Climate change, an opportunity for high-speed train manufacturers https://perma.cc/7GA3-4EUP
Rail transport represents 6.4% of the global transportation modal worldwide but less than 1% of CO2 emissions.
For Sweden battery production emissions were higher than the emissions from electricity production. Battery production emissions form a significant share of the overall emissions per pkm and should always be considered when comparing the emissions of electric transportation modes with those of conventional ones.
Sweden (and Norway ...), benefiting from the low emissions in electricity production. The same accounts for electric cars and electric coaches on routes in Sweden that show lower emissions than their conventional counterparts.
Using electric modes to Estonia is not recommended because they produce higher emissions than conventional modes do, exceeding even those of conventional aircraft.
The carbon intensities of electricity consumed from the Finnish, Swedish and Estonian grid were obtained from Moro and Lonza (2018): 211 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Finland, 47 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Sweden, and 944 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Estonia.
Learn more about car, ship, train, bus, aviation pollution on
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/509
https://news.1rj.ru/str/ElonMuskPollution
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PolestarTelegram
or by searching this channel, checking previous posts
Rail transport represents 6.4% of the global transportation modal worldwide but less than 1% of CO2 emissions.
For Sweden battery production emissions were higher than the emissions from electricity production. Battery production emissions form a significant share of the overall emissions per pkm and should always be considered when comparing the emissions of electric transportation modes with those of conventional ones.
Sweden (and Norway ...), benefiting from the low emissions in electricity production. The same accounts for electric cars and electric coaches on routes in Sweden that show lower emissions than their conventional counterparts.
Using electric modes to Estonia is not recommended because they produce higher emissions than conventional modes do, exceeding even those of conventional aircraft.
The carbon intensities of electricity consumed from the Finnish, Swedish and Estonian grid were obtained from Moro and Lonza (2018): 211 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Finland, 47 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Sweden, and 944 g CO2-eq kWh−1 in Estonia.
Learn more about car, ship, train, bus, aviation pollution on
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/509
https://news.1rj.ru/str/ElonMuskPollution
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PolestarTelegram
or by searching this channel, checking previous posts
Scientists estimate that by 2095 forest services will decrease on average by 52% in Europe’s Mediterranean area https://perma.cc/7Q7F-CQBQ
The results suggest that without active human intervention, the services that forest provide in Europe will on average decrease by 15% until 2095. Under a high carbon emission scenario, the average decline would be 23% for Europe and up to 70% for the Mediterranean area. Soil protection and fuelwood will be the most affected services in the Mediterranean region with an average loss of 53% to 57%.
The EU 2022 wildfire season was the second worst on record https://perma.cc/CN82-9N5E
Excluding war-torn Ukraine, Spain was the most affected by wildfires with a total of 315 705 ha. This is three-and-a-half more than in 2021.
The total burnt surface in these protected areas in 2022 reached 365 308 ha, the highest amount mapped in the last ten years. The damage was particularly concentrated in three countries: Spain, Romania and Portugal. Together, they accounted for over 75% of the total area burnt in protected areas.
Looking just at the EU, in 2022, fires were mapped in 26 of the EU27 countries (all except Luxembourg), burning 837 212 ha in total. This represents 86% more than the 449 342 ha recorded in 2021.
The results suggest that without active human intervention, the services that forest provide in Europe will on average decrease by 15% until 2095. Under a high carbon emission scenario, the average decline would be 23% for Europe and up to 70% for the Mediterranean area. Soil protection and fuelwood will be the most affected services in the Mediterranean region with an average loss of 53% to 57%.
The EU 2022 wildfire season was the second worst on record https://perma.cc/CN82-9N5E
Excluding war-torn Ukraine, Spain was the most affected by wildfires with a total of 315 705 ha. This is three-and-a-half more than in 2021.
The total burnt surface in these protected areas in 2022 reached 365 308 ha, the highest amount mapped in the last ten years. The damage was particularly concentrated in three countries: Spain, Romania and Portugal. Together, they accounted for over 75% of the total area burnt in protected areas.
Looking just at the EU, in 2022, fires were mapped in 26 of the EU27 countries (all except Luxembourg), burning 837 212 ha in total. This represents 86% more than the 449 342 ha recorded in 2021.
Forwarded from RussianTelegramFreaks: Russian Telegram Freaks from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan (Україна, Россия, тик-ток)
Russia is the world’s largest exporter of oil and gas combined and the fourth biggest CO2 emitter, so it’s efforts in mitigating CO2 emissions are globally significant in curbing climate change. However, the existing emission inventories only present national CO2 emissions; the subnational emission details are missing. In addition, the emission factors are not country-specific and energy activity data by fossil energy types and sectors are not sufficiently detailed.
Since existing emission inventories of Russia do not provide detailed emissions by energy types and socio-economic sectors, a further comparison of the emissions by energy types and by socio-economic sectors cannot be made.
Overall, Russia’s energy structure is relatively stable from 2005 to 2019.
Since existing emission inventories of Russia do not provide detailed emissions by energy types and socio-economic sectors, a further comparison of the emissions by energy types and by socio-economic sectors cannot be made.
Overall, Russia’s energy structure is relatively stable from 2005 to 2019.
The clothing and textile industry has an ecological footprint which is far from sustainable. The industry emits 1.7 billion tonnes of CO2 annually, is responsible for extensive water use and pollution, and produces 2.1 billion tonnes of waste annually, to name just a few aspects.
Global consumption of clothes doubled be- tween 2000 and 2014. Today, on a global average, every person buys 5kg of clothes per year, but in Europe and the USA the figure is as high as 16kg.
H&M was classified as ‘ambitious’; Nike, adidas and Mammut were ranked in the ‘upper midfield’;
VF Corporation (e.g. The North Face, Timberland), Hugo Boss, Odlo and Calida ended up in the ‘lower midfield’; and Triumph, Chicorée, PKZ and Tally Weijl were classified in the ‘latecomers / intransparent’ group – meaning they take very limited action regarding environmental issues, or do not disclose any information.
Cotton is a water-intensive crop that is usually grown in dry regions so as not to damage the eventual quality of fibre.
Not just cotton, synthetic bres such as polyester, rayon and viscose use much energy and chemicals to produce, often up to five times as much.
Since large-scale production of the synthetic materials began in the early 1950s to 2015, humans have created more than 8.3 billion metric tons of plastics https://perma.cc/NN5V-ZUWS
The textile industry creates 5-10% of global CO2 emissions. At the current rate this could increase to 26% by 2050.
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
What are microfibers and why are our clothes polluting the oceans? https://perma.cc/2B3Z-7BMA
Once our clothes reach a washing machine, the synthetic fabrics release tiny strands: so-called microfibers. These are essentially microscopic pieces of plastic, just like the microbeads you find in cosmetics.
The IUCN calculates that 35% of this microplastic pollution comes from washing synthetic textiles.
More https://perma.cc/9ZTY-6QYW https://perma.cc/GWP6-UU92
Global consumption of clothes doubled be- tween 2000 and 2014. Today, on a global average, every person buys 5kg of clothes per year, but in Europe and the USA the figure is as high as 16kg.
H&M was classified as ‘ambitious’; Nike, adidas and Mammut were ranked in the ‘upper midfield’;
VF Corporation (e.g. The North Face, Timberland), Hugo Boss, Odlo and Calida ended up in the ‘lower midfield’; and Triumph, Chicorée, PKZ and Tally Weijl were classified in the ‘latecomers / intransparent’ group – meaning they take very limited action regarding environmental issues, or do not disclose any information.
Cotton is a water-intensive crop that is usually grown in dry regions so as not to damage the eventual quality of fibre.
Not just cotton, synthetic bres such as polyester, rayon and viscose use much energy and chemicals to produce, often up to five times as much.
Since large-scale production of the synthetic materials began in the early 1950s to 2015, humans have created more than 8.3 billion metric tons of plastics https://perma.cc/NN5V-ZUWS
The textile industry creates 5-10% of global CO2 emissions. At the current rate this could increase to 26% by 2050.
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
What are microfibers and why are our clothes polluting the oceans? https://perma.cc/2B3Z-7BMA
Once our clothes reach a washing machine, the synthetic fabrics release tiny strands: so-called microfibers. These are essentially microscopic pieces of plastic, just like the microbeads you find in cosmetics.
The IUCN calculates that 35% of this microplastic pollution comes from washing synthetic textiles.
More https://perma.cc/9ZTY-6QYW https://perma.cc/GWP6-UU92
There are only two ways to decrease the impact: by decreasing the temperature from 40 °C to 30 °C and by filling the washing machine to its full load instead of running it half-full. Thus, if the t-shirt is washed at 30 °C within a full washing machine, the environmental impact would decrease further.
According to the results, the consumer should follow the following principles: (1) quality over quantity (in order to increase the t-shirt's lifetime and thus favoring consumption reduction); (2) a fuller washing machine is better; (3) avoiding the tumbler and favoring air-drying; and (4) the lower the washing temperature, the better.
It was observed that a washing temperature of 40°C instead of 60°C could cut the carbon footprint of the use phase by 45% and 30°C instead of 40°C by 40%.
It can be noticed that wool ber consumes lower energy and also leads to lower carbon footprint than the other listed fibers, except hemp fibers, which have the lowest carbon footprint.
Electrical energy is one of the major energy consumption sectors in the textile industry, and electrical energy is spent for driving machinery, cooling, temperature control, lighting, and of ce equipment. Among the various textile industries, the spinning industry takes the major share of electricity with 41%, followed by weaving and wet processing units.
However, energy used and CO2 emitted to manufacture 1 ton of natural fiber are much lower as compared to synthetics fibers. Production of wool fiber uses lower energy and has lower carbon footprint as compared to cotton fibers.
More
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/909
https://news.1rj.ru/str/WWFFacts/187
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/911
According to the results, the consumer should follow the following principles: (1) quality over quantity (in order to increase the t-shirt's lifetime and thus favoring consumption reduction); (2) a fuller washing machine is better; (3) avoiding the tumbler and favoring air-drying; and (4) the lower the washing temperature, the better.
It was observed that a washing temperature of 40°C instead of 60°C could cut the carbon footprint of the use phase by 45% and 30°C instead of 40°C by 40%.
It can be noticed that wool ber consumes lower energy and also leads to lower carbon footprint than the other listed fibers, except hemp fibers, which have the lowest carbon footprint.
Electrical energy is one of the major energy consumption sectors in the textile industry, and electrical energy is spent for driving machinery, cooling, temperature control, lighting, and of ce equipment. Among the various textile industries, the spinning industry takes the major share of electricity with 41%, followed by weaving and wet processing units.
However, energy used and CO2 emitted to manufacture 1 ton of natural fiber are much lower as compared to synthetics fibers. Production of wool fiber uses lower energy and has lower carbon footprint as compared to cotton fibers.
More
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/909
https://news.1rj.ru/str/WWFFacts/187
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/911