پوزیشن دکتری ژئوشیمی آب های زیرزمینی و رشته های مرتبط، دانشگاه آیداهو ایالات متحده آمریکا:
Groundwater Tracer PhD Opportunity at the University of Idaho
The position will remain open until filled.
Applicants must have a degree in geochemistry, hydrology, or a related field. Preference will be given to candidates with experience using groundwater tracers. Stipend, healthcare, and tuition coverage are covered. Applications will be reviewed as they are received. The University of Idaho regards equity and diversity as an integral part of academic excellence and is committed to accessibility for all employees. If you have any questions regarding the application process and eligibility, please contact Dr. Jeff Langman, jlangman@uidaho.edu. In your application email, please provide a CV and motivation for applying for the position along with contact information for three references.
@geologisting
Groundwater Tracer PhD Opportunity at the University of Idaho
The position will remain open until filled.
Applicants must have a degree in geochemistry, hydrology, or a related field. Preference will be given to candidates with experience using groundwater tracers. Stipend, healthcare, and tuition coverage are covered. Applications will be reviewed as they are received. The University of Idaho regards equity and diversity as an integral part of academic excellence and is committed to accessibility for all employees. If you have any questions regarding the application process and eligibility, please contact Dr. Jeff Langman, jlangman@uidaho.edu. In your application email, please provide a CV and motivation for applying for the position along with contact information for three references.
@geologisting
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پوزیشن دکتری تگزاس آستین آمریکا
petroleum and geosystems engineering
🔗https://www.linkedin.com/posts/hewei-tang-178965a7_phd-position-flyer-activity-7225847959504969729-5dMB/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_ios
@geologisting
petroleum and geosystems engineering
🔗https://www.linkedin.com/posts/hewei-tang-178965a7_phd-position-flyer-activity-7225847959504969729-5dMB/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_ios
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Linkedin
Hewei Tang on LinkedIn: PhD position flyer | 20 comments
📣📣📣 I have fully-sponsored PhD openings at the Petroleum & Geosystems Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin. The application deadline… | 20 comments on LinkedIn
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پوزیشن های ارشد و دکتری کلرادو آمریکا
Petroleum engineering/cutting-edge advancements in drilling technology and geothermal development
🔗لینک اطلاعات
@geologisting
Petroleum engineering/cutting-edge advancements in drilling technology and geothermal development
🔗لینک اطلاعات
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Linkedin
Mohamed Shafik Khaled on LinkedIn: Home - Graduate Programs | 157 comments
Alhamdulillah, I am thrilled to announce my new role as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Petroleum Engineering at the Colorado School of Mines… | 157 comments on LinkedIn
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15 روز، 15 کانسار مس پورفیری از سراسر جهان
1• Bajo de la Alumbrera, Argentina
2• Batu Hijau, Indonesia
3• Bingham, Utah
4• Butte, Montana
5• Cadia, New South Wales, Australia
6• El Salvador, Chile
7• El Teniente, Chile
8• Far South East, Philippines
9• Grasberg, Indonesia
10• La Escondida, Chile
11• Morenci, Arizona
12• Mount Polley, British Columbia, Canada
13• Oyu Tolgoi, Mongolia
14• Valley Copper, British Columbia, Canada
15• Yerington and Ann-Mason, Nevada
(Ryan D. Taylor and David A. John)
@geologisting
1• Bajo de la Alumbrera, Argentina
2• Batu Hijau, Indonesia
3• Bingham, Utah
4• Butte, Montana
5• Cadia, New South Wales, Australia
6• El Salvador, Chile
7• El Teniente, Chile
8• Far South East, Philippines
9• Grasberg, Indonesia
10• La Escondida, Chile
11• Morenci, Arizona
12• Mount Polley, British Columbia, Canada
13• Oyu Tolgoi, Mongolia
14• Valley Copper, British Columbia, Canada
15• Yerington and Ann-Mason, Nevada
(Ryan D. Taylor and David A. John)
@geologisting
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1. Bajo de la Alumbrera, Argentina.
Location: 27.33°S., 66.61°W.
Grade/Tonnage: Proffett (2003): 605 Mt, 0.54 percent Cu, 0.64 g/t Au. Singer and others (2008): 806 Mt at 0.53 percent Cu, 0.64 g/t Au, 2.5 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Agua Tapada (porphyry), Bajo de San Lucas (porphyry), Cerro Atajo (porphyry), El Durazno (porphyry), Las Pampitas (porphyry).
Regional Geologic Setting: Miocene uplift of the PunaAltiplano; subduction-related.
Regional Tectonic Setting: Dominantly NW–SE compression with minor NE–SW extension younger than sericitic alteration. No evidence for significant local structures prior to mineralization.
Significant structural control on magma emplacement and mineralization (Y/N): No.
Primary Host Rocks: Dacite porphyry.
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Farallon Negro Volcanics: mainly andesite and dacite, but varies from basaltic to rhyolitic; generally about 50–66 weight percent SiO2 and highpotassium calc-alkaline.
@geologisting
Location: 27.33°S., 66.61°W.
Grade/Tonnage: Proffett (2003): 605 Mt, 0.54 percent Cu, 0.64 g/t Au. Singer and others (2008): 806 Mt at 0.53 percent Cu, 0.64 g/t Au, 2.5 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Agua Tapada (porphyry), Bajo de San Lucas (porphyry), Cerro Atajo (porphyry), El Durazno (porphyry), Las Pampitas (porphyry).
Regional Geologic Setting: Miocene uplift of the PunaAltiplano; subduction-related.
Regional Tectonic Setting: Dominantly NW–SE compression with minor NE–SW extension younger than sericitic alteration. No evidence for significant local structures prior to mineralization.
Significant structural control on magma emplacement and mineralization (Y/N): No.
Primary Host Rocks: Dacite porphyry.
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Farallon Negro Volcanics: mainly andesite and dacite, but varies from basaltic to rhyolitic; generally about 50–66 weight percent SiO2 and highpotassium calc-alkaline.
@geologisting
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ادامه:
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: P2, Early P3, and quartzeye porphyries (hornblende-, biotite-, plagioclase-, and quartz-phyric).
Age of Mineralization: 8.02±0.14 Ma (U-Pb zircon; possibly too old due to inherited lead), 7.10±0.07 Ma (U-Pb zircon); sericitic alteration 6.75±0.09 Ma (Ar-Ar).
Major Alteration Types: Potassic (secondary biotite most widespread with secondary potassium feldspar and magnetite abundant in the immediate vicinity of the porphyry cluster), pyritic, argillic, feldspar destructive (sericitic and(or) argillic), propylitic.
Alteration Zoning: Central potassic, intermediate argillic and sericitic (overprinted/younger), distal propylitic.
Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Chalcopyrite and pyrite with minor covellite and chalcocite, bornite, molybdenite; chalcopyrite-pyrite most common assemblage.
Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Quartz, magnetite, quartz-magnetite, quartz-chalcopyrite, transitional-age anhydrite, transitional to late chalcopyrite.
Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Stockwork vein, disseminated, weak supergene.
Metal Zoning: Barren core with the bulk of mineralization occurring within the potassic alteration zone; relatively barren outside of potassic alteration.
Depth of Ore Formation: 2.5 to 3.5 km Post-Ore Deformation: Minor ENE–WSW extension and E–W compression; gentle westward tilting (not significant).
Other Notable Features: Direct correlation between degree of potassic alteration and mineralization for the earliest mineralization associated with P2 porphyry. In contrast, early P3 porphyry has a potassically altered barren core, as well as high copper grades associated with potassic alteration, so there is not a correlation for copper mineralization associated with that porphyry.
Important References:
Müller and Forrestal (1998), Sasso and Clark (1998), Ulrich and Heinrich (2002), Ulrich and others (2002), Proffett (2003), Halter and others (2004, 2005), Brown (2005), Harris and others (2006, 2008).
@geologisting
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: P2, Early P3, and quartzeye porphyries (hornblende-, biotite-, plagioclase-, and quartz-phyric).
Age of Mineralization: 8.02±0.14 Ma (U-Pb zircon; possibly too old due to inherited lead), 7.10±0.07 Ma (U-Pb zircon); sericitic alteration 6.75±0.09 Ma (Ar-Ar).
Major Alteration Types: Potassic (secondary biotite most widespread with secondary potassium feldspar and magnetite abundant in the immediate vicinity of the porphyry cluster), pyritic, argillic, feldspar destructive (sericitic and(or) argillic), propylitic.
Alteration Zoning: Central potassic, intermediate argillic and sericitic (overprinted/younger), distal propylitic.
Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Chalcopyrite and pyrite with minor covellite and chalcocite, bornite, molybdenite; chalcopyrite-pyrite most common assemblage.
Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Quartz, magnetite, quartz-magnetite, quartz-chalcopyrite, transitional-age anhydrite, transitional to late chalcopyrite.
Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Stockwork vein, disseminated, weak supergene.
Metal Zoning: Barren core with the bulk of mineralization occurring within the potassic alteration zone; relatively barren outside of potassic alteration.
Depth of Ore Formation: 2.5 to 3.5 km Post-Ore Deformation: Minor ENE–WSW extension and E–W compression; gentle westward tilting (not significant).
Other Notable Features: Direct correlation between degree of potassic alteration and mineralization for the earliest mineralization associated with P2 porphyry. In contrast, early P3 porphyry has a potassically altered barren core, as well as high copper grades associated with potassic alteration, so there is not a correlation for copper mineralization associated with that porphyry.
Important References:
Müller and Forrestal (1998), Sasso and Clark (1998), Ulrich and Heinrich (2002), Ulrich and others (2002), Proffett (2003), Halter and others (2004, 2005), Brown (2005), Harris and others (2006, 2008).
@geologisting
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Economic Geology
15 روز، 15 کانسار مس پورفیری از سراسر جهان 1• Bajo de la Alumbrera, Argentina 2• Batu Hijau, Indonesia 3• Bingham, Utah 4• Butte, Montana 5• Cadia, New South Wales, Australia 6• El Salvador, Chile 7• El Teniente, Chile 8• Far South East, Philippines 9• Grasberg…
2. Batu Hijau, Indonesia.
Location: 8.97°S., 116.87°E.
Grade/Tonnage: Clode and others (1999) in Imai and Ohno (2005): 914 Mt, 0.53 percent Cu, 0.40 g/t Au; 0.3 percent Cu cutoff grade, Singer and others (2008): 1,640 Mt, 0.44 percent Cu, 0.45 g/t Au, 0.55 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Sekongkang (porphyry), Arung Ara (porphyry), Air Merah (porphyry), Katala (porphyry), Bambu (peripheral vein), Teluk Puna (peripheral vein).
Regional Geologic Setting: Early Miocene to Holocene Sunda-Banda volcanic arc constructed on oceanic crust.
@geologisting
Location: 8.97°S., 116.87°E.
Grade/Tonnage: Clode and others (1999) in Imai and Ohno (2005): 914 Mt, 0.53 percent Cu, 0.40 g/t Au; 0.3 percent Cu cutoff grade, Singer and others (2008): 1,640 Mt, 0.44 percent Cu, 0.45 g/t Au, 0.55 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Sekongkang (porphyry), Arung Ara (porphyry), Air Merah (porphyry), Katala (porphyry), Bambu (peripheral vein), Teluk Puna (peripheral vein).
Regional Geologic Setting: Early Miocene to Holocene Sunda-Banda volcanic arc constructed on oceanic crust.
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Regional Tectonic Setting: Porphyry copper deposits formed at major structural discontinuity in Sunda-Banda arc indicated by reversal in polarity of recent volcanism. This region characterized by intersection of NW- and NE-trending arc-traverse tectonic lineaments as defined by regional-scale fault zones and recent earthquake hypocenters. Collison of Sunda-Banda arc with the Australian continent inferred to have caused arcparallel extension at the time of porphyry copper formation.
Significant structural control on magma emplacement and mineralization (Y/N): Yes. Batu Hijau district located in uplifted crustal block within 30 km of regional arc-traverse, left-lateral oblique-slip fault controls distribution of Miocene volcaniclastic rocks, Neogene intrusions, and present coastline. This fault corresponds to inferred tear or kink in the subducting slab beneath the arc. Margins of east-elongate quartz diorite plutons focused fracturing, dike emplacement,
and quartz vein deposition.
Primary Host Rocks: Pliocene tonalite and diorite intrusions and Miocene volcanic rocks.
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Quartz diorite, tonalite, andesite, granodiorite; low-K calc-alkalic with late stage rocks (tonalite to granodiorite dikes).
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: Na-rich tonalite porphyry complex.
Age of Mineralization: Tonalite porphyry emplacement 3.76±0.12 – 3.67±0.10 Ma (U-Pb zircon); hydrothermal biotite 3.73±0.08 Ma (Ar-Ar) Major Alteration Types: Potassic (oligoclase, biotite, quartz, magnetite), propylitic, argillic, sericitic, sodic, advanced argillic.
Alteration Zoning: Central potassic, more distal propylitic consisting of proximal actinolite, distal epidote-chlorite, and regional chlorite-calcite; structurally controlled feldspardestructive intermediate argillic, sericitic/paragonitic, illitic, and advanced argillic (pyrophyllite, andalusite, dickite, diaspore, zunyite) alteration overprints potassic and inner propylitic alteration.
Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Bornite, chalcopyrite, pyrite; chalcopyrite-bornite and chalcocite-bornitedigenite are common assemblages Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Early: A-veins, including quartz-magnetite-bornite, quartz-bornite, quartz-magnetite, barren quartz (but in varying age relationships to each other); Transitional age: B-veins and “AB” veins with quartz, ±bornite, ±chalcopyrite, ±biotite, ±chlorite, ±magnetite; chalcopyrite veins with chlorite-sericite haloes; Late: pyrite-rich D-veins ±chalcopyrite, bornite, and sphalerite; Latest: gypsum veins.
Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Disseminated, vein.
Metal Zoning: Concentric zoning with central copper and gold, proximal molybdenum, and distal lead, zinc, gold, silver, and arsenic; iron is both proximal as magnetite and distal as pyrite; Ag/Au varies from about 1 to 2 in central Cu-Au zone to greater than 50 in outer Pb-Zn halo.
Depth of Ore Formation: 2–3.5 km.
Post-Ore Deformation: NW-striking faults.
Other Notable Features: Copper and gold grades are positively correlated with quartz vein density.
Important References:
Meldrum and others (1994), Clode and others (1999), Garwin (2000, 2002), Arif and Baker (2004), Imai and Ohno (2005), Idrus and others (2007), Setyandhaka and others (2008).
@geologisting
Significant structural control on magma emplacement and mineralization (Y/N): Yes. Batu Hijau district located in uplifted crustal block within 30 km of regional arc-traverse, left-lateral oblique-slip fault controls distribution of Miocene volcaniclastic rocks, Neogene intrusions, and present coastline. This fault corresponds to inferred tear or kink in the subducting slab beneath the arc. Margins of east-elongate quartz diorite plutons focused fracturing, dike emplacement,
and quartz vein deposition.
Primary Host Rocks: Pliocene tonalite and diorite intrusions and Miocene volcanic rocks.
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Quartz diorite, tonalite, andesite, granodiorite; low-K calc-alkalic with late stage rocks (tonalite to granodiorite dikes).
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: Na-rich tonalite porphyry complex.
Age of Mineralization: Tonalite porphyry emplacement 3.76±0.12 – 3.67±0.10 Ma (U-Pb zircon); hydrothermal biotite 3.73±0.08 Ma (Ar-Ar) Major Alteration Types: Potassic (oligoclase, biotite, quartz, magnetite), propylitic, argillic, sericitic, sodic, advanced argillic.
Alteration Zoning: Central potassic, more distal propylitic consisting of proximal actinolite, distal epidote-chlorite, and regional chlorite-calcite; structurally controlled feldspardestructive intermediate argillic, sericitic/paragonitic, illitic, and advanced argillic (pyrophyllite, andalusite, dickite, diaspore, zunyite) alteration overprints potassic and inner propylitic alteration.
Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Bornite, chalcopyrite, pyrite; chalcopyrite-bornite and chalcocite-bornitedigenite are common assemblages Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Early: A-veins, including quartz-magnetite-bornite, quartz-bornite, quartz-magnetite, barren quartz (but in varying age relationships to each other); Transitional age: B-veins and “AB” veins with quartz, ±bornite, ±chalcopyrite, ±biotite, ±chlorite, ±magnetite; chalcopyrite veins with chlorite-sericite haloes; Late: pyrite-rich D-veins ±chalcopyrite, bornite, and sphalerite; Latest: gypsum veins.
Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Disseminated, vein.
Metal Zoning: Concentric zoning with central copper and gold, proximal molybdenum, and distal lead, zinc, gold, silver, and arsenic; iron is both proximal as magnetite and distal as pyrite; Ag/Au varies from about 1 to 2 in central Cu-Au zone to greater than 50 in outer Pb-Zn halo.
Depth of Ore Formation: 2–3.5 km.
Post-Ore Deformation: NW-striking faults.
Other Notable Features: Copper and gold grades are positively correlated with quartz vein density.
Important References:
Meldrum and others (1994), Clode and others (1999), Garwin (2000, 2002), Arif and Baker (2004), Imai and Ohno (2005), Idrus and others (2007), Setyandhaka and others (2008).
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Economic Geology
15 روز، 15 کانسار مس پورفیری از سراسر جهان 1• Bajo de la Alumbrera, Argentina 2• Batu Hijau, Indonesia 3• Bingham, Utah 4• Butte, Montana 5• Cadia, New South Wales, Australia 6• El Salvador, Chile 7• El Teniente, Chile 8• Far South East, Philippines 9• Grasberg…
Name: Bingham Canyon, Utah.
Location: 40.53°N., 112.15°W.
Grade/Tonnage: Singer and others (2008): 3,230 Mt, 0.882 percent Cu, 0.38 g/t Au, 0.053 percent Mo, 3.3 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Cu-Au skarns in surrounding carbonate beds (Carr Fork and North Ore Shoot deposits); polymetallic vein and replacement deposits (Ag-Pb-Zn; Lark and U.S. mines); distal sediment-hosted gold deposits (Barneys Canyon and Melco).
Regional Geologic Setting: Late Paleozoic siliceous and carbonate sedimentary rocks overlain and intruded by Eocene intermediate composition volcanic and intrusive rocks.
Regional Tectonic Setting: Located on the western end of the Uinta axis, which is a suture between the Archean Wyoming Province to the north and Proterozoic basement rocks to the south. Area of thrusting and folding from the Late Cretaceous Sevier Orogeny. Minor NNW–SSE-extension during midTertiary magmatism
@geologisting
Location: 40.53°N., 112.15°W.
Grade/Tonnage: Singer and others (2008): 3,230 Mt, 0.882 percent Cu, 0.38 g/t Au, 0.053 percent Mo, 3.3 g/t Ag.
Associated Deposits: Cu-Au skarns in surrounding carbonate beds (Carr Fork and North Ore Shoot deposits); polymetallic vein and replacement deposits (Ag-Pb-Zn; Lark and U.S. mines); distal sediment-hosted gold deposits (Barneys Canyon and Melco).
Regional Geologic Setting: Late Paleozoic siliceous and carbonate sedimentary rocks overlain and intruded by Eocene intermediate composition volcanic and intrusive rocks.
Regional Tectonic Setting: Located on the western end of the Uinta axis, which is a suture between the Archean Wyoming Province to the north and Proterozoic basement rocks to the south. Area of thrusting and folding from the Late Cretaceous Sevier Orogeny. Minor NNW–SSE-extension during midTertiary magmatism
@geologisting
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Primary Host Rocks: Eocene equigranular to porphyry intrusions (Bingham stock and porphyry dikes).
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Monzonite, quartz monzonite porphyry, latite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry, biotite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry breccia, minette dikes (57.5–59 weight percent SiO2), melanonephelenite (sodic with low Al2O3), shoshonite (52–59 weight percent SiO2).
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: Bingham stock (quartz monzonite porphyry) Some contribution from latite porphyry, biotite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry breccia, quartz latite porphyry Age of Mineralization: 38.55±0.19 Ma (U-Pb zircon from Bingham stock monzonite); 37.00±0.27 Ma (Re-Os on molybdenite); 37.57±0.11 to 37.07±0.21 Ma (Ar-Ar on hydrothermal biotite).
Major Alteration Types: Potassic (quartz+potassium feldspar+biotite), propylitic (epidote, chlorite, calcite, minor potassium feldspar), sericitic, argillic
Alteration Zoning: Inner potassic and outer propylitic; late argillic and sericitic Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Barren core surrounded outward and upward by assemblages that gradationally change from molybdenite + magnetite ± pyrite; bornite + chalcopyrite ±molybdenite; chalcopyrite + pyrite; pyrite + chalcopyrite; pyrite; Highest copper grade of deposit coincides with the bornite + chalcopyrite zone.
Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Oldest to youngest:
brown-green veins of biotite and sericite with bornite, chalcocite and chalcopyrite; biotite veinlets; stockwork quartz veins (5 types) with increasing sulfide content with time; quartzmolybdenite veins; pyrite±quartz veins Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Disseminated, stockwork vein.
Metal Zoning: Concentric with a low-grade core grading upward and laterally to a molybdenite zone, copper shell, pyrite halo, Pb-Zn-Ag zone, and an outer Au zone
Depth of Ore Formation: 2.5–3 km.
Post-Ore Deformation: About 15° eastward tilting due to Late Cenozoic Basin and Range extensional faulting Other Notable Features: First porphyry copper deposit mined by open pit methods.
Important References: Boutwell (1905), Hunt (1933), Lanier and others (1978), Atkinson and Einaudi (1978), Bowman and others (1987), Babcock and others (1995), Presnell (1997), Waite and others (1997), Phillips and others (1997), Parry and others (2001), Maughan and others (2002), Redmond and others (2004), Cunningham and others (2004), Phillips and others (2005), Landtwing and others (2005), Core and others (2006).
@geologisting
Primary Associated Igneous Rocks: Monzonite, quartz monzonite porphyry, latite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry, biotite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry breccia, minette dikes (57.5–59 weight percent SiO2), melanonephelenite (sodic with low Al2O3), shoshonite (52–59 weight percent SiO2).
Inferred Mineralizing Intrusions: Bingham stock (quartz monzonite porphyry) Some contribution from latite porphyry, biotite porphyry, quartz latite porphyry breccia, quartz latite porphyry Age of Mineralization: 38.55±0.19 Ma (U-Pb zircon from Bingham stock monzonite); 37.00±0.27 Ma (Re-Os on molybdenite); 37.57±0.11 to 37.07±0.21 Ma (Ar-Ar on hydrothermal biotite).
Major Alteration Types: Potassic (quartz+potassium feldspar+biotite), propylitic (epidote, chlorite, calcite, minor potassium feldspar), sericitic, argillic
Alteration Zoning: Inner potassic and outer propylitic; late argillic and sericitic Major Ore Minerals and Assemblages: Barren core surrounded outward and upward by assemblages that gradationally change from molybdenite + magnetite ± pyrite; bornite + chalcopyrite ±molybdenite; chalcopyrite + pyrite; pyrite + chalcopyrite; pyrite; Highest copper grade of deposit coincides with the bornite + chalcopyrite zone.
Major Vein Types and Relative Ages: Oldest to youngest:
brown-green veins of biotite and sericite with bornite, chalcocite and chalcopyrite; biotite veinlets; stockwork quartz veins (5 types) with increasing sulfide content with time; quartzmolybdenite veins; pyrite±quartz veins Major Style(s) of Mineralization: Disseminated, stockwork vein.
Metal Zoning: Concentric with a low-grade core grading upward and laterally to a molybdenite zone, copper shell, pyrite halo, Pb-Zn-Ag zone, and an outer Au zone
Depth of Ore Formation: 2.5–3 km.
Post-Ore Deformation: About 15° eastward tilting due to Late Cenozoic Basin and Range extensional faulting Other Notable Features: First porphyry copper deposit mined by open pit methods.
Important References: Boutwell (1905), Hunt (1933), Lanier and others (1978), Atkinson and Einaudi (1978), Bowman and others (1987), Babcock and others (1995), Presnell (1997), Waite and others (1997), Phillips and others (1997), Parry and others (2001), Maughan and others (2002), Redmond and others (2004), Cunningham and others (2004), Phillips and others (2005), Landtwing and others (2005), Core and others (2006).
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یک عکس حیرت انگیز دیگر از معدن بینگام یا معدن مس کنهکات یا معدن مس یوتا در ایالت یوتا، ایالات متحده ی آمریکا.
برای درک عظمت این معدن به اندازه ی تراک های معدنی توجه کنید.
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برای درک عظمت این معدن به اندازه ی تراک های معدنی توجه کنید.
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