"I knew those throw pillows were too ostentatious."

Edmond Burke is in some ways the founder of modern conservatism, and is most famous for staunchly opposing the French Revolution. Burke believe that people ultimately understood very little about the forces that governed society, and any changes that we make have to be done slowly to ensure that society doesn't collapse into anarchy. He thought the radicals that wanted to remake society "rationally" during the French Revolution were far too arrogant in their ability to imagine a utopian society from scratch, and any attempt to do so would only result in disaster. While he believed in social progress, he thought we should never make large changes all at once, or we would risk dissolving institutions that we did not fully understand and upsetting the balance in society, bringing large scale suffering.
He wrote Reflections on the Revolution in France in 1790, only eighteen months after the revolution had begun, so a lot of his predictions of unrestrained violence came true. Of course, his ideas such as "actually, democracy is bad", and "women shouldn't be educated" aged a little less well.

"The absolute nerve of some people."

"Not a single person can understand me, could it be something I did wrong?
No, it's every single person on Earth who is wrong."

Supposedly Hegel's last words really were some kind of woeful lament about how no one had ever understood him. Since he's died, and indeed during his life, many philosophers have complained about his obscurism, and even accused him of intentionally writing badly to prevent people from understanding him. While some people, such as Hegel, believed his ideas are just that intrinsicly difficulty to understand, there are others, such as everyone else, who thought he probably could have done a better job explaining them.

"But you don't understand, they will be happy in the end to be subjugated completely to my will."

The Panopticon was a design for a prison by Jeremy Bentham, which he not only proposed, but was rather obsessed by. He worked for years trying to secure government funding to construct one, which he felt would given his theories about rehabilitative penal systems empirical grounding. The main idea is that the very architecture of the prison would be designed around total surveillance of the prisoners, as each cell would be clearly visible by a central viewing station. His main selling point to the government was that this would save money, since only one guard could watch the entire population, or even no guards, since it was designed in such a way that the prisoners could never quite tell if someone was in the tower watching them or not. He also had ideas about using prolonged periods of solitary confinement, which we now know to be totally inhumane, to sort of "wipe clean" the minds of the prisoners before entering the prison. In addition he also thought forcing them to do menial labor tasks, like spinning looming wheels to "teach them the value of honest work". (again he pitched this to the government as a cost savings, since it would generate income). Some would consider it slavery.
The concept of the panopticon, as a sort of metaphor for society at large, became popular when Michel Foucault criticized it as a kind of evolution of society towards more and more control and domination, rather than a liberal reform away from more brutal forms of punishment. He thought that instead of more direct punishments, like flogging, which only punish the body, the panopticon seeks total domination of the subject's mind, in an attempt to create a passive, productive, working body. The prison was only the most direct and obvious kind of archetype of the panopticon, but Foucault thought that in reality people like Bentham created a system that sought far reaching control and surveillance over every aspect of life.

"Also, I've decided to get married again, and this time no divorce!"