𝗛𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗕𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗝𝗼𝗯-𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗦𝗰𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗰𝗵 (𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗶𝗳 𝗬𝗼𝘂’𝗿𝗲 𝗮 𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿!) 📊
Wanna break into data science but feel overwhelmed by too many courses, buzzwords, and conflicting advice? You’re not alone.
Here’s the truth: You don’t need a PhD or 10 certifications. You just need the right skills in the right order.
Let me show you a proven 5-step roadmap that actually works for landing data science roles (even entry-level) 👇
🔹 Step 1: Learn the Core Tools (This is Your Foundation)
Focus on 3 key tools first—don’t overcomplicate:
✅ Python – NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn
✅ SQL – Joins, Aggregations, Window Functions
✅ Excel – VLOOKUP, Pivot Tables, Data Cleaning
🔹 Step 2: Master Data Cleaning & EDA (Your Real-World Skill)
Real data is messy. Learn how to:
✅ Handle missing data, outliers, and duplicates
✅ Visualize trends using Matplotlib/Seaborn
✅ Use groupby(), merge(), and pivot_table()
🔹 Step 3: Learn ML Basics (No Fancy Math Needed)
Stick to core algorithms first:
✅ Linear & Logistic Regression
✅ Decision Trees & Random Forest
✅ KMeans Clustering + Model Evaluation Metrics
🔹 Step 4: Build Projects That Prove Your Skills
One strong project > 5 courses. Create:
✅ Sales Forecasting using Time Series
✅ Movie Recommendation System
✅ HR Analytics Dashboard using Python + Excel
📍 Upload them on GitHub. Add visuals, write a good README, and share on LinkedIn.
🔹 Step 5: Prep for the Job Hunt (Your Personal Brand Matters)
✅ Create a strong LinkedIn profile with keywords like “Aspiring Data Scientist | Python | SQL | ML”
✅ Add GitHub link + Highlight your Projects
✅ Follow Data Science mentors, engage with content, and network for referrals
🎯 No shortcuts. Just consistent baby steps.
Every pro data scientist once started as a beginner. Stay curious, stay consistent.
Free Data Science Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VauCKUI6WaKrgTHrRD0i
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
Wanna break into data science but feel overwhelmed by too many courses, buzzwords, and conflicting advice? You’re not alone.
Here’s the truth: You don’t need a PhD or 10 certifications. You just need the right skills in the right order.
Let me show you a proven 5-step roadmap that actually works for landing data science roles (even entry-level) 👇
🔹 Step 1: Learn the Core Tools (This is Your Foundation)
Focus on 3 key tools first—don’t overcomplicate:
✅ Python – NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn
✅ SQL – Joins, Aggregations, Window Functions
✅ Excel – VLOOKUP, Pivot Tables, Data Cleaning
🔹 Step 2: Master Data Cleaning & EDA (Your Real-World Skill)
Real data is messy. Learn how to:
✅ Handle missing data, outliers, and duplicates
✅ Visualize trends using Matplotlib/Seaborn
✅ Use groupby(), merge(), and pivot_table()
🔹 Step 3: Learn ML Basics (No Fancy Math Needed)
Stick to core algorithms first:
✅ Linear & Logistic Regression
✅ Decision Trees & Random Forest
✅ KMeans Clustering + Model Evaluation Metrics
🔹 Step 4: Build Projects That Prove Your Skills
One strong project > 5 courses. Create:
✅ Sales Forecasting using Time Series
✅ Movie Recommendation System
✅ HR Analytics Dashboard using Python + Excel
📍 Upload them on GitHub. Add visuals, write a good README, and share on LinkedIn.
🔹 Step 5: Prep for the Job Hunt (Your Personal Brand Matters)
✅ Create a strong LinkedIn profile with keywords like “Aspiring Data Scientist | Python | SQL | ML”
✅ Add GitHub link + Highlight your Projects
✅ Follow Data Science mentors, engage with content, and network for referrals
🎯 No shortcuts. Just consistent baby steps.
Every pro data scientist once started as a beginner. Stay curious, stay consistent.
Free Data Science Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VauCKUI6WaKrgTHrRD0i
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
👍5❤2
🔰 Data Science Roadmap for Beginners 2025
├── 📘 What is Data Science?
├── 🧠 Data Science vs Data Analytics vs Machine Learning
├── 🛠 Tools of the Trade (Python, R, Excel, SQL)
├── 🐍 Python for Data Science (NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib)
├── 🔢 Statistics & Probability Basics
├── 📊 Data Visualization (Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly)
├── 🧼 Data Cleaning & Preprocessing
├── 🧮 Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
├── 🧠 Introduction to Machine Learning
├── 📦 Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning
├── 🤖 Popular ML Algorithms (Linear Reg, KNN, Decision Trees)
├── 🧪 Model Evaluation (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 Score)
├── 🧰 Model Tuning (Cross Validation, Grid Search)
├── ⚙️ Feature Engineering
├── 🏗 Real-world Projects (Kaggle, UCI Datasets)
├── 📈 Basic Deployment (Streamlit, Flask, Heroku)
├── 🔁 Continuous Learning: Blogs, Research Papers, Competitions
Free Resources: https://news.1rj.ru/str/datalemur
Like for more ❤️
├── 📘 What is Data Science?
├── 🧠 Data Science vs Data Analytics vs Machine Learning
├── 🛠 Tools of the Trade (Python, R, Excel, SQL)
├── 🐍 Python for Data Science (NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib)
├── 🔢 Statistics & Probability Basics
├── 📊 Data Visualization (Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly)
├── 🧼 Data Cleaning & Preprocessing
├── 🧮 Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
├── 🧠 Introduction to Machine Learning
├── 📦 Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning
├── 🤖 Popular ML Algorithms (Linear Reg, KNN, Decision Trees)
├── 🧪 Model Evaluation (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 Score)
├── 🧰 Model Tuning (Cross Validation, Grid Search)
├── ⚙️ Feature Engineering
├── 🏗 Real-world Projects (Kaggle, UCI Datasets)
├── 📈 Basic Deployment (Streamlit, Flask, Heroku)
├── 🔁 Continuous Learning: Blogs, Research Papers, Competitions
Free Resources: https://news.1rj.ru/str/datalemur
Like for more ❤️
👍4❤1
🔰 Machine Learning Roadmap for Beginners 2025
├── 🧠 What is Machine Learning?
├── 🧪 ML vs AI vs Deep Learning
├── 🔢 Math Foundation (Linear Algebra, Calculus, Stats Basics)
├── 🐍 Python Libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn)
├── 📊 Data Preprocessing & Cleaning
├── 📉 Feature Selection & Engineering
├── 🧭 Supervised Learning (Regression, Classification)
├── 🧱 Unsupervised Learning (Clustering, Dimensionality Reduction)
├── 🕹 Model Evaluation (Confusion Matrix, ROC, AUC)
├── ⚙️ Model Tuning (Hyperparameter Tuning, Grid Search)
├── 🧰 Ensemble Methods (Bagging, Boosting, Random Forests)
├── 🔮 Introduction to Neural Networks
├── 🔁 Overfitting vs Underfitting
├── 📈 Model Deployment (Streamlit, Flask, FastAPI Basics)
├── 🧪 ML Projects (Classification, Forecasting, Recommender)
├── 🏆 ML Competitions (Kaggle, Hackathons)
Like for the detailed explanation ❤️
#machinelearning
├── 🧠 What is Machine Learning?
├── 🧪 ML vs AI vs Deep Learning
├── 🔢 Math Foundation (Linear Algebra, Calculus, Stats Basics)
├── 🐍 Python Libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn)
├── 📊 Data Preprocessing & Cleaning
├── 📉 Feature Selection & Engineering
├── 🧭 Supervised Learning (Regression, Classification)
├── 🧱 Unsupervised Learning (Clustering, Dimensionality Reduction)
├── 🕹 Model Evaluation (Confusion Matrix, ROC, AUC)
├── ⚙️ Model Tuning (Hyperparameter Tuning, Grid Search)
├── 🧰 Ensemble Methods (Bagging, Boosting, Random Forests)
├── 🔮 Introduction to Neural Networks
├── 🔁 Overfitting vs Underfitting
├── 📈 Model Deployment (Streamlit, Flask, FastAPI Basics)
├── 🧪 ML Projects (Classification, Forecasting, Recommender)
├── 🏆 ML Competitions (Kaggle, Hackathons)
Like for the detailed explanation ❤️
#machinelearning
❤7👍2
If I Were to Start My Data Science Career from Scratch, Here's What I Would Do 👇
1️⃣ Master Advanced SQL
Foundations: Learn database structures, tables, and relationships.
Basic SQL Commands: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, ORDER BY.
Aggregations: Get hands-on with SUM, COUNT, AVG, MIN, MAX, GROUP BY, and HAVING.
JOINs: Understand LEFT, RIGHT, INNER, OUTER, and CARTESIAN joins.
Advanced Concepts: CTEs, window functions, and query optimization.
Metric Development: Build and report metrics effectively.
2️⃣ Study Statistics & A/B Testing
Denoscriptive Statistics: Know your mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.
Distributions: Familiarize yourself with normal, Bernoulli, binomial, exponential, and uniform distributions.
Probability: Understand basic probability and Bayes' theorem.
Intro to ML: Start with linear regression, decision trees, and K-means clustering.
Experimentation Basics: T-tests, Z-tests, Type 1 & Type 2 errors.
A/B Testing: Design experiments—hypothesis formation, sample size calculation, and sample biases.
3️⃣ Learn Python for Data
Data Manipulation: Use pandas for data cleaning and manipulation.
Data Visualization: Explore matplotlib and seaborn for creating visualizations.
Hypothesis Testing: Dive into scipy for statistical testing.
Basic Modeling: Practice building models with scikit-learn.
4️⃣ Develop Product Sense
Product Management Basics: Manage projects and understand the product life cycle.
Data-Driven Strategy: Leverage data to inform decisions and measure success.
Metrics in Business: Define and evaluate metrics that matter to the business.
5️⃣ Hone Soft Skills
Communication: Clearly explain data findings to technical and non-technical audiences.
Collaboration: Work effectively in teams.
Time Management: Prioritize and manage projects efficiently.
Self-Reflection: Regularly assess and improve your skills.
6️⃣ Bonus: Basic Data Engineering
Data Modeling: Understand dimensional modeling and trade-offs in normalization vs. denormalization.
ETL: Set up extraction jobs, manage dependencies, clean and validate data.
Pipeline Testing: Conduct unit testing and ensure data quality throughout the pipeline.
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
1️⃣ Master Advanced SQL
Foundations: Learn database structures, tables, and relationships.
Basic SQL Commands: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, ORDER BY.
Aggregations: Get hands-on with SUM, COUNT, AVG, MIN, MAX, GROUP BY, and HAVING.
JOINs: Understand LEFT, RIGHT, INNER, OUTER, and CARTESIAN joins.
Advanced Concepts: CTEs, window functions, and query optimization.
Metric Development: Build and report metrics effectively.
2️⃣ Study Statistics & A/B Testing
Denoscriptive Statistics: Know your mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.
Distributions: Familiarize yourself with normal, Bernoulli, binomial, exponential, and uniform distributions.
Probability: Understand basic probability and Bayes' theorem.
Intro to ML: Start with linear regression, decision trees, and K-means clustering.
Experimentation Basics: T-tests, Z-tests, Type 1 & Type 2 errors.
A/B Testing: Design experiments—hypothesis formation, sample size calculation, and sample biases.
3️⃣ Learn Python for Data
Data Manipulation: Use pandas for data cleaning and manipulation.
Data Visualization: Explore matplotlib and seaborn for creating visualizations.
Hypothesis Testing: Dive into scipy for statistical testing.
Basic Modeling: Practice building models with scikit-learn.
4️⃣ Develop Product Sense
Product Management Basics: Manage projects and understand the product life cycle.
Data-Driven Strategy: Leverage data to inform decisions and measure success.
Metrics in Business: Define and evaluate metrics that matter to the business.
5️⃣ Hone Soft Skills
Communication: Clearly explain data findings to technical and non-technical audiences.
Collaboration: Work effectively in teams.
Time Management: Prioritize and manage projects efficiently.
Self-Reflection: Regularly assess and improve your skills.
6️⃣ Bonus: Basic Data Engineering
Data Modeling: Understand dimensional modeling and trade-offs in normalization vs. denormalization.
ETL: Set up extraction jobs, manage dependencies, clean and validate data.
Pipeline Testing: Conduct unit testing and ensure data quality throughout the pipeline.
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
👍8❤4👏2
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝟰 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗖𝗮𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗬𝗼𝘂 𝗮 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗝𝗼𝗯 (𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗪𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲) 💼
Recruiters don’t want to see more certificates—they want proof you can solve real-world problems. That’s where the right projects come in. Not toy datasets, but projects that demonstrate storytelling, problem-solving, and impact.
Here are 4 killer projects that’ll make your portfolio stand out 👇
🔹 1. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) on Real-World Dataset
Pick a messy dataset from Kaggle or public sources. Show your thought process.
✅ Clean data using Pandas
✅ Visualize trends with Seaborn/Matplotlib
✅ Share actionable insights with graphs and markdown
Bonus: Turn it into a Jupyter Notebook with detailed storytelling
🔹 2. Predictive Modeling with ML
Solve a real problem using machine learning. For example:
✅ Predict customer churn using Logistic Regression
✅ Predict housing prices with Random Forest or XGBoost
✅ Use scikit-learn for training + evaluation
Bonus: Add SHAP or feature importance to explain predictions
🔹 3. SQL-Powered Business Dashboard
Use real sales or ecommerce data to build a dashboard.
✅ Write complex SQL queries for KPIs
✅ Visualize with Power BI or Tableau
✅ Show trends: Revenue by Region, Product Performance, etc.
Bonus: Add filters & slicers to make it interactive
🔹 4. End-to-End Data Science Pipeline Project
Build a complete pipeline from scratch.
✅ Collect data via web scraping (e.g., IMDb, LinkedIn Jobs)
✅ Clean + Analyze + Model + Deploy
✅ Deploy with Streamlit/Flask + GitHub + Render
Bonus: Add a blog post or LinkedIn write-up explaining your approach
🎯 One solid project > 10 certificates.
Make it visible. Make it valuable. Share it confidently.
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
Recruiters don’t want to see more certificates—they want proof you can solve real-world problems. That’s where the right projects come in. Not toy datasets, but projects that demonstrate storytelling, problem-solving, and impact.
Here are 4 killer projects that’ll make your portfolio stand out 👇
🔹 1. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) on Real-World Dataset
Pick a messy dataset from Kaggle or public sources. Show your thought process.
✅ Clean data using Pandas
✅ Visualize trends with Seaborn/Matplotlib
✅ Share actionable insights with graphs and markdown
Bonus: Turn it into a Jupyter Notebook with detailed storytelling
🔹 2. Predictive Modeling with ML
Solve a real problem using machine learning. For example:
✅ Predict customer churn using Logistic Regression
✅ Predict housing prices with Random Forest or XGBoost
✅ Use scikit-learn for training + evaluation
Bonus: Add SHAP or feature importance to explain predictions
🔹 3. SQL-Powered Business Dashboard
Use real sales or ecommerce data to build a dashboard.
✅ Write complex SQL queries for KPIs
✅ Visualize with Power BI or Tableau
✅ Show trends: Revenue by Region, Product Performance, etc.
Bonus: Add filters & slicers to make it interactive
🔹 4. End-to-End Data Science Pipeline Project
Build a complete pipeline from scratch.
✅ Collect data via web scraping (e.g., IMDb, LinkedIn Jobs)
✅ Clean + Analyze + Model + Deploy
✅ Deploy with Streamlit/Flask + GitHub + Render
Bonus: Add a blog post or LinkedIn write-up explaining your approach
🎯 One solid project > 10 certificates.
Make it visible. Make it valuable. Share it confidently.
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
👍6❤2
𝟱 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗴𝗲𝘀 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗔𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗹𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗙𝗼𝗿 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝘀 💻
You don’t need to be a LeetCode grandmaster.
But data science interviews still test your problem-solving mindset—and these 5 types of challenges are the ones that actually matter.
Here’s what to focus on (with examples) 👇
🔹 1. String Manipulation (Common in Data Cleaning)
✅ Parse messy columns (e.g., split “Name_Age_City”)
✅ Regex to extract phone numbers, emails, URLs
✅ Remove stopwords or HTML tags in text data
Example: Clean up a scraped dataset from LinkedIn bias
🔹 2. GroupBy and Aggregation with Pandas
✅ Group sales data by product/region
✅ Calculate avg, sum, count using .groupby()
✅ Handle missing values smartly
Example: “What’s the top-selling product in each region?”
🔹 3. SQL Join + Window Functions
✅ INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN to merge tables
✅ ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), LEAD(), LAG() for trends
✅ Use CTEs to break complex queries
Example: “Get 2nd highest salary in each department”
🔹 4. Data Structures: Lists, Dicts, Sets in Python
✅ Use dictionaries to map, filter, and count
✅ Remove duplicates with sets
✅ List comprehensions for clean solutions
Example: “Count frequency of hashtags in tweets”
🔹 5. Basic Algorithms (Not DP or Graphs)
✅ Sliding window for moving averages
✅ Two pointers for duplicate detection
✅ Binary search in sorted arrays
Example: “Detect if a pair of values sum to 100”
🎯 Tip: Practice challenges that feel like real-world data work, not textbook CS exams.
Use platforms like:
StrataScratch
Hackerrank (SQL + Python)
Kaggle Code
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
You don’t need to be a LeetCode grandmaster.
But data science interviews still test your problem-solving mindset—and these 5 types of challenges are the ones that actually matter.
Here’s what to focus on (with examples) 👇
🔹 1. String Manipulation (Common in Data Cleaning)
✅ Parse messy columns (e.g., split “Name_Age_City”)
✅ Regex to extract phone numbers, emails, URLs
✅ Remove stopwords or HTML tags in text data
Example: Clean up a scraped dataset from LinkedIn bias
🔹 2. GroupBy and Aggregation with Pandas
✅ Group sales data by product/region
✅ Calculate avg, sum, count using .groupby()
✅ Handle missing values smartly
Example: “What’s the top-selling product in each region?”
🔹 3. SQL Join + Window Functions
✅ INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN to merge tables
✅ ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), LEAD(), LAG() for trends
✅ Use CTEs to break complex queries
Example: “Get 2nd highest salary in each department”
🔹 4. Data Structures: Lists, Dicts, Sets in Python
✅ Use dictionaries to map, filter, and count
✅ Remove duplicates with sets
✅ List comprehensions for clean solutions
Example: “Count frequency of hashtags in tweets”
🔹 5. Basic Algorithms (Not DP or Graphs)
✅ Sliding window for moving averages
✅ Two pointers for duplicate detection
✅ Binary search in sorted arrays
Example: “Detect if a pair of values sum to 100”
🎯 Tip: Practice challenges that feel like real-world data work, not textbook CS exams.
Use platforms like:
StrataScratch
Hackerrank (SQL + Python)
Kaggle Code
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
👍5❤3👏1
Important data science topics you should definitely be aware of
1. Statistics & Probability
Denoscriptive Statistics (mean, median, mode, variance, std deviation)
Probability Distributions (Normal, Binomial, Poisson)
Bayes' Theorem
Hypothesis Testing (t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA)
Confidence Intervals
2. Data Manipulation & Analysis
Data wrangling/cleaning
Handling missing values & outliers
Feature engineering & scaling
GroupBy operations
Pivot tables
Time series manipulation
3. Programming (Python/R)
Data structures (lists, dictionaries, sets)
Libraries:
Python: pandas, NumPy, matplotlib, seaborn, scikit-learn
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Writing reusable functions
Working with APIs & files (CSV, JSON, Excel)
4. Data Visualization
Plot types: bar, line, scatter, histograms, heatmaps, boxplots
Dashboards (Power BI, Tableau, Plotly Dash, Streamlit)
Communicating insights clearly
5. Machine Learning
Supervised Learning
Linear & Logistic Regression
Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting (XGBoost, LightGBM)
SVM, KNN
Unsupervised Learning
K-means Clustering
PCA
Hierarchical Clustering
Model Evaluation
Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score
Confusion Matrix, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation, Grid Search
6. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural Networks (perceptron, activation functions)
CNNs, RNNs (just an overview unless you're going deep into DL)
Frameworks: TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras
7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, JOINS, CTEs, Subqueries
Window functions
Indexes and Query Optimization
8. Big Data & Cloud (Basics)
Hadoop, Spark
AWS, GCP, Azure (basic knowledge of data services)
9. Deployment & MLOps (Basic Awareness)
Model deployment (Flask, FastAPI)
Docker basics
CI/CD pipelines
Model monitoring
10. Business & Domain Knowledge
Framing a problem
Understanding business KPIs
Translating data insights into actionable strategies
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like for the detailed explanation on each topic 😄👍
1. Statistics & Probability
Denoscriptive Statistics (mean, median, mode, variance, std deviation)
Probability Distributions (Normal, Binomial, Poisson)
Bayes' Theorem
Hypothesis Testing (t-test, chi-square test, ANOVA)
Confidence Intervals
2. Data Manipulation & Analysis
Data wrangling/cleaning
Handling missing values & outliers
Feature engineering & scaling
GroupBy operations
Pivot tables
Time series manipulation
3. Programming (Python/R)
Data structures (lists, dictionaries, sets)
Libraries:
Python: pandas, NumPy, matplotlib, seaborn, scikit-learn
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Writing reusable functions
Working with APIs & files (CSV, JSON, Excel)
4. Data Visualization
Plot types: bar, line, scatter, histograms, heatmaps, boxplots
Dashboards (Power BI, Tableau, Plotly Dash, Streamlit)
Communicating insights clearly
5. Machine Learning
Supervised Learning
Linear & Logistic Regression
Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting (XGBoost, LightGBM)
SVM, KNN
Unsupervised Learning
K-means Clustering
PCA
Hierarchical Clustering
Model Evaluation
Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score
Confusion Matrix, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation, Grid Search
6. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural Networks (perceptron, activation functions)
CNNs, RNNs (just an overview unless you're going deep into DL)
Frameworks: TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras
7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, JOINS, CTEs, Subqueries
Window functions
Indexes and Query Optimization
8. Big Data & Cloud (Basics)
Hadoop, Spark
AWS, GCP, Azure (basic knowledge of data services)
9. Deployment & MLOps (Basic Awareness)
Model deployment (Flask, FastAPI)
Docker basics
CI/CD pipelines
Model monitoring
10. Business & Domain Knowledge
Framing a problem
Understanding business KPIs
Translating data insights into actionable strategies
I have curated the best interview resources to crack Data Science Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Like for the detailed explanation on each topic 😄👍
👍8❤3