🚀 Planning to study abroad in 2025?

Join this free webinar session to get a complete roadmap—applications, scholarships, and more!

Interested?

Register now!👇👇
https://gfgcdn.com/tu/U8n/

Q1: How would you handle real-time data streaming for analyzing user listening patterns?

Ans: I'd use platforms like Apache Kafka for real-time data ingestion. Using Python, I'd process this stream to identify real-time patterns and store aggregated data for further analysis.

Q2: Describe a situation where you had to use time series analysis to forecast a trend.

Ans: I analyzed monthly active users to forecast future growth. Using Python's statsmodels, I applied ARIMA modeling to the time series data and provided a forecast for the next six months.

Q3: How would you segment and analyze user behavior based on their music preferences?

Ans: I'd cluster users based on their listening history using unsupervised machine learning techniques like K-means clustering. This would help in creating personalized playlists or recommendations.

Q4: How do you handle missing or incomplete data in user listening logs?

Ans: I'd use imputation methods based on the nature of the missing data. For instance, if a user's listening time is missing, I might impute it based on their average listening time or use collaborative filtering methods to estimate it based on similar users.

SQL Interview Questions

1. How would you find duplicate records in SQL?
2.What are various types of SQL joins?
3.What is a trigger in SQL?
4.What are different DDL,DML commands in SQL?
5.What is difference between Delete, Drop and Truncate?
6.What is difference between Union and Union all?
7.Which command give Unique values?
8. What is the difference between Where and Having Clause?
9.Give the execution of keywords in SQL?
10. What is difference between IN and BETWEEN Operator?
11. What is primary and Foreign key?
12. What is an aggregate Functions?
13. What is the difference between Rank and Dense Rank?
14. List the ACID Properties and explain what they are?
15. What is the difference between % and _ in like operator?
16. What does CTE stands for?
17. What is database?what is DBMS?What is RDMS?
18.What is Alias in SQL?
19. What is Normalisation?Describe various form?
20. How do you sort the results of a query?
21. Explain the types of Window functions?
22. What is limit and offset?
23. What is candidate key?
24. Describe various types of Alter command?
25. What is Cartesian product?

Like this post if you need more content like this ❤️

Someone asked me today if they need to learn Python & Data Structures to become a data analyst. What's the right time to start applying for data analyst interview?

I think this is the common question which many of the other freshers might think of. So, I think it's better to answer it here for everyone's benefit.

The right time to start applying for data analyst positions depends on a few factors:

1. Skills and Experience: Ensure you have the necessary skills (e.g., SQL, Excel, Python/R, data visualization tools like Power BI or Tableau) and some relevant experience, whether through projects, internships, or previous jobs.

2. Preparation: Make sure your resume and LinkedIn profile are updated, and you have a portfolio showcasing your projects and skills. It's also important to prepare for common interview questions and case studies.

3. Job Market: Pay attention to the job market trends. Certain times of the year, like the beginning and middle of the fiscal year, might have more openings due to budget cycles.

4. Personal Readiness: Consider your current situation, including any existing commitments or obligations. You should be able to dedicate time to the job search process.

Generally, a good time to start applying is around 3-6 months before you aim to start a new job. This gives you ample time to go through the application process, which can include multiple interview rounds and potentially some waiting periods.

Also, if you know SQL & have a decent data portfolio, then you don't need to worry much on Python & Data Structures. It's good if you know these but they are not mandatory. You can still confidently apply for data analyst positions without being an expert in Python or data structures. Focus on highlighting your current skills along with hands-on projects in your resume.

Hope it helps :)

Goldman Sachs senior data analyst interview asked questions

SQL

1 find avg of salaries department wise from table
2 Write a SQL query to see employee name and manager name using a self-join on 'employees' table with columns 'emp_id', 'name', and 'manager_id'.
3 newest joinee for every department (solved using lead lag)

POWER BI

1. What does Filter context in DAX mean?
2. Explain how to implement Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI.
3. Describe different types of filters in Power BI.
4. Explain the difference between 'ALL' and 'ALLSELECTED' in DAX.
5. How do you calculate the total sales for a specific product using DAX?

PYTHON

1. Create a dictionary, add elements to it, modify an element, and then print the dictionary in alphabetical order of keys.
2. Find unique values in a list of assorted numbers and print the count of how many times each value is repeated.
3. Find and print duplicate values in a list of assorted numbers, along with the number of times each value is repeated.

I have curated best 80+ top-notch Data Analytics Resources 👇👇
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DataSimplifier

Hope this helps you 😊

For a data analytics interview, focusing on key SQL topics can be crucial. Here's a list of last-minute SQL topics to revise:

1. SQL Basics:
• SELECT statements: Syntax, SELECT DISTINCT
• WHERE clause: Conditions and operators (>, <, =, LIKE, IN, BETWEEN)
• ORDER BY clause: Sorting results
• LIMIT clause: Limiting the number of rows returned

2. Joins:
• INNER JOIN
• LEFT (OUTER) JOIN
• RIGHT (OUTER) JOIN
• FULL (OUTER) JOIN
• CROSS JOIN
• Understanding join conditions and scenarios for each type of join

3. Aggregation and Grouping:
• GROUP BY clause
• HAVING clause: Filtering grouped results
• Aggregate functions: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX

4. Subqueries:
• Nested subqueries: Using subqueries in SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and HAVING clauses
• Correlated subqueries

5. Common Table Expressions (CTEs):
• Syntax and use cases for CTEs (WITH clause)

6. Window Functions:
• ROW_NUMBER()
• RANK()
• DENSE_RANK()
• LEAD() and LAG()
• PARTITION BY clause

7. Data Manipulation:
• INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements
• Understanding transaction control with COMMIT and ROLLBACK

8. Data Definition:
• CREATE TABLE
• ALTER TABLE
• DROP TABLE
• Constraints: PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL

9. Indexing:
• Purpose and types of indexes
• How indexing affects query performance

10. Performance Optimization:
• Understanding query execution plans
• Identifying and resolving common performance issues

11. SQL Functions:
• String functions: CONCAT, SUBSTRING, LENGTH
• Date functions: DATEADD, DATEDIFF, GETDATE
• Mathematical functions: ROUND, CEILING, FLOOR

12. Stored Procedures and Triggers:
• Basics of writing and using stored procedures
• Basics of writing and using triggers

13. ETL (Extract, Transform, Load):
• Understanding the process and SQL's role in ETL operations

14. Advanced Topics (if time permits):
• Understanding complex data types (JSON, XML)
• Working with large datasets and big data considerations

Hope it helps :)

Starting as a data analyst is a great first step in your career. As you grow, you might discover new interests:

• If you love working with statistics and machine learning, you could move into Data Science.

• If you're excited by building data systems and pipelines, Data Engineering might be your next step.

• If you're more interested in understanding the business side, you could become a Business Analyst.

Even if you decide to stay in your data analyst role, there's always something new to learn, especially with advancements in AI.

There are many paths to explore, but what's important is taking that first step.

I have curated best 80+ top-notch Data Analytics Resources 👇👇
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DataSimplifier

Hope this helps you 😊

Essential Power BI Interview Questions for Data Analysts:

🔹 Basic Power BI Concepts:

Define Power BI and its core components.

Differentiate between Power BI Desktop, Service, and Mobile.


🔹 Data Connectivity and Transformation:

Explain Power Query and its purpose in Power BI.

Describe common data sources that Power BI can connect to.


🔹 Data Modeling:

What is data modeling in Power BI, and why is it important?

Explain relationships in Power BI. How do one-to-many and many-to-many relationships work?


🔹 DAX (Data Analysis Expressions):

Define DAX and its importance in Power BI.

Write a DAX formula to calculate year-over-year growth.

Differentiate between calculated columns and measures.


🔹 Visualization:

Describe the types of visualizations available in Power BI.

How would you use slicers and filters to enhance user interaction?


🔹 Reports and Dashboards:

What is the difference between a Power BI report and a dashboard?

Explain the process of creating a dashboard in Power BI.


🔹 Publishing and Sharing:

How can you publish a Power BI report to the Power BI Service?

What are the options for sharing a report with others?


🔹 Row-Level Security (RLS):

Define Row-Level Security in Power BI and explain how to implement it.


🔹 Power BI Performance Optimization:

What techniques would you use to optimize a slow Power BI report?

Explain the role of aggregations and data reduction strategies.


🔹 Power BI Gateways:

Describe an on-premises data gateway and its purpose in Power BI.

How would you manage data refreshes with a gateway?


🔹 Advanced Power BI:

Explain incremental data refresh and how to set it up.

Discuss Power BI’s AI and Machine Learning capabilities.


🔹 Deployment Pipelines and Version Control:

How would you use deployment pipelines for development, testing, and production?

Explain version control best practices in Power BI.

I have curated the best interview resources to crack Power BI Interviews 👇👇
https://news.1rj.ru/str/DataSimplifier

You can find detailed answers here

Share with credits: https://news.1rj.ru/str/sqlspecialist

Hope it helps :)

1. Explain the concept of transfer learning in the context of deep learning models. How can it be beneficial in practical applications?

Ans- Transfer learning involves leveraging pre-trained models on large datasets and adapting them to new, related tasks with smaller datasets. In deep learning, this is achieved by reusing the knowledge gained during the training of one model on a different, but related, task. This is particularly beneficial when the new task has limited labeled data.

Practical applications include image recognition, where a model pre-trained on a dataset like ImageNet can be fine-tuned for a specific domain. Transfer learning accelerates model convergence, requires less labeled data, and helps overcome the challenges of training deep neural networks from scratch.

2. Given a large dataset, how would you efficiently sample a representative subset for model training? Discuss the trade-offs involved.

Answer- To efficiently sample a representative subset, one can use techniques like random sampling or stratified sampling. For random sampling, simple random sampling or systematic sampling methods can be employed. For stratified sampling, data is divided into strata, and samples are randomly selected from each stratum.

Trade-offs involve the choice between biased and unbiased sampling. Random sampling may not capture rare events, while stratified sampling might introduce complexity but ensures representation. The size of the sample is also crucial; a too-small sample may not be representative, while a too-large sample may incur unnecessary computational costs.

3. How would you approach analyzing A/B test results to determine the effectiveness of a new feature on a platform like Google Search?

Answer: A/B testing involves comparing the performance of two versions (A and B) to determine the impact of a change. To analyze A/B test results:

- Define Metrics: Clearly define key metrics (e.g., click-through rate, user engagement) before the test.
- Random Assignment: Ensure random assignment of users to control (A) and experimental (B) groups.
- Statistical Significance: Use statistical tests (e.g., t-test) to determine if differences between groups are statistically significant.
- Practical Significance: Consider the practical significance of results to assess real-world impact.
- Segmentation: Analyze results across different user segments for nuanced insights.


4. You have access to search query logs. How would you identify and address potential biases in the search results?

Answer: To identify and address biases in search results:

- Analyze Demographics: Examine user demographics to identify biases related to age, gender, or location.
- Query Intent: Understand user query intent and ensure diverse queries are well-represented.
- Evaluate Results: Assess the diversity of results to avoid favoring specific perspectives.
- User Feedback: Gather feedback from users to identify biased or inappropriate results.
- Continuous Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring and iterate on algorithms to minimize biases.

Top 8 Excel interview questions data analysts 👇👇

1. Advanced Formulas:
   - Can you explain the difference between VLOOKUP and INDEX-MATCH functions? When would you prefer one over the other?
   - How would you use the SUMIFS function to analyze data with multiple criteria?

2. Data Cleaning and Manipulation:
   - Describe a scenario where you had to clean and transform messy data in Excel. What techniques did you use?
   - How do you remove duplicates from a dataset, and what considerations should be taken into account?

3. Pivot Tables:
   - Explain the purpose of a pivot table. Provide an example of when you used a pivot table to derive meaningful insights.
   - What are slicers in a pivot table, and how can they be beneficial in data analysis?

4. Data Visualization:
   - Share your approach to creating effective charts and graphs in Excel to communicate data trends.
   - How would you use conditional formatting to highlight key information in a dataset?

5. Statistical Analysis:
   - Discuss a situation where you applied statistical analysis in Excel to draw conclusions from a dataset.
   - Explain the steps you would take to perform regression analysis in Excel.

6. Macros and Automation:
   - Have you ever used Excel macros to automate a repetitive task? If so, provide an example.
   - What are the potential risks and benefits of using macros in a data analysis workflow?

7. Data Validation:
   - How do you implement data validation in Excel, and why is it important in data analysis?
   - Can you give an example of when you used Excel's data validation to improve data accuracy?

8. Data Linking and External Data Sources:
   - Describe a situation where you had to link data from multiple Excel workbooks. How did you approach this task?
   - How would you import data from an external database into Excel for analysis?

ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍