Direct addressing requires two memory references to fetch the operand.

In indirect addressing, the address field contains the effective address directly

Displacement addressing requires at least two address fields.

Relative addressing adds the program counter to the address field.

Relative addressing is mainly used for array implementation

In base-register addressing, the address field contains a displacement.

Stack pointer is stored in main memory.

Addressing mode calculation determines the effective address.

Mode field bits are part of the instruction format

Instruction format defines the layout of bits of an instruction

Variable-length instructions reduce processor complexity.

Variable-length instructions provide efficient and compact variations.

Stack is a reserved block of memory locations

Index addressing is mainly used for recursive procedures

Index addressing is efficient for iterative operations.

Which operation adds an element to stack?

Stack follows which principle?

Time complexity of Push operation is:

In postfix expression, operator comes:

Postfix form of (A + B) is: