Steady State Universe

⚛One of the most popular theories that once stood against the Big Bang theory is the Steady State Universe theory. This theory directly contradicted the Big Bang theory by stating that the Universe doesn’t have a beginning, nor does it have an end. Instead, it is constantly expanding, however, the overall density stays the same, or in other words, it looks the same always.

⚛The galaxies, planets, and other forms of matter are always being created, and since the density is the same, the old ones are becoming unobservable with new creations.
This theory was proposed by Sir James Jeans in 1920 and was re-established in 1948 by Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold.

⚛The late cosmologist Geoffrey Burbidge championed the Steady State cosmology early in his career and was one of the last serious cosmologists to refuse to abandon Steady State, even after the evidence disproved it. Instead, he came up with an oscillating-universe model, which incorporated many small big bangs. So, he accepted the Big Bang, just in a slightly different form.

@universalsciencefacts
#steady_state_universe

We would like to thank you all who have participated on voting 🙏and we will soon release books 📚 for you !

Hyperspace

⚛According to this theory, before the Big Bang, our cosmos was actually a perfect ten-dimensional universe, a world where inter dimensional travel was possible. However, this ten-dimensional world was unstable, and eventually it "cracked" in two, creating two separate universes: a four- and a six-dimensional universe.

⚛The life evolved in the four dimensional universe with the catastrophic damage of big bang and later inflatory expansion, Whilst that of six dimensional universe contracted into a very tiny ball that curling all the dimensions to appears invisible even at plank energy scale which is the tiny possible scale that our atomic smashers reveal .

@universalsciencefacts
#hyperspace

Title: Astrophysics

Please read and share this book for your friends. It contains:-

🤗 Introduction of Astrophysics and its importance
😇 Colours Theory
😊 Elementary particles
😁 Universe and etc.

The fourth spatial dimension

Space time curvature

✨From the Fermat least time principle light always follows the shortest possible pass between two points that is a straight line,but when we see light rays arriving into water its pass is bend by some degree which is refraction of light .And as Einstien realized gravitational waves causes a pass of light rays to be curved.

✨ Therefore in this perspect the shortest path between two points is always curved line than straight line. Back to the first denoscription since the geodesic(the shortest path in between two points) is straight line from our frame of reference ,the space time must be curved, that our eyes perceives the light rays as they travel in straight line despite the fact that space time is curved.

✨As a conclusion Reinmann and Einstein reveled that. forces actually do not exist .The one is which we define them as push or pull effects raised from the geometry of space time caused by mass or energy contained within space time itself.

Matter energy =>space time

@universalsciencefacts
#Space_time_curvature

Quantum Heresy

⚛The introduction of quantum mechanics in the earlier 1920s with geniuses of the era like Max plank , Wolfgang Pauli ,paul Dirac, Heisenberg ,Bohr , shrodinger and Einstein despite his later opposition to his priceless contribution in the proposal ,the way human race perceives the Matter and universe at large scale dramatically changed .

⚛ Generally the quantum mechanics discovery can b summarized with the following denoscriptions describe the fact that they are point less of denoscription of the universe but behaving as absurdities.

1.Forces are created by the exchange of discrete packets of energy, called #quanta.
2.We can never know simultaneously the #velocity and #position of a subatomic particle.
3.Different forces are caused by the exchange of different quanta.
4.There is a finite probability that particles may "tunnel " through or make a quantum leap through impenetrable barriers.

⚛The above sentences hold incredible facts despite all the absurdities following denoscriptions of universe.


👉we will be dealing with each sentence in the next posts stay tuned !

@universalsciencefacts

Quanta

⚛Quantum (plural quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity (physical property) involved in an interaction. The fundamental notion that a physical property can be "quantized" is referred to as "the hypothesis of quantization".

⚛This means that the magnitude of the physical property can take on only discrete values consisting of integer multiples of one quantum.

⚛For example, a photon is a single quantum of light (or of any other form of electromagnetic radiation). Similarly, the energy of an electron bound within an atom is quantized and can exist only in certain discrete values. (Atoms and matter in general are stable because electrons can exist only at discrete energy levels within an atom.)

⚛Quantization is one of the foundations of the much broader physics of quantum mechanics. Quantization of energy and its influence on how energy and matter interact (quantum electrodynamics) is part of the fundamental framework for understanding and describing nature.

@universalsciencefacts
#quanta

This is one of the temperature thought as highest possible temperature in Standard model ,with the new discovery GUT there is even possible temperature beyond Plank temperature .

@universalsciencefacts

Sequences after moment of Big Bang

⚛10–⁴³ seconds The ten-dimensional universe breaks down to a four￾and a six-dimensional universe. The six-dimensional universe collapses down to 10 –³² centimeter in size. The four-dimensional universe inflates rapidly. The temperature is 10³²K.

⚛ 10–³⁵ seconds The GUT force breaks; the strong force is no longer united with the electroweak interactions. SU(3) breaks off from the GUT symmetry. A small speck in the larger universe becomes inflated by a factor of 10⁵⁰, eventually becoming our visible universe.

⚛10–⁹ seconds The temperature is now 10¹⁵ K, and the electroweak symmetry breaks into SU(2) and U(l) .
4)10–³ seconds Quarks begin to condense into neutrons and protons. The temperature is roughly 10¹⁴ K.

⚛ 3 minutes The protons and neutrons are now condensing into stable nuclei. The energy of random collisions is no longer powerful enough to break up the nucleus of the emerging nuclei. Space is still opaque to light because ions do not transmit light well.

⚛ 300,000 years Electrons begin to condense around nuclei. Atoms begin to form. Because light is no longer scattered or absorbed as much, the universe becomes transparent to light. Outer space becomes black.

⚛ 3 billion years The first quasars appear.
⚛5 billion years The first galaxies appear.

⚛ 10 to 15 billion years The solar system is born. A few billion years after that, the first forms of life appear on earth


@universalsciencefacts
#sequences_after_bigbang

Schrödinger's cat principle

✨Schrödinger devised a simple thought experiment that exposed the essence of the problem. Place a cat in a sealed box. Put a piece of uranium in the box. When the uranium fires subatomic particle, it triggers a Geiger counter that sets off a gun that fires a bullet at the cat. The question is: Is the cat dead or alive?

✨Since the firing of a uranium atom is a purely quantum event, it means that you have to describe the cat in terms of quantum mechanics. To Heisenberg, before you open the box, the cat exists as a mixture of different quantum states—that is, the cat is the sum of two waves. One wave describes a dead cat. The other wave describes a live cat.

✨The cat is neither dead nor alive but a mixture of both. The only way to tell if the cat is dead or alive is to open the box and make an observation; then the wave function collapses into a dead or live cat. In other words, observation (which requires consciousness) determines existence.

🤔So what do u say about it do really consciousness determine existence? Inform your view about this on the comment section .👇

@universalsciencefacts

Symmetry and it's consequence

⚛Symmetry creates order out of disorder. Out of the chaos of chemical elements and subatomic particles, the Mendeleyev periodic table and Standard Model can rearrange them in a tidy, symmetric fashion.

⚛Symmetry helps fill in the gaps. Symmetry allows you to isolate gaps in these theories and hence predict the existence of new types of elements and subatomic particles.

⚛Symmetry unifies totally unexpected and seemingly unrelated objects. Symmetry finds the link between space and time, matter and energy, electricity and magnetism, and fermions and bosons.

⚛Symmetry reveals unexpected phenomena. Symmetry predicted the existence of new phenomena such as antimatter, spin, and quarks.

⚛Symmetry eliminates unwanted consequences that can destroy
the theory. Quantum corrections often have disastrous divergences and anomalies that can be eliminated by symmetry.

⚛Symmetry alters the original classical theory. The quantum corrections to string theory are so stringent they actually alter the original theory, fixing the dimensionality of space-time.

⚛M -theory is the latest version of string theory proposal that claims the universe was actually eleven dimensions and collapse into a hyperspace of ten dimension because of the five mathematical proves .

@universalsciencefacts

Kaluza Klien theory
⚛Despite all effort made to greatest level ,the scientist have tired of challenge facing up on unifying forces of nature .One fact is that introducing higher dimensional geometric universe (hyperspace) intrinsically hoped solve this up to possible depth .

⚛It's quite ambitious theorem ever made with simplicity,and short proposal for denoscription came up from unknown Scientist to the legend Einstien . Maxwell's field equation astonishgly united with that of Einstien's .

⚛Over all the kaluza Klien theory is the amended Reinmann metric tensor denoscription of a position in space time with different ten coordinates all simultaneously pointing at one. Therefore the elegant formulation an enough space for denoscription of unity .

⚛Despite the GUT theory introduction of SU 5 symmetry which can rotate into one another, Kaluza Klien theory of hyperspace or higher dimensional universe come up which the Reinmann mathematics of metric tensor that incorporates Yang Mills field (strong and weak nuclear force) with the earlier introduced metric tensor that incorporates Maxwell's field and Einstein field, bringing the SU(N) symmetry where N stands for higher dimension.

⚛Or it's metric tensor express it as 4+ N symmetry where 4 stands for space time and N higher dimensions . In which the N symmetry is curled into compact ball .Kaluza Klien theory has also responded for the question of where is the origin of these symmetry as byproduct of vibrating hyperspace .This is the best possible answer discovered for the physics symmetry of subatomic particles that comes in SU (N ) .

⚛It describes the symmetry of objects interms of hypershere of the symmetry O(N);N stands for dimension of the space . Therefore the symmetry of the hypersphere inorder to retain it's shape in it's rotation around it's center.Now consider this hyperspace vibrating ,it produces vibration that can be induced in regular to form resonance .Since it vibrate at certain frequencies it produces music tones .This is way it's called by product of vibrating hyperspace.

@universalsciencefacts
#kaluza_klien_theory