The difference between "up to you" & "down to you"

✅ Up to you
👉 Means the freedom to make your own decisions.

Example:
a) Which restaurant do you want to go to?
b) It's up to you.


✅ Down to you
👉 Means that success or failure of a situation is your responsibility.

Example: It's down to you to convince the client.
Which means convincing the client depends on you.


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Advanced Vocabs✅❤️

1_Elicit✅

Dif = To draw out the truth.👍


Ex = A lawyer will elicit all the facts necessary to prove her case.✅

2_Embody _ ✅

Dif_ To be a good example of a concept or idea.💡

Ex_ He embodies all the qualities of a dominant leader.

3_Instigate. ✅

Dif_ To cause a conflict or argument.

Ex_ Dissatisfaction with the government policies instigated the revolution.

4_ Petition✅

Dif_ To make a request.

Ex_ Afghans petitioned the government to consider the women's right.

5_Relinquish.✅

Dif_ To give up the control or to abdicate

Ex_ The resilient executive manager had no idea of relinquishing his position in the corporation.

6_Stagnant.✅

Dif_ Still. Not moving or developing.

Ex_ The stagnant water was a permanent home for frogs.


7_Incessant.✅

Dif_ Nonstop or never-ending

Ex_ Learning is truly an incessant journey.





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Idiom

🔴 To smell a rat

Meaning:
👉 To feel that something is wrong or suspicious.


Example:
a) Why is the door open?
b) I'm sure I locked the door before we left. I smell a rat!

✔️ This means that I'm saying something is fishy (wrong and suspicious).


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✍ Passive voice

passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action.


✅ Simple Passive (be + pp)
👉 The object of an active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.

Example:
Active: The chef cooks the meal.
Passive: The meal is cooked by the chef.

Active: She wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter was written by her.



✅ Continuous Passive (be + being + pp)
👉 Used for actions that are ongoing.

Example:
Active: The company is building a new factory.
Passive: A new factory is being built by the company.

Active: The chef was cooking the meal.
Passive: The meal was being cooked by the chef.



✅ Perfect Passive (have, has, had + been + pp)
Used for actions that have been completed at some point in the past.

Example:
Active: She has written a letter.
Passive: A letter has been written by her.

Active: They had completed the project.
Passive: The project had been completed by them.



✅ Future Passive (will + be + pp)
👉 Indicates actions that will be performed in the future.

Example:
Active: The manager will review the report.
Passive: The report will be reviewed by the manager.



✅ Modal Passive (modal + be + pp)
👉 Uses modal verbs (can, should, must, etc.) in passive constructions.

Example:
Active: They can solve the problem.
Passive: The problem can be solved by them.


#Grammar

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