🗿 Researchers have determined that the columns were created by cold water percolating down into — and steam rising up out of — hot volcanic ash spewed by a cataclysmic explosion 760,000 years ago. “These columns are spectacular products of a natural experiment in the physics of hydrothermal convection,” Noah Randolph-Flagg, 25, a Ph.D. candidate and lead author of the study, said in an interview.

The blast, 2,000 times larger than the 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens created the Long Valley Caldera, a massive 10-by-2-mile sink that includes the Mammoth Lakes area. It also covered much of the eastern Sierra Nevada range with a coarse volcanic tuff, or ash fall.

👨‍🔬 Randolph-Flagg said researchers not only discovered the origin of the columns but also learned a great deal about the surrounding landscape. “They have a lot to tell us about what the region was like before and after the caldera exploded, and about how volcanoes can change the local climate,” he said.

The columns began forming as snowmelt seeped into the still-hot tuff. The water boiled, creating “evenly spaced convection cells similar to heat pipes,” according to the study to be presented next month in San Francisco at an American Geophysical Union meeting, the world’s largest conference in geophysical sciences. Analyses by X-rays and electronic microscopes of samples of the columns found that tiny spaces in these convection pipes were cemented into place by erosion-resistant minerals.

Randolph-Flagg estimated that as many as 5,000 columns exist within a 2-to-3 square-mile area east of the lake. They appear in clusters and are diverse in size and shape.

Did you know? 🎓

Biden: "And then the Russians say to me, 'You keep expanding NATO, we're going to make friends with China. I almost burst out laughing, I could barely contain myself, I said 'good luck to you guys. If China doesn't work out, try Iran". 😂

Texas A&M Baseball Player Shot In The Chest During Game, Police Say https://breaking911.com/texas-am-baseball-player-shot-in-the-chest-during-game-police-say/

ICYMI — Tucker Carlson says that no one cares if you’re a flat earther, but if you question what happened to Building 7 on 9/11 live on television you’ll lose your job.

"One of the leading ideas to explain why so few people are left-handed is the fighting hypothesis. It suggests that left-handers have an advantage in combat, but it comes with a hit to overall health.

"A team of researchers recently proposed an update to the hypothesis. They say that right-handers actually have a greater fighting advantage, because wielding a pointy weapon with one's right hand makes the heart harder to stab during combat. 
Based on this revision, the authors predict that left-handedness could increase in the population over time."


https://bigthink.com/the-past/why-most-people-right-handed/

🇺🇸 NYT: The defunct US First Republic Bank (FRB) was taken over by the regulator and sold to JPMorgan Chase & Co.

The publication writes that this was a move aimed at curbing the two-month banking crisis that shook the US financial system. FRB, whose assets were hit by rising interest rates, struggled to survive after the collapse of two other major banks two months ago.

I was delighted a reader picked up on the Easter egg in the last episode about Lord Feverstone of N.I.C.E. from C.S. Lewis's That Hideous Strength. More about why his story has never been more relevant, here:

https://cynthiachung.substack.com/p/that-hideous-strength-a-tale-of-transhumanism?publication_id=309240&post_id=114317361&isFreemail=true

How to improve your crime statistics in one fell swoop:

Burglaries of outbuildings such as sheds, garages or offices will no longer be considered 'raids on the home' - as critics warn policy change will lead to fewer break-ins being solved
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12032129/Defining-shed-burglaries-differently-raids-home-lead-fewer-break-ins-solved.html

Powdered sugar is highly flammable, so take care when you make a birthday cake

[read more: https://t.co/sNAYBqmugp]
[video:
https://t.co/LcoxpNVXDf]


👤 Massimo

👨🏿‍🔬 Goosebumps are a universal physical phenomenon induced by thrills and chills. The hair-raising experience is a result of adrenaline stimulating minuscule muscles that pull at the roots of our arm hairs — in turn, making us bristle with bumps. This happens when we’re cold, when we’re emotional and, according to a pre-print paper released in PeerJ, when some people just feel like it.

The ability to create goosebumps at will is called “voluntary piloerection.” It is very rarely documented: There are only three single-individual case studies published about people with this talent, and scientists don’t have a clue how to explain it.

Did you know? 🎓

Brazil Unblocks Telegram

A Brazilian judge on Saturday suspended an injunction that blocked the Telegram messaging app across the entire country. The service was stopped after the Brazilian authorities requested user data on alleged neo-Nazi criminals, which the company says is impossible to provide.

In a ruling published on Saturday, a federal judge in Espirito Santo declared that “it is not reasonable” to restrict the “freedom of communication of thousands of people” who have nothing to do with the criminal case being investigated, G1 news reported.

Google, Apple, and four Brazilian telecom companies were ordered by a Brazilian court last week to remove Telegram from their app stores and block access to the platform after the company failed to turn over data on the administrators of a neo-Nazi group chat to investigators. 

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Club of Rome - UN Agenda 2030

JUST IN - United States ends travel ban for unvaccinated international travelers as well as vaccine requirements for federal employees and contractors on May 11.

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/05/01/the-biden-administration-will-end-covid-19-vaccination-requirements-for-federal-employees-contractors-international-travelers-head-start-educators-and-cms-certified-facilities/

@disclosetv

The Ukrainian "Center for countering disinformation" has compiled a list of American citizens who "contributed to Russian propaganda."

▪️Former representative of Hawaii Tulsi Gabbard and journalist Glenn Greenwald, who claimed the presence of American biological laboratories in Ukraine. The Ukrainian authorities refute this information to this day.

▪️Retired US Army Colonel Douglas McGregor, who said Zelensky was a "puppet". According to him, the President of Ukraine "exposed a huge number of his own population to unnecessary risk" by refusing to give in to the demands of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

▪️Academic John Mearsheimer, who gave a lecture ennoscriptd "Why is the West to blame in Ukraine?". In it, he argued that NATO and the EU dragged Ukraine into conflict with Russia, teasing the possibility of membership, but not even intending to grant it.

▪️Military historian Edward Luttwak, who in April 2022 called for a peace agreement and holding referendums in Donbass on joining Russia.

My current state

Even sheep can be dangerous if they get mad enough.

Jesse Watters: “It’s Never Been More Clear. Epstein Was an Intelligence Asset. Not Only Was He Working with the CIA, Israeli Intelligence, Maybe Even Russian”

@dailyrealtimenews

https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2023/05/jesse-watters-its-never-been-more-clear-epstein-was-an-intelligence-asset-not-only-was-he-working-with-the-cia-israeli-intelligence-maybe-even-russian-video/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=jesse-watters-its-never-been-more-clear-epstein-was-an-intelligence-asset-not-only-was-he-working-with-the-cia-israeli-intelligence-maybe-even-russian-video

🇰🇷 Technology company Samsung threatens to fire employees that use AI chatbots, such as ChatGPT and Google Bard, under new rules adopted to combat internal security risks.

🌍 @European_Insider | 🕊 Retweet

Jacob's ladder

The apparatus consists of a high voltage power supply and two electrodes arranged in a vertical plane at an angle to each other.

During operation it is possible to observe the formation and movement of an electric arc from the bottom to the top of the electrodes. That effect is explained by the fact that the arc consists of plasma heated to 5000-7000°C, it warms the air around itself and rises up, pulling the arc cord behind it.