🔍 Machine Learning Cheat Sheet 🔍
1. Key Concepts:
- Supervised Learning: Learn from labeled data (e.g., classification, regression).
- Unsupervised Learning: Discover patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction).
- Reinforcement Learning: Learn by interacting with an environment to maximize reward.
2. Common Algorithms:
- Linear Regression: Predict continuous values.
- Logistic Regression: Binary classification.
- Decision Trees: Simple, interpretable model for classification and regression.
- Random Forests: Ensemble method for improved accuracy.
- Support Vector Machines: Effective for high-dimensional spaces.
- K-Nearest Neighbors: Instance-based learning for classification/regression.
- K-Means: Clustering algorithm.
- Principal Component Analysis(PCA)
3. Performance Metrics:
- Classification: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, ROC-AUC.
- Regression: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), R^2 Score.
4. Data Preprocessing:
- Normalization: Scale features to a standard range.
- Standardization: Transform features to have zero mean and unit variance.
- Imputation: Handle missing data.
- Encoding: Convert categorical data into numerical format.
5. Model Evaluation:
- Cross-Validation: Ensure model generalization.
- Train-Test Split: Divide data to evaluate model performance.
6. Libraries:
- Python: Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, Pandas, Numpy, Matplotlib.
- R: caret, randomForest, e1071, ggplot2.
7. Tips for Success:
- Feature Engineering: Enhance data quality and relevance.
- Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize model parameters (Grid Search, Random Search).
- Model Interpretability: Use tools like SHAP and LIME.
- Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest research and trends.
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
1. Key Concepts:
- Supervised Learning: Learn from labeled data (e.g., classification, regression).
- Unsupervised Learning: Discover patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction).
- Reinforcement Learning: Learn by interacting with an environment to maximize reward.
2. Common Algorithms:
- Linear Regression: Predict continuous values.
- Logistic Regression: Binary classification.
- Decision Trees: Simple, interpretable model for classification and regression.
- Random Forests: Ensemble method for improved accuracy.
- Support Vector Machines: Effective for high-dimensional spaces.
- K-Nearest Neighbors: Instance-based learning for classification/regression.
- K-Means: Clustering algorithm.
- Principal Component Analysis(PCA)
3. Performance Metrics:
- Classification: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, ROC-AUC.
- Regression: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), R^2 Score.
4. Data Preprocessing:
- Normalization: Scale features to a standard range.
- Standardization: Transform features to have zero mean and unit variance.
- Imputation: Handle missing data.
- Encoding: Convert categorical data into numerical format.
5. Model Evaluation:
- Cross-Validation: Ensure model generalization.
- Train-Test Split: Divide data to evaluate model performance.
6. Libraries:
- Python: Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, Pandas, Numpy, Matplotlib.
- R: caret, randomForest, e1071, ggplot2.
7. Tips for Success:
- Feature Engineering: Enhance data quality and relevance.
- Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize model parameters (Grid Search, Random Search).
- Model Interpretability: Use tools like SHAP and LIME.
- Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest research and trends.
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
❤10👏2
Here are some essential data science concepts from A to Z:
A - Algorithm: A set of rules or instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task in data science.
B - Big Data: Large and complex datasets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.
C - Clustering: A technique used to group similar data points together based on certain characteristics.
D - Data Cleaning: The process of identifying and correcting errors or inconsistencies in a dataset.
E - Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): The process of analyzing and visualizing data to understand its underlying patterns and relationships.
F - Feature Engineering: The process of creating new features or variables from existing data to improve model performance.
G - Gradient Descent: An optimization algorithm used to minimize the error of a model by adjusting its parameters.
H - Hypothesis Testing: A statistical technique used to test the validity of a hypothesis or claim based on sample data.
I - Imputation: The process of filling in missing values in a dataset using statistical methods.
J - Joint Probability: The probability of two or more events occurring together.
K - K-Means Clustering: A popular clustering algorithm that partitions data into K clusters based on similarity.
L - Linear Regression: A statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
M - Machine Learning: A subset of artificial intelligence that uses algorithms to learn patterns and make predictions from data.
N - Normal Distribution: A symmetrical bell-shaped distribution that is commonly used in statistical analysis.
O - Outlier Detection: The process of identifying and removing data points that are significantly different from the rest of the dataset.
P - Precision and Recall: Evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of classification models.
Q - Quantitative Analysis: The process of analyzing numerical data to draw conclusions and make decisions.
R - Random Forest: An ensemble learning algorithm that builds multiple decision trees to improve prediction accuracy.
S - Support Vector Machine (SVM): A supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.
T - Time Series Analysis: A statistical technique used to analyze and forecast time-dependent data.
U - Unsupervised Learning: A type of machine learning where the model learns patterns and relationships in data without labeled outputs.
V - Validation Set: A subset of data used to evaluate the performance of a model during training.
W - Web Scraping: The process of extracting data from websites for analysis and visualization.
X - XGBoost: An optimized gradient boosting algorithm that is widely used in machine learning competitions.
Y - Yield Curve Analysis: The study of the relationship between interest rates and the maturity of fixed-income securities.
Z - Z-Score: A standardized score that represents the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.
Credits: https://news.1rj.ru/str/free4unow_backup
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
A - Algorithm: A set of rules or instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task in data science.
B - Big Data: Large and complex datasets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.
C - Clustering: A technique used to group similar data points together based on certain characteristics.
D - Data Cleaning: The process of identifying and correcting errors or inconsistencies in a dataset.
E - Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): The process of analyzing and visualizing data to understand its underlying patterns and relationships.
F - Feature Engineering: The process of creating new features or variables from existing data to improve model performance.
G - Gradient Descent: An optimization algorithm used to minimize the error of a model by adjusting its parameters.
H - Hypothesis Testing: A statistical technique used to test the validity of a hypothesis or claim based on sample data.
I - Imputation: The process of filling in missing values in a dataset using statistical methods.
J - Joint Probability: The probability of two or more events occurring together.
K - K-Means Clustering: A popular clustering algorithm that partitions data into K clusters based on similarity.
L - Linear Regression: A statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
M - Machine Learning: A subset of artificial intelligence that uses algorithms to learn patterns and make predictions from data.
N - Normal Distribution: A symmetrical bell-shaped distribution that is commonly used in statistical analysis.
O - Outlier Detection: The process of identifying and removing data points that are significantly different from the rest of the dataset.
P - Precision and Recall: Evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of classification models.
Q - Quantitative Analysis: The process of analyzing numerical data to draw conclusions and make decisions.
R - Random Forest: An ensemble learning algorithm that builds multiple decision trees to improve prediction accuracy.
S - Support Vector Machine (SVM): A supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.
T - Time Series Analysis: A statistical technique used to analyze and forecast time-dependent data.
U - Unsupervised Learning: A type of machine learning where the model learns patterns and relationships in data without labeled outputs.
V - Validation Set: A subset of data used to evaluate the performance of a model during training.
W - Web Scraping: The process of extracting data from websites for analysis and visualization.
X - XGBoost: An optimized gradient boosting algorithm that is widely used in machine learning competitions.
Y - Yield Curve Analysis: The study of the relationship between interest rates and the maturity of fixed-income securities.
Z - Z-Score: A standardized score that represents the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.
Credits: https://news.1rj.ru/str/free4unow_backup
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
❤8
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It's an educational goldmine.
If you do, you’re sleeping on a goldmine of knowledge and community. WhatsApp channels are a great way to practice data science, make your own community, and find accountability partners.
I have curated the list of best WhatsApp channels to learn coding & data science for FREE
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Core data science concepts you should know:
🔢 1. Statistics & Probability
Denoscriptive statistics: Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance
Inferential statistics: Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, p-values, t-tests, ANOVA
Probability distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform
Bayes' Theorem
Central Limit Theorem
📊 2. Data Wrangling & Cleaning
Handling missing values
Outlier detection and treatment
Data transformation (scaling, encoding, normalization)
Feature engineering
Dealing with imbalanced data
📈 3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis
Correlation and covariance
Data visualization tools: Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly
Insights generation through visual storytelling
🤖 4. Machine Learning Fundamentals
Supervised Learning: Linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, SVM, k-NN
Unsupervised Learning: K-means, hierarchical clustering, PCA
Model evaluation: Accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation and overfitting/underfitting
Bias-variance tradeoff
🧠 5. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural networks: Perceptron, MLP
Activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Tanh)
Backpropagation
Gradient descent and learning rate
CNNs and RNNs (intro level)
🗃️ 6. Data Structures & Algorithms (DSA)
Arrays, lists, dictionaries, sets
Sorting and searching algorithms
Time and space complexity (Big-O notation)
Common problems: string manipulation, matrix operations, recursion
💾 7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING
JOINS (inner, left, right, full)
Subqueries and CTEs
Window functions
Indexing and normalization
📦 8. Tools & Libraries
Python: pandas, NumPy, scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Jupyter Notebooks for experimentation
Git and GitHub for version control
🧪 9. A/B Testing & Experimentation
Control vs. treatment group
Hypothesis formulation
Significance level, p-value interpretation
Power analysis
🌐 10. Business Acumen & Storytelling
Translating data insights into business value
Crafting narratives with data
Building dashboards (Power BI, Tableau)
Knowing KPIs and business metrics
React ❤️ for more
🔢 1. Statistics & Probability
Denoscriptive statistics: Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance
Inferential statistics: Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, p-values, t-tests, ANOVA
Probability distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform
Bayes' Theorem
Central Limit Theorem
📊 2. Data Wrangling & Cleaning
Handling missing values
Outlier detection and treatment
Data transformation (scaling, encoding, normalization)
Feature engineering
Dealing with imbalanced data
📈 3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis
Correlation and covariance
Data visualization tools: Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly
Insights generation through visual storytelling
🤖 4. Machine Learning Fundamentals
Supervised Learning: Linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, SVM, k-NN
Unsupervised Learning: K-means, hierarchical clustering, PCA
Model evaluation: Accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation and overfitting/underfitting
Bias-variance tradeoff
🧠 5. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural networks: Perceptron, MLP
Activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Tanh)
Backpropagation
Gradient descent and learning rate
CNNs and RNNs (intro level)
🗃️ 6. Data Structures & Algorithms (DSA)
Arrays, lists, dictionaries, sets
Sorting and searching algorithms
Time and space complexity (Big-O notation)
Common problems: string manipulation, matrix operations, recursion
💾 7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING
JOINS (inner, left, right, full)
Subqueries and CTEs
Window functions
Indexing and normalization
📦 8. Tools & Libraries
Python: pandas, NumPy, scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Jupyter Notebooks for experimentation
Git and GitHub for version control
🧪 9. A/B Testing & Experimentation
Control vs. treatment group
Hypothesis formulation
Significance level, p-value interpretation
Power analysis
🌐 10. Business Acumen & Storytelling
Translating data insights into business value
Crafting narratives with data
Building dashboards (Power BI, Tableau)
Knowing KPIs and business metrics
React ❤️ for more
❤6👍2👏1
𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 (𝗡𝗼 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝗔𝘁𝘁𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱)
𝗡𝗼 𝗳𝗮𝗻𝗰𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀, 𝗻𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗽𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴.
𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘:
1️⃣ Python Programming for Data Science → Harvard’s CS50P
The best intro to Python for absolute beginners:
↬ Covers loops, data structures, and practical exercises.
↬ Designed to help you build foundational coding skills.
Link: https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/
https://news.1rj.ru/str/datasciencefun
2️⃣ Statistics & Probability → Khan Academy
Want to master probability, distributions, and hypothesis testing? This is where to start:
↬ Clear, beginner-friendly videos.
↬ Exercises to test your skills.
Link: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vat3Dc4KAwEcfFbNnZ3O
3️⃣ Linear Algebra for Data Science → 3Blue1Brown
↬ Learn about matrices, vectors, and transformations.
↬ Essential for machine learning models.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9KzVk3AjplI5PYPxkUr
4️⃣ SQL Basics → Mode Analytics
SQL is the backbone of data manipulation. This tutorial covers:
↬ Writing queries, joins, and filtering data.
↬ Real-world datasets to practice.
Link: https://mode.com/sql-tutorial
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
5️⃣ Data Visualization → freeCodeCamp
Learn to create stunning visualizations using Python libraries:
↬ Covers Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly.
↬ Step-by-step projects included.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLzTJhC2DZg
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaxaFzoEQIaujB31SO34
6️⃣ Machine Learning Basics → Google’s Machine Learning Crash Course
An in-depth introduction to machine learning for beginners:
↬ Learn supervised and unsupervised learning.
↬ Hands-on coding with TensorFlow.
Link: https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/crash-course
7️⃣ Deep Learning → Fast.ai’s Free Course
Fast.ai makes deep learning easy and accessible:
↬ Build neural networks with PyTorch.
↬ Learn by coding real projects.
Link: https://course.fast.ai/
8️⃣ Data Science Projects → Kaggle
↬ Compete in challenges to practice your skills.
↬ Great way to build your portfolio.
Link: https://www.kaggle.com/
𝗡𝗼 𝗳𝗮𝗻𝗰𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀, 𝗻𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗽𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴.
𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘:
1️⃣ Python Programming for Data Science → Harvard’s CS50P
The best intro to Python for absolute beginners:
↬ Covers loops, data structures, and practical exercises.
↬ Designed to help you build foundational coding skills.
Link: https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/
https://news.1rj.ru/str/datasciencefun
2️⃣ Statistics & Probability → Khan Academy
Want to master probability, distributions, and hypothesis testing? This is where to start:
↬ Clear, beginner-friendly videos.
↬ Exercises to test your skills.
Link: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vat3Dc4KAwEcfFbNnZ3O
3️⃣ Linear Algebra for Data Science → 3Blue1Brown
↬ Learn about matrices, vectors, and transformations.
↬ Essential for machine learning models.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9KzVk3AjplI5PYPxkUr
4️⃣ SQL Basics → Mode Analytics
SQL is the backbone of data manipulation. This tutorial covers:
↬ Writing queries, joins, and filtering data.
↬ Real-world datasets to practice.
Link: https://mode.com/sql-tutorial
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
5️⃣ Data Visualization → freeCodeCamp
Learn to create stunning visualizations using Python libraries:
↬ Covers Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly.
↬ Step-by-step projects included.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLzTJhC2DZg
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaxaFzoEQIaujB31SO34
6️⃣ Machine Learning Basics → Google’s Machine Learning Crash Course
An in-depth introduction to machine learning for beginners:
↬ Learn supervised and unsupervised learning.
↬ Hands-on coding with TensorFlow.
Link: https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/crash-course
7️⃣ Deep Learning → Fast.ai’s Free Course
Fast.ai makes deep learning easy and accessible:
↬ Build neural networks with PyTorch.
↬ Learn by coding real projects.
Link: https://course.fast.ai/
8️⃣ Data Science Projects → Kaggle
↬ Compete in challenges to practice your skills.
↬ Great way to build your portfolio.
Link: https://www.kaggle.com/
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