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Questions 14–21 🔻🔻⤵️🔻🔻 & Answers Tomorrow

🔴Answers to Questions 14━21

14. 💜 Ascaris ova are large and oval, usually measuring
50–75 μ long by 35–50 μ wide. They are often bile stained and may have a thick shell with a coarse covering (corticated).
This egg demonstrates a
contracted embryo, leaving space between the shell and the embryo at the opposing poles.
This indicates that the egg is fertilized.
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15. 💜 Hookworm ova are approximately 60–75 μ in length and 35–40 μ in width.
They have a thin outer shell usually containing an unembryonated or partly embryonated egg within.
The ova of Necator and Ancylostoma cannot be differentiated from one another.
Threadworm (Strongyloides) produces similar ova, but these hatch in the intestine, releasing
the rhabditoid larvae that are found in the feces.
Pinworm (Enterobius) ova are approximately the same size but are more elongated and flat on one side.
Whipworm (Trichuris) ova are smaller and thick walled with mucus plugs at both ends.
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16. ☞💚 C. sinensis produces small, bile-stained ova approximately 25–35 μ in length and 10–20 μ in width.
Ova have a collar (shoulder) on both sides of the operculum and a knob at the end opposite the operculum.
Fasciola, Paragonimus, and Fasciolopsis all produce large, yellow-brown operculated ova.
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17. ☞💙 P. westermani produces large, operculated ova measuring approximately 80–100 μ in length
and 50–70 μ in width.
They are yellow-brown and nonembryonated.
Metagonimus and Opisthorchis ova are small ova resembling
Clonorchis.
Fasciola produces ova that are also yellow-brown, operculated, and unembryonated.
The ova are larger than Paragonimus and lack the small shoulders adjacent to the operculum of Paragonimus ova.
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18. ☞💜 This field shows long helical bacteria between red blood cells (RBCs) of normal size and color.
These spirochetes are sometimes seen in the blood of patients suffering from the febrile septic phase of infection with Borrelia or Leptospira spp.
The former are more commonly encountered in differential
exams, especially in patients infected with Borrelia recurrentis and other species that cause relapsing fever.
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is rarely seen in Wright’s-stained blood
films and is usually diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other serological methods.

19. ☞💙 This is a large trophozoite with spiculated cytoplasm characteristic of Acanthamoeba.
Eye infections caused by this organism have been documented in contact lens wearers who do not
properly disinfect lenses. Acanthamoeba spp.
are large trophozoites measuring 25–50 μ.
They may also cause primary amoebic meningoencephalitis,
although they are isolated less often than Naegleria in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with this disease.

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20. ☞💚 The infected RBC demonstrates enlarged
amoeba-like cytoplasm and Schüffner’s dots, which are characteristic of P. vivax and ovale.
The parasite is at the ring-form trophozoite stage.

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21. ☞💙 All of the organisms listed are coccidian parasites that cause diarrhea, especially in immunodeficient patients such as those with AIDS.
Cryptosporidium produces the smallest oocysts (half the size of Cyclospora, which is the next smallest) and is visible in stools using either the acid-fast or immunofluorescent stainingtechniques.
The oocysts are round, about 5 μ in diameter, and deep pink.

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