Jewish men, women and children from the Mizocz Ghetto in eastern Poland rounded up by the Nazis and the Ukrainian Schutzmannschaften for execution, 14 October 1942. In just a couple days, over 2000 Jews were killed by being forced to lie down naked in ditches before being shot.

The Battle of Leipzig or Battle of Nations was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813, at Leipzig, Saxony. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Emperor Alexander I and Karl von Schwarzenberg, decisively defeated the Grande Armée of French Emperor Napoleon I. Napoleon's army also contained Polish and Italian troops, as well as Germans from the Confederation of the Rhine. The battle involved 500,000 soldiers, 2,200 artillery pieces, the expenditure of 200,000 rounds of artillery ammunition, and 127,000 casualties, making it the largest battle in Europe prior to World War I.