Unlike Hegel and Marx, who had more teleological theories of history (meaning they thought history in general moved in a given direction, more or less towards a given thing), Simone Weil thought history was more like biological evolution, where the stronger species survive and the weaker perish in any given environment, nothing is evolving towards anything, and you can't even say that species are "improving" beyond their survivability in their environment.
I was just on the Partially Examined Life podcast, to discuss Weil's ideas. You can listen to it here:
Part 1 on War and Oppression
Part 2 on War and Oppression
I was just on the Partially Examined Life podcast, to discuss Weil's ideas. You can listen to it here:
Part 1 on War and Oppression
Part 2 on War and Oppression
Also...dance a little for me. See? The real dialectic is whoever has the guns makes the rules.
"Now, does anyone here have a theory of metaphysics? Because I would love to see if I could produce more behavior that is socially recognized to indicate pain."
Ludwig Wittgenstein, after finishing Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, went to teach elementary school for six years in rural Austria. Perhaps he thought he could put his philosophy into practice in a sense, and teach children in a new a creative way. However he quickly became disillusioned and wrote to Bertrand Russell:
I know human beings on the average are not worth much anywhere, but here they are much more good-for-nothing and irresponsible than elsewhere.
Apparently he was very demanding, and tried to teach the children math and logic that was quite advanced, and when students got the answer wrong he would administer corporal punishment (not uncommon to the time). Sometimes this went very far, however, and he even knocked an 11 year old boy unconscious, and went to trial.
Wittgenstein was, shall we say, a rather intense individual.
I know human beings on the average are not worth much anywhere, but here they are much more good-for-nothing and irresponsible than elsewhere.
Apparently he was very demanding, and tried to teach the children math and logic that was quite advanced, and when students got the answer wrong he would administer corporal punishment (not uncommon to the time). Sometimes this went very far, however, and he even knocked an 11 year old boy unconscious, and went to trial.
Wittgenstein was, shall we say, a rather intense individual.
"You know what, screw you guys, you obviously don't get me. Nobody gets me!"
Wagner: "also, watch out, your friend Paul Ree is a jew."
Nietzsche: "watch out for...what exactly?"
Wagner: "just watch out..."
Nietzsche: "watch out for...what exactly?"
Wagner: "just watch out..."
When Nietzsche was young he admired Wagner greatly, and they became friends. Wagner thought Nietzsche's philosophy would provide a grounding to his own project and his beliefs about his music. Wagner thought art and aesthetics was prior to and superior to moral life, and society should be run by the few superior individuals who were capable of creating such art. Eventually they split, in a large part due to Wagner's raging anti-semitism. Despite this, Nietzsche sometimes get linked to anti-semitism and German nationalism (largely due to the influence of his sister after his death), even though he thought nationalism in all forms was ridiculous, and despised the anti-semitism in the German culture at the time. Wagner also tried to get Nietzsche to break off his friendship with some of his Jewish friends, such as Paul Rée, which Nietzsche refused to do.
Nietzsche ended up turning away from Wagner's ideas entirely, and in fact wrote lengthy essays attacking him later in life, for various reasons.
Nietzsche ended up turning away from Wagner's ideas entirely, and in fact wrote lengthy essays attacking him later in life, for various reasons.