Answer
4,The scope of a variable in Python refers to the region of the program where the variable is accessible. There are two types of scope in Python: global scope and local scope
5,To access the value of a variable in Python, you simply refer to its name. For example, if you have a variable named "x", you can access its value by writing "x".
6,To change the value of a variable in Python, you simply assign a new value to its name using the equal sign (=) operator. For example, if you have a variable named "x" with a value of 5, you can change its value to 10 by writing "x = 10".

In Python, data types are used to classify and represent different types of data that can be stored and manipulated within a program. Python is a dynamically typed language, which means that the data type of a variable is determined at runtime based on the value assigned to it. Here are some commonly used data types in Python:

1. Numeric Types:
- int: Represents integer values, such as 1, -5, or 1000.
- float: Represents floating-point numbers with decimal places, such as 3.14 or -2.5.
- complex: Represents complex numbers in the form of a + bj, where a and b are real numbers and j is the imaginary unit.

2. Sequence Types:
- str: Represents a sequence of characters, such as "Hello, World!" or "Python".
- list: Represents an ordered collection of items, enclosed in square brackets (), and separated by commas. Lists can contain elements of different data types.
- tuple: Similar to lists, but enclosed in parentheses (()) and are immutable, meaning their values cannot be changed once assigned.

3. Mapping Type:
- dict: Represents a collection of key-value pairs enclosed in curly braces ({}). Each key-value pair is separated by a colon (:), and keys must be unique.

4. Set Types:
- set: Represents an unordered collection of unique elements, enclosed in curly braces ({}).
- frozenset: Similar to sets, but immutable.

5. Boolean Type:
- bool: Represents a boolean value, which can be either True or False.

6. None Type:
- None: Represents the absence of a value or a null value.

Python also provides the ability to convert between different data types using built-in functions like int(), float(), str(), etc.

Understanding and utilizing the appropriate data types in Python is crucial for performing various operations and ensuring the correctness and efficiency of your code.

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Tutorial: Python If-Else Condition Basics

1. Introduction to If-Else Conditions:
- In programming, if-else conditions are used to make decisions based on certain conditions.
- If a condition is true, a specific block of code is executed. Otherwise, an alternative block of code is executed.

2. Syntax of If-Else Statements:
- The basic syntax of an if-else statement in Python is as follows:

if condition:
    # code to be executed if the condition is true
else:
    # code to be executed if the condition is false

3. Simple If-Else Statements:
- Let's start with a simple example to understand the concept:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("You are eligible to vote!")
else:
    print("You are not eligible to vote yet.")

4. Comparison Operators:
- Comparison operators are used to compare values in if-else conditions. Here are some commonly used comparison operators:
- > : Greater than
- < : Less than
- == : Equal to
- != : Not equal to
- >= : Greater than or equal to
- <= : Less than or equal to

5. Logical Operators:
- Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions in if-else statements. Here are the commonly used logical operators:
- and : Returns True if both conditions are true
- or : Returns True if at least one condition is true
- not : Returns the opposite of the condition

6. Nested If-Else Statements:
- Nested if-else statements allow you to have multiple levels of conditions. Here's an example:

age = 25
income = 50000

if age >= 18:
    if income >= 30000:
        print("You are eligible for a loan!")
    else:
        print("You are not eligible for a loan.")
else:
    print("You must be at least 18 years old to apply for a loan.")

7. Elif (Else If) Statements:
- The elif statement allows you to check multiple conditions in a single if-else block. Here's an example:

score = 85

if score >= 90:
    print("You got an A!")
elif score >= 80:
    print("You got a B!")
elif score >= 70:
    print("You got a C!")
else:
    print("You need to improve your score.")

.

This tutorial provides a basic understanding of if-else conditions in Python. Practice writing if-else statements and try solving different problems to strengthen your skills.

If else conditon in amharic

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How to get input from the user Python :

1. Getting User Input:
To get input from the user, you can use the input() function in Python. It reads a line of text entered by the user and returns it as a string.

Example:

python
   name = input("Enter your name: ")
   print("Hello, " + name)
   

2. Converting Input to Other Data Types:
By default, input() returns the user input as a string. If you need to convert it to other data types like integer or float, you can use type casting.

Example:

python
   age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
   height = float(input("Enter your height (in meters): "))
   

3. Prompting for Multiple Inputs:
You can prompt for multiple inputs by calling input() multiple times and storing the results in different variables.

Example:

python
   num1 = int(input("Enter first number: "))
   num2 = int(input("Enter second number: "))
   
   sum = num1 + num2
   print("Sum:", sum)
   

  

Let me know if you have any further questions.

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