A new study published in June in the journal Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems suggests that there are 1,000 times more diamonds below the surface of the Earth than was previously thought.

BREAKING: Essentia crowdsale reopened to allow 5 ETH worth of tokens to be purchased at 1000x discount (1/2)

Between 17:46 and 18:27 UTC earlier today, a number of interesting events transpired on the Essentia crowdsale contract [1]


Sequence of events

- The admin increased the cap with setMaxCap() to 6865401549824066800000 [2]
- The admin called setPubEnd() to 2018-07-17 21:05:32 [3]
- A user sent 5.1397 ETH to the newly reopened crowdsale contract [4]
- Within the same block, the admin changed the token price with the function setPrice [5]. Due to transaction ordering, this didn't affect the previous purchase.
- The admin calls setPubEnd() to a time in the past to close the crowdsale [6]
- Our mystery user withdraws their 55580 ESS tokens [7]
- A new end date is set, opening the contract once more [8]
- Our mystery user sends 5.1324 ETH. The new token price is now in place. [9]
- Crowdsale is closed again [10]
- Our mystery user withdraws their 55525290 ESS tokens, bought at the new price [11]

The 2nd token purchase price was 1000x cheaper


A look at the flow of transactions shows that the intent was to allow a purchase of approx 5 ETH to receive a huge amount of tokens. This didn't go to plan the first time because setPrice() confirmed too slowly, so the purchase had to be repeated.

1 ETH = 10813 ESS at crowdsale. The purchaser now has 5005 ETH worth of ESS tokens for appox 10 ETH.

@icosdaily has reached out to Essentia for an explanation.

References (2/2)

[1] Essentia crowdsale contract
https://etherscan.io/address/0xcd85f4fd1c87d6ba898b697c13ded067e5041a32

[2] setMaxCap()
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x2212fba6a9b12bdefc6d0e6e04f2fbab9e6e8f466038d166fb0de1e6ce7e3d1d

[3] setPubEnd()
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x41830322482b9a068fc4bc283c7c730e88e8ce4c50fc9eccbcc2c5baec0f9136

[4] 5.139 ETH tx
https://etherscan.io/tx/0xc3b71cf7c908c7c8bd6782657afd0433de9bfb0026355f28bad067e7bc2bbf38

[5] setPrice()
https://etherscan.io/tx/0xa600b99fd45973b8418879d9cc4a63550316618bf96d88ebcc9a1c381496e0c7

[6] setPubEnd()
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x4d041e7033a22eaf25d66284fe4edc59b7780330062057568c5c920161798a4d

[7] First withdrawal, 55580 ESS for 5.139 ETH
https://etherscan.io/tx/0xf0e9e8e288d2798b4e835e64be5c81f468f34a67158a167b24ce96f9a73d5470

[8] contract reopened
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x3d428e2c4c5e8c516a8001f399549aefdf510d31da0c392f2110260e845b588d

[9] 5.134 ETH tx
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x637e5d1f8e5577267bd51ce9ce199214d7bec591dc7a6d25801414abf454c8d1

[10] setPubEnd()
https://etherscan.io/tx/0xd27f5217c007a7fdb37ad8b35357a4e8d707b3c595d91331e6e651556b4e157f

[11] Second withdrawal, 55525290 ESS for 5.134 ETH
https://etherscan.io/tx/0x53abcf40239959592fa5efa1be07f244495ee81b0aadcdf9c0fa0ad552da9543

To reduce these transaction times, the company would be offering a new type of user account able to transact in cryptocurrencies but pegged to a fiat currency. This account would link a series of profiles able to identify a user's "fiat currency amount, a blockchain currency amount, an account identifier and an address." The transactions themselves would use the fiat currency's payment rails and security features, but each transaction would represent a cryptocurrency

Starting August 1, you can 3D print a gun

Last week, the Department of Justice made it legal to produce guns with a 3D printer in a settlement with gun-printing startup Defense Distributed.
The ruling is the result of multi-year crusade spearheaded by gun-rights evangelist Cody Wilson and allows Defense Distributed to post detailed blueprints for ‘ghost guns’ -- which are untraceable, unregistered, and DIY for anyone with access to a 3D printer.
The rise of ‘wiki-weapons’ Cody Wilson (creator of hate-based crowdfunding platform Hatreon and one of the perennial “most dangerous people on the internet”) founded Defense Distributed in 2012 to make homemade weapons available to all.

But, after DD’s ‘Wiki Weapon Project’ spat out its first functional firearm, The Liberator, in 2013, the Justice Department forced Wilson to remove the gun’s blueprints from the internet, invoking a gun export law.
Wilson, being the radical libertarian/crypto-anarchist he is, decided to appeal the State Department’s ban in court.

New technology, old amendment

Wilson argued that posting digital blueprints of automatic weapons online was simply an expression of his First Amendment right of free speech -- and the Department of Justice ruled in his favor.

Now, thanks to improved 3D-printing technology and this new law, turning digital schematics into actual guns requires only an internet connection and a 3D printer. For DIY gun lovers without 3D printers, Defense Distributed produces a specialized machine called the Ghost Gunner.

Ghost guns: Coming to a garage printer near you

After winning the settlement, Defense Distributed relaunched its comprehensive gun encyclopedia, DEFCAD, which features guns ranging from AR-15s to Berettas. The website is open for uploads and will allow for downloads starting in August.
To reduce the number of mass shootings in America (where gun deaths are 25x higher than other high-income countries), politicians are debating ways to control gun ownership.

Suggestions range from background checks, bans on assault weapons, minimum age requirements, and ‘red flag’ warning systems -- all of which are impossible if anonymous gunsmiths can download and print untraceable guns in their garages.