"The divine Mind has distributed different guardians and different cults to different cities. As souls are separately given to infants as they are born, so to peoples the genius of their destiny. Here comes in the proof from advantage, which most of all vouches to man for the gods. For, since our reason is wholly clouded, whence does the knowledge of the gods more rightly come to us, than from the memory and evidence of prosperity? Now if a long period gives authority to religious customs, we ought to keep faith with so many centuries, and to follow our ancestors, as they happily followed theirs."
Symmachus, Relationes ("Symmachus' letter on behalf of the Senate, petitioning the three emperors") 3.8
Symmachus, Relationes ("Symmachus' letter on behalf of the Senate, petitioning the three emperors") 3.8
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"O Ceres and Libera, whose sacred worship, as the opinions and religious belief of all men agree, is contained in the most important and most abstruse mysteries; You, by whom the principles of life and food, the examples of laws, customs, humanity, and refinement are said to have been given and distributed to nations and to cities; You, whose sacred rites the Roman people has received from the Greeks and adopted, and now preserves with such religious awe, both publicly and privately, that they seem not to have been introduced from other nations, but rather to have been transmitted from hence to other nations. You, again and again I implore and appeal to, most holy Goddesses, who dwell around those lakes and groves of Enna, and who preside over all Sicily,… You whose invention and gift of corn, which You have distributed over the whole earth, inspires all nations and all races of men with reverence for Your divine power;–And all the other Gods, and all the Goddesses, do I implore and entreat."
Cicero, In C. Verrem IV.72 187-8
Cicero, In C. Verrem IV.72 187-8
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Forwarded from The Classical Wisdom Tradition
Perhaps one who is truly a man should stop thinking about how long he will live. He should not be attached to life but should commit these concerns to the god and believe the women who say that not one single person can escape fate. He should thereupon give consideration to how he might live the part of his life still before him as well as possible.
Plato, Gorgias, 512e
Plato, Gorgias, 512e
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Forwarded from The Classical Wisdom Tradition
Once we are in a position to display the full wealth of our tradition, many Catholics and other Christians will convert as they realize that so much of what they appreciated in Christianity was in fact pagan, and that there is no need to obfuscate and distort pagan truths with useless Judaic accretions.
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"Holy is god, father of all;
Holy is god, whose counsel is done by his own powers;
Holy is god, who wishes to be known and is known by his own people;
Holy are you, who by the word have constituted all things that are;
Holy are you, from whom all nature was born as an image;
Holy are you, of whom nature has not made a like figure;
Holy are you, who are stronger than every power;
Holy are you, who surpass every excellence;
Holy are you, mightier than praises.
You whom we address in silence, the unspeakable, the unsayable, accept pure speech offerings from a heart and soul that reach up to you. Grant my request not to fail in the knowledge that befits our essence; give me power; and with this gift I shall enlighten those who are in ignorance, brothers of my race, but your sons."
Corpus Hermeticum 1.31-32
Holy is god, whose counsel is done by his own powers;
Holy is god, who wishes to be known and is known by his own people;
Holy are you, who by the word have constituted all things that are;
Holy are you, from whom all nature was born as an image;
Holy are you, of whom nature has not made a like figure;
Holy are you, who are stronger than every power;
Holy are you, who surpass every excellence;
Holy are you, mightier than praises.
You whom we address in silence, the unspeakable, the unsayable, accept pure speech offerings from a heart and soul that reach up to you. Grant my request not to fail in the knowledge that befits our essence; give me power; and with this gift I shall enlighten those who are in ignorance, brothers of my race, but your sons."
Corpus Hermeticum 1.31-32
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"For he who pays attention to his soul alone, but neglects the body, does not purify the whole man. Conversely, he who thinks he must care for the body apart from the soul or that the treatments of the body will accomplish anything for the soul, if the soul is in no wise being purified in itself, makes entirely the same mistake. But he who continues properly with both becomes wholly perfected. Accordingly, philosophy has been joined to the art of sacred rites, on the grounds that this art engages in the purification of the luminous body. ...
By the operation of telestic [or theurgical] rites I mean the power of purifying the luminous [body], so that, of philosophy taken as a whole, the contemplative part, as intellect, takes the lead, and the practical part, as power, follows. Of the practical we should posit two kinds, the civic and the telestic: the former purifies us of the irrational through the virtues, the latter cuts off our materially based imaginations through the methods of sacred rites. Evidence of a not insignificant kind for civic philosophy is provided by the commonly established laws, and for telestic philosophy by the sacred rites of the city-states. The contemplative intellect is the summit of the whole of philosophy, the civic is intermediate, and the telestic is third."
Hierocles of Alexandria, Commentary on the Golden Verses 26.24-27 [emphasis mine]
By the operation of telestic [or theurgical] rites I mean the power of purifying the luminous [body], so that, of philosophy taken as a whole, the contemplative part, as intellect, takes the lead, and the practical part, as power, follows. Of the practical we should posit two kinds, the civic and the telestic: the former purifies us of the irrational through the virtues, the latter cuts off our materially based imaginations through the methods of sacred rites. Evidence of a not insignificant kind for civic philosophy is provided by the commonly established laws, and for telestic philosophy by the sacred rites of the city-states. The contemplative intellect is the summit of the whole of philosophy, the civic is intermediate, and the telestic is third."
Hierocles of Alexandria, Commentary on the Golden Verses 26.24-27 [emphasis mine]
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"It is likely that those who established the mystic rites for us were not inferior persons but were speaking in riddles long ago when they said that whoever arrives in the underworld uninitiated and unsanctified will wallow in the mire, whereas he who arrives there purified and initiated will dwell with the gods. There are indeed, as those concerned with the mysteries say, many who carry the thyrsus but the Bacchants are few. These latter are, in my opinion, no other than those who have practiced philosophy in the right way."
Plato, Phaedo 69c-d
Plato, Phaedo 69c-d
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"For the same thing both can be thought and can be."
Parmenides, fr. DK 28B3
Parmenides, fr. DK 28B3
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"Those who, by inhaling, drive out the soul, are free."
The Chaldean Oracles, fr. 124
The Chaldean Oracles, fr. 124
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"As to exposing or rearing the children born, let there be a law that no deformed child shall be reared; but on the ground of number of children, if the regular customs hinder any of those born being exposed, there must be a limit fixed to the procreation of offspring, and if any people have a child as a result of intercourse in contravention of these regulations, abortion must be practised on it before it has developed sensation and life; for the line between lawful and unlawful abortion will be marked by the fact of having sensation and being alive."
Aristotle, Politics 7.16
Aristotle, Politics 7.16
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"But a controversy has arisen. For one party banishes abortives, citing the testimony of Hippocrates who says: 'I will give to no one an abortive'; moreover, because it is the specific task of medicine to guard and preserve what has been engendered by nature. The other party prescribes abortives, but with discrimination, that is, they do not prescribe them when a person wishes to destroy the embryo because of adultery or out of consideration for youthful beauty; but only to prevent subsequent danger in parturition if the uterus is small and not capable of accommodating the complete development, or if the uterus at its orifice has knobby swellings and fissures, or if some similar difficulty is involved. And they say the same about contraceptives as well, and we too agree with them."
Soranus, Gynecology 1.60
Soranus, Gynecology 1.60
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"Unchastity, the greatest evil of our time, has never classed you with the great majority of women; jewels have not moved you, nor pearls; to your eyes the glitter of riches has not seemed the greatest boon of the human race; you, who were soundly trained in an old-fashioned and strict household, have not been perverted by the imitation of worse women that leads even the virtuous into pitfalls; you have never blushed for the number of your children, as if it taunted you with your years, never have you, in the manner of other women whose only recommendation lies in their beauty, tried to conceal your pregnancy as if an unseemly burden, nor have you ever crushed the hope of children that were being nurtured in your body; you have not defiled your face with paints and cosmetics; never have you fancied the kind of dress that exposed no greater nakedness by being removed. In you has been seen that peerless ornament, that fairest beauty on which time lays no hand, that chiefest glory which is modesty."
Seneca, To Helvia On Consolation 16 [emphasis mine]
Seneca, To Helvia On Consolation 16 [emphasis mine]
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Forwarded from Survive the Jive: All-feed
Something that fizeek posters may miss about the classical celebration of physical beauty, is that it was not entirely a material physical appreciation. The notion of ideal proportions of the body was connected to the Pythagorean concept of divine proportions in general. The perfect physical specimen is beautiful because it more perfectly embodies divinity itself.
https://youtu.be/zojMBDSiNIU
https://youtu.be/zojMBDSiNIU
YouTube
Polykleitos's Doryphoros, ideal beauty in ancient Greece
Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear-Bearer) , Classical Period, Roman marble copy after a Greek bronze original from c. 450-440 BCE (Museo Archaeologico Nazionale, Naples)
Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris
Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris
I'm aware of two well-attested methods of divination using Homer and Virgil.
For Homer, three six-sided dice are thrown - 216 possible outcomes - and each possible roll is associated with one verse from the Iliad or the Odyssey. We are lucky that most of the verses were preserved in Greek Magical Papyri 7.1-148. (Or you can find them online here: https://www.hellenion.org/homericoracle/.) This Homeric oracle can be used to receive guidance on personal matters.
For Virgil, there was a common practice of seeking advice or prediction from the Aeneid, called Sortes Vergilianae (Lots of Virgil). This was done simply by opening the book up at random. There's some evidence that the works of Homer were used in the same manner, but it seems to have been more common to use Virgil.
For Homer, three six-sided dice are thrown - 216 possible outcomes - and each possible roll is associated with one verse from the Iliad or the Odyssey. We are lucky that most of the verses were preserved in Greek Magical Papyri 7.1-148. (Or you can find them online here: https://www.hellenion.org/homericoracle/.) This Homeric oracle can be used to receive guidance on personal matters.
For Virgil, there was a common practice of seeking advice or prediction from the Aeneid, called Sortes Vergilianae (Lots of Virgil). This was done simply by opening the book up at random. There's some evidence that the works of Homer were used in the same manner, but it seems to have been more common to use Virgil.
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"It was customary for the Pythagoreans to revere the maker and father of this universe by the name of Zeus. Since through him all things exist and live, it is right that he should be named after his activity."
Hierocles, Commentary on the Golden Verses 25.1
Hierocles, Commentary on the Golden Verses 25.1
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The Classical Wisdom Tradition
"It was customary for the Pythagoreans to revere the maker and father of this universe by the name of Zeus. Since through him all things exist and live, it is right that he should be named after his activity." Hierocles, Commentary on the Golden Verses 25.1
The second sentence of this quote is a little confusing in English translation. Hierocles is playing on the similarity of the name Zeus to the Greek words for "live" and "through him."
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"So then, by engulfing Erikepaios the Firstborn [i.e., Phanes],
He had the body of all things in his belly,
And he mixed into his own limbs the god's power and strength.
Because of this, together with him, everything came to be again inside Zeus,
The broad air and the lofty splendor of heaven,
The undraining sea and earth's glorious seat,
Great Oceanus and the lowest Tartara of the earth,
Rivers and boundless sea and everything else,
And all the immortal blessed gods and goddesses,
All that had existed and all that was to exist afterwards
Became one and grew together in the belly of Zeus."
Orphic fragment 167
He had the body of all things in his belly,
And he mixed into his own limbs the god's power and strength.
Because of this, together with him, everything came to be again inside Zeus,
The broad air and the lofty splendor of heaven,
The undraining sea and earth's glorious seat,
Great Oceanus and the lowest Tartara of the earth,
Rivers and boundless sea and everything else,
And all the immortal blessed gods and goddesses,
All that had existed and all that was to exist afterwards
Became one and grew together in the belly of Zeus."
Orphic fragment 167
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"When Dionysus had projected his reflection into the mirror, he followed it and was thus scattered over the universe. Apollo gathers him and brings him back to heaven, for he is the purifying God and truly the savior of Dionysus, and therefore he is celebrated as the 'Dionysus-Giver'.
Like Kore, the soul descends into genesis, like Dionysus she is scattered by generation, like Prometheus and the Titans she is chained to the body. She frees herself by acquiring the strength of Hercules, gathers herself together through the help of Apollo and of Athena the Savior, i.e. by truly purifying philosophy, and she elevates herself to the causes of her being with Demeter."
Damascius, Commentary on Plato's Phaedo 1.129-130
Like Kore, the soul descends into genesis, like Dionysus she is scattered by generation, like Prometheus and the Titans she is chained to the body. She frees herself by acquiring the strength of Hercules, gathers herself together through the help of Apollo and of Athena the Savior, i.e. by truly purifying philosophy, and she elevates herself to the causes of her being with Demeter."
Damascius, Commentary on Plato's Phaedo 1.129-130
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Forwarded from The Classical Wisdom Tradition
Those who do not punish bad men are really wishing that good men be injured.
Pythagoras, quoted by Stobaeus
Pythagoras, quoted by Stobaeus
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