A major disadvantage of the traditional File Processing Approach is the:

In the three-schema architecture, the schema that describes the entire database structure for the community of users is the:

The property of separating the data denoscription from the application programs is known as:

Logical Data Independence refers to the ability to change the conceptual schema without altering the:

Which of the following is an essential advantage of the Database Approach over the File System Approach?

Which DBMS role is typically responsible for authorizing access and granting privileges to users?

Which of the following is NOT a main characteristic of the Database Approach?

Which phase of the database system lifecycle involves defining data types, structures, and constraints?

The general levels of the three-schema architecture are:

The primary goal of multi-user transaction processing systems is to ensure:

Which schema in the three-schema architecture uses a Physical Data Model to describe storage details?

The term that describes the size or unit of a named data item (Record, Disk block, Attribute value) is:

Which database user interacts with the DBMS through a Query Language (like SQL) rather than pre-written programs?

A group of concurrent SQL statements executed as a single logical unit of work is called a:

Interleaved processing is used for:

The concept that helps the DBMS enforce data quality rules is:

Which recent application type involves storing and querying large collections of images, video, and audio?

An attribute that can be divided into smaller, meaningful components (e.g., Address) is called a:

The relationship type in which the same entity type participates in different roles is called a:

Which notation is used to represent an Entity Type in an E-R diagram?