to Prophet ﷺ and Prophet ﷺ commanded others to fast. Shaykh 'Alwān considers the chain of this narration to be strong. He also mentions that there are a group of scholars who say that two witnesses are needed instead of one, and that they take as dalīl the hadith of 'Abur-Rahmān ibn Zayd ibn Khattāb which says: "So if two witnesses witness, fast and break the fast." In its chain is al-Hajjāj ibn Artā who is weak (Daīf), and every other chain of this Hadīth without the mention of al-Hajjāj is wrong and weak. Indeed there is no doubt that two witnesses are needed to end every month and to begin the rest. The only exception for this is Ramaḍān for which only one witness is enough. For the rest of the months, however, without a doubt two witnesses are needed.

See: 50 benefits from the Fiqh of Fasting by Shaykh Al-Muhaddith Sulaymān al-'Alwān (compiled by Dr. 'Abdullah ibn Khamūdul Farīh)

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Our Note:

We have mentioned the opinion of two scholars of Hadīth regarding the strength of narration in Abū Dawūd and their respective opinions on whether one or two witnesses suffice for the sighting of the moon for Ramadān.

Shaykh Abū Alī does not consider it to be Sahīh (rather he says it is Munkar) and that two witnesses are needed, while Shaykh al 'Alwān says the chain is strong and Ramadān moon sighting is the exception to the rule that two witnesses are needed (one is enough for Ramadān). This is absolutely fine for scholars to have some differences of opinion [we stated both to clarify]

Ahamdulillahi (Added by KnowYourRabb)