There are only two ways to decrease the impact: by decreasing the temperature from 40 °C to 30 °C and by filling the washing machine to its full load instead of running it half-full. Thus, if the t-shirt is washed at 30 °C within a full washing machine, the environmental impact would decrease further.
According to the results, the consumer should follow the following principles: (1) quality over quantity (in order to increase the t-shirt's lifetime and thus favoring consumption reduction); (2) a fuller washing machine is better; (3) avoiding the tumbler and favoring air-drying; and (4) the lower the washing temperature, the better.
It was observed that a washing temperature of 40°C instead of 60°C could cut the carbon footprint of the use phase by 45% and 30°C instead of 40°C by 40%.
It can be noticed that wool ber consumes lower energy and also leads to lower carbon footprint than the other listed fibers, except hemp fibers, which have the lowest carbon footprint.
Electrical energy is one of the major energy consumption sectors in the textile industry, and electrical energy is spent for driving machinery, cooling, temperature control, lighting, and of ce equipment. Among the various textile industries, the spinning industry takes the major share of electricity with 41%, followed by weaving and wet processing units.
However, energy used and CO2 emitted to manufacture 1 ton of natural fiber are much lower as compared to synthetics fibers. Production of wool fiber uses lower energy and has lower carbon footprint as compared to cotton fibers.
More
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/909
https://news.1rj.ru/str/WWFFacts/187
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/911
According to the results, the consumer should follow the following principles: (1) quality over quantity (in order to increase the t-shirt's lifetime and thus favoring consumption reduction); (2) a fuller washing machine is better; (3) avoiding the tumbler and favoring air-drying; and (4) the lower the washing temperature, the better.
It was observed that a washing temperature of 40°C instead of 60°C could cut the carbon footprint of the use phase by 45% and 30°C instead of 40°C by 40%.
It can be noticed that wool ber consumes lower energy and also leads to lower carbon footprint than the other listed fibers, except hemp fibers, which have the lowest carbon footprint.
Electrical energy is one of the major energy consumption sectors in the textile industry, and electrical energy is spent for driving machinery, cooling, temperature control, lighting, and of ce equipment. Among the various textile industries, the spinning industry takes the major share of electricity with 41%, followed by weaving and wet processing units.
However, energy used and CO2 emitted to manufacture 1 ton of natural fiber are much lower as compared to synthetics fibers. Production of wool fiber uses lower energy and has lower carbon footprint as compared to cotton fibers.
More
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/909
https://news.1rj.ru/str/WWFFacts/187
https://news.1rj.ru/str/FoodWasteTelegram/132
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/911
Whereas Swedish consumers, on average, report the lowest purchasing frequency for both jeans and t-shirts, US and Polish consumers are responsible for the highest production- induced impacts from jeans and t-shirts, respectively.
We further show that the greater importance of the use phase in the US is driven both by more carbon-intensive energy grids (relative to Germany and Sweden) and more frequent washing and drying!
In fact, by hypothetically transferring the washing and drying patterns of Swedish consumers to the US context, we observe that these behaviors induce a 64% lower impact than those of the average US consumer, thereby highlighting the significance of washing and drying behavior in countries with carbon-intensive energy grids.
The number of wears before washing (see Table 5) − which varies from 3.5 (1.8) in the US to 12.2 (2.6) in Sweden for jeans (t-shirts).
We estimated a potential GHG saving of 5.9 million tonnes CO2−eq per year from switching all washes to 30 °C or lower.
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/919
Norway has the lowest emissions with 1.2 × 102 g CO2−eq/wash cycle and Poland has the highest emissions with 7.9 × 102 g CO2−eq/ wash cycle.
The population-weighted average life cycle GHG emissions in Europe are equal to 5.1 × 102 g CO2−eq/ wash cycle.
In the case all washes were done using the temperature category of 30 °C or lower, inter-country variability would be a factor of 4.5 and the population-weighted average life cycle GHG emissions in Europe would be 330 g CO2−eq/wash cycle. Given that the average GHG reduction potential of this scenario would be 177 g CO2−eq/wash cycle that implies a 35% reduction in the life cycle GHG footprint of clothes washing.
Remember that is important to consider how a country produce electricity!
So obviously nordic countries have better values
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/275
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/365
etc.
Turning down your laundry temperature can save up to 60% of the energy used in every wash https://perma.cc/A6HF-KQNY
We further show that the greater importance of the use phase in the US is driven both by more carbon-intensive energy grids (relative to Germany and Sweden) and more frequent washing and drying!
In fact, by hypothetically transferring the washing and drying patterns of Swedish consumers to the US context, we observe that these behaviors induce a 64% lower impact than those of the average US consumer, thereby highlighting the significance of washing and drying behavior in countries with carbon-intensive energy grids.
The number of wears before washing (see Table 5) − which varies from 3.5 (1.8) in the US to 12.2 (2.6) in Sweden for jeans (t-shirts).
We estimated a potential GHG saving of 5.9 million tonnes CO2−eq per year from switching all washes to 30 °C or lower.
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/919
Norway has the lowest emissions with 1.2 × 102 g CO2−eq/wash cycle and Poland has the highest emissions with 7.9 × 102 g CO2−eq/ wash cycle.
The population-weighted average life cycle GHG emissions in Europe are equal to 5.1 × 102 g CO2−eq/ wash cycle.
In the case all washes were done using the temperature category of 30 °C or lower, inter-country variability would be a factor of 4.5 and the population-weighted average life cycle GHG emissions in Europe would be 330 g CO2−eq/wash cycle. Given that the average GHG reduction potential of this scenario would be 177 g CO2−eq/wash cycle that implies a 35% reduction in the life cycle GHG footprint of clothes washing.
Remember that is important to consider how a country produce electricity!
So obviously nordic countries have better values
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/275
https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/365
etc.
Turning down your laundry temperature can save up to 60% of the energy used in every wash https://perma.cc/A6HF-KQNY
In 2020, nuclear power plants (almost 25%) and gas-fired power plants (21%) had the largest shares in electricity generation in the EU.
Wind turbines (14%), hydroelectric power plants (13%), and biofuels (6%) had the highest shares among renewable energy sources in the EU, while solar energy had the lowest share (5%).
Renewable energy sources contributed a total of 18.4% of the energy, with wind energy accounting for the highest share at 10% of the total production.
Photovoltaic energy played a minor role, contributing only 1.2% to the total production, despite nearly doubling in production in 2020.
The structure of electricity production in Poland at the end of 2020 was unfavorable for net-zero transitions, as over 70% of the energy was derived from coal.
When considering the sources of heating in households across the European Union, Poles predominantly rely on hard coal and other solid fuels. On average, coal accounted for only 2.5% of final energy consumption in the households in EU countries. However, this figure is elevated in four countries: Poland (24.6%), Ireland (11.6%), the Czech Republic (8.9%), and Bulgaria (4.2%).
According to the Ministry of Climate and Environment, hard coal is the primary source of energy for 3.8 million out of 15 million households in Poland.
Poland’s share of total greenhouse gas emissions in the EU was 12.6% in 2021, higher than the previous year (11%).
This placed Poland in second place, nearly tied with Italy and France, which had similar shares (around 11%).
Poland accounts for 87% of the coal burned in households in the EU, specifically in the small consumer sector.
In 2017, emissions related to buildings—mainly their heating and air-conditioning processes—accounted for 11% of Poland’s emissions (46 MtCO2 e). 84% came from the residential sector and 16% from the commercial sector.
Poland does not presently have a nuclear power plant.
Wind energy covered an average of 16% of the continent’s electricity needs.
More https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/519
Wind turbines (14%), hydroelectric power plants (13%), and biofuels (6%) had the highest shares among renewable energy sources in the EU, while solar energy had the lowest share (5%).
Renewable energy sources contributed a total of 18.4% of the energy, with wind energy accounting for the highest share at 10% of the total production.
Photovoltaic energy played a minor role, contributing only 1.2% to the total production, despite nearly doubling in production in 2020.
The structure of electricity production in Poland at the end of 2020 was unfavorable for net-zero transitions, as over 70% of the energy was derived from coal.
When considering the sources of heating in households across the European Union, Poles predominantly rely on hard coal and other solid fuels. On average, coal accounted for only 2.5% of final energy consumption in the households in EU countries. However, this figure is elevated in four countries: Poland (24.6%), Ireland (11.6%), the Czech Republic (8.9%), and Bulgaria (4.2%).
According to the Ministry of Climate and Environment, hard coal is the primary source of energy for 3.8 million out of 15 million households in Poland.
Poland’s share of total greenhouse gas emissions in the EU was 12.6% in 2021, higher than the previous year (11%).
This placed Poland in second place, nearly tied with Italy and France, which had similar shares (around 11%).
Poland accounts for 87% of the coal burned in households in the EU, specifically in the small consumer sector.
In 2017, emissions related to buildings—mainly their heating and air-conditioning processes—accounted for 11% of Poland’s emissions (46 MtCO2 e). 84% came from the residential sector and 16% from the commercial sector.
Poland does not presently have a nuclear power plant.
Wind energy covered an average of 16% of the continent’s electricity needs.
More https://news.1rj.ru/str/EnergyFactsTelegram/519
Forwarded from Government Debt - Staatsschulden / Schulden - Deuda gubernamental - Dívida Governamental - Dette gouvernementale - Debito
A 17.5 billion euro EU "just transition fund" is designed to support communities affected by the shift away from fossil fuels, notably with help for retraining workers. The biggest share of that fund is earmarked for Poland https://perma.cc/98PY-G4HY
Poland files lawsuit against key EU climate policies https://perma.cc/RM3T-MZ9N
But Warsaw is contesting those laws, now aiming to overthrow some of them in court – including the hard-won agreement on banning the sale of new combustion engine cars by 2035 ...
while Poland is one of the worst country about climate change
Poles are less concerned about climate change than their fellow Europeans https://perma.cc/4887-V9DJ
EU leaders have agreed on a more ambitious goal for cutting greenhouse gases - reducing them by 55% by 2030, rather than 40%.
Poland, heavily reliant on coal, won a pledge of EU funding to help it transition to clean energy https://perma.cc/VU6Z-EJ3W
From coal to consensus: Poland’s energy transition and its European future https://perma.cc/P95H-BTTT
‘Climate crisis fuelled by PGE’. Poland opens new coal power plant https://perma.cc/X623-N96J
Greenpeace Poland has sued the biggest CO2 emitter in the country, PGE GiEK, a company belonging to PGE group – an owner of i.a. coal power plants and coal mines in Bełchatów and Turów https://perma.cc/YS3Z-URZZ
Poland: CO2 Country Profile https://perma.cc/796P-D4DT
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/937
The country generates 10.5% of the EU's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions were stable over the 2005-2019 period, with only small annual variations.
In 2019, Polish per capita emissions were at an average of 10.4 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), a figure that was above the EU average of 8.4 tonnes and the eighth highest.
US offers Poland rare loan of $2 billion to modernize its military https://perma.cc/ZTD4-2HXC
Poland estimates its aid for Ukraine at EUR 6.4 bln, in 2022 alone https://perma.cc/M5ZG-EMMZ
Previous post
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DebtTelegram/307
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DebtTelegram/297
Poland files lawsuit against key EU climate policies https://perma.cc/RM3T-MZ9N
But Warsaw is contesting those laws, now aiming to overthrow some of them in court – including the hard-won agreement on banning the sale of new combustion engine cars by 2035 ...
while Poland is one of the worst country about climate change
Poles are less concerned about climate change than their fellow Europeans https://perma.cc/4887-V9DJ
EU leaders have agreed on a more ambitious goal for cutting greenhouse gases - reducing them by 55% by 2030, rather than 40%.
Poland, heavily reliant on coal, won a pledge of EU funding to help it transition to clean energy https://perma.cc/VU6Z-EJ3W
From coal to consensus: Poland’s energy transition and its European future https://perma.cc/P95H-BTTT
‘Climate crisis fuelled by PGE’. Poland opens new coal power plant https://perma.cc/X623-N96J
Greenpeace Poland has sued the biggest CO2 emitter in the country, PGE GiEK, a company belonging to PGE group – an owner of i.a. coal power plants and coal mines in Bełchatów and Turów https://perma.cc/YS3Z-URZZ
Poland: CO2 Country Profile https://perma.cc/796P-D4DT
https://news.1rj.ru/str/PollutionFacts/937
The country generates 10.5% of the EU's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Emissions were stable over the 2005-2019 period, with only small annual variations.
In 2019, Polish per capita emissions were at an average of 10.4 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), a figure that was above the EU average of 8.4 tonnes and the eighth highest.
US offers Poland rare loan of $2 billion to modernize its military https://perma.cc/ZTD4-2HXC
Poland estimates its aid for Ukraine at EUR 6.4 bln, in 2022 alone https://perma.cc/M5ZG-EMMZ
Previous post
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DebtTelegram/307
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DebtTelegram/297