The tests
The experiments were carried out at sea, off the coast of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, aboard a floating pontoon, supported by the ship Ben Lomond. The test animals were placed in cages on the deck of the pontoon and biological agents dispersed either from a bomb suspended from a boom or by being sprayed. After being exposed, the animals were taken aboard the Ben Lomond and those that died were dissected to determine the cause of death. 3,492 guinea pigs and 83 monkeys were used in the tests.
The tests were initially judged to be a success, both in terms of the effectiveness of the biological agents and the test platform. However, a year later, this decision was reversed, with the tests on plague bacteria being described as a "failure" and the statement that "brucellosis has not increased its reputation as a dangerous agent."
The experiments were carried out at sea, off the coast of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, aboard a floating pontoon, supported by the ship Ben Lomond. The test animals were placed in cages on the deck of the pontoon and biological agents dispersed either from a bomb suspended from a boom or by being sprayed. After being exposed, the animals were taken aboard the Ben Lomond and those that died were dissected to determine the cause of death. 3,492 guinea pigs and 83 monkeys were used in the tests.
The tests were initially judged to be a success, both in terms of the effectiveness of the biological agents and the test platform. However, a year later, this decision was reversed, with the tests on plague bacteria being described as a "failure" and the statement that "brucellosis has not increased its reputation as a dangerous agent."
Carella incident
In the final test of the series, the Fleetwood-based trawler Carella, with a crew of eighteen, ignored warnings to steer clear and unwittingly sailed through a cloud of plague bacteria (Yersinia pestis) on its way to a fishing trip to the waters around Iceland, causing concern about a possible plague outbreak around its home port in north-west England. The Carella was not stopped for disinfection or medical examination but was kept under covert observation by a destroyer and a fisheries vessel for twenty-one days, and the ship's radio communications were monitored for any kind of medical distress call. The surveillance period included a period of shore-leave at Blackpool, during which the crew mixed with the people of the town as usual. None of the crew became ill.
The incident was dealt with at the highest levels of government, going through the First Sea Lord to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Rab Butler, who was deputising for the absent Winston Churchill. The event was successfully covered up at the time and, after the danger had passed, most of the documents relevant to the case were ordered to be burnt. Even the crew of the Carella were unaware of the incident until approached by a BBC documentary crew more than fifty years later.
Civil servant Clive Ponting, who had been acquitted by a jury in a "perverse verdict" after leaking secret documents about the sinking of the ARA General Belgrano in the Falklands War, in 1985 came across the one file that had not been destroyed, and confidentially told The Observer newspaper about it, leading to a story that July headlined British germ bomb sprayed trawler.
In the final test of the series, the Fleetwood-based trawler Carella, with a crew of eighteen, ignored warnings to steer clear and unwittingly sailed through a cloud of plague bacteria (Yersinia pestis) on its way to a fishing trip to the waters around Iceland, causing concern about a possible plague outbreak around its home port in north-west England. The Carella was not stopped for disinfection or medical examination but was kept under covert observation by a destroyer and a fisheries vessel for twenty-one days, and the ship's radio communications were monitored for any kind of medical distress call. The surveillance period included a period of shore-leave at Blackpool, during which the crew mixed with the people of the town as usual. None of the crew became ill.
The incident was dealt with at the highest levels of government, going through the First Sea Lord to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Rab Butler, who was deputising for the absent Winston Churchill. The event was successfully covered up at the time and, after the danger had passed, most of the documents relevant to the case were ordered to be burnt. Even the crew of the Carella were unaware of the incident until approached by a BBC documentary crew more than fifty years later.
Civil servant Clive Ponting, who had been acquitted by a jury in a "perverse verdict" after leaking secret documents about the sinking of the ARA General Belgrano in the Falklands War, in 1985 came across the one file that had not been destroyed, and confidentially told The Observer newspaper about it, leading to a story that July headlined British germ bomb sprayed trawler.
Forwarded from Vault of Secrets - Unpopular History (M Himself)
Bio Weapons - "Top Secrets Revealed" Documentary on British Bio weapon experiments in their own country.
Episode 1
The first episode covers the years 1950-1963, and contains details of formerly classified public area BW experiments. Large bacterial aerosols escaped from the BM Repository and entered the adjacent Royal Enfield underground factory. This factory was occupied at the time by over 200 workers.
Episode 2:
The Icing Tanker Aircraft - This was a classic piece of dual-use technology. On the surface this especially converted aircraft was just a research vehicle, constructed to facilitate investigations into aircraft icing. But it had another, highly classified role - as the UK's BW spray aircraft. Experiments using this aircraft were conducted in populated areas on numerous occasions during 1967. As before, two types of live bacteria were released - E.coli MRE162, and Bacillus subtilis.
Episode 1
The first episode covers the years 1950-1963, and contains details of formerly classified public area BW experiments. Large bacterial aerosols escaped from the BM Repository and entered the adjacent Royal Enfield underground factory. This factory was occupied at the time by over 200 workers.
Episode 2:
The Icing Tanker Aircraft - This was a classic piece of dual-use technology. On the surface this especially converted aircraft was just a research vehicle, constructed to facilitate investigations into aircraft icing. But it had another, highly classified role - as the UK's BW spray aircraft. Experiments using this aircraft were conducted in populated areas on numerous occasions during 1967. As before, two types of live bacteria were released - E.coli MRE162, and Bacillus subtilis.
Forwarded from Wakingup1984
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Life and death in the system
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Franz Stassen (12 February 1869, Hanau – 18 April 1949, Berlin) was a German painter and illustrator.
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