what is list in python?

Lists are one of the most commonly used data structures in Python. They are used to store a collection of items, such as numbers, strings, or even other lists. Lists are mutable, which means you can modify them by adding, removing, or changing elements.

Creating a List:
To create a list, you can enclose a comma-separated sequence of items within square brackets (). For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]

Accessing Elements:
You can access individual elements in a list using their index. The index starts from 0 for the first element, 1 for the second element, and so on. For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
print(fruits[0])  # Output: apple
print(fruits[1])  # Output: banana

Modifying Elements:
You can modify elements in a list by assigning a new value to a specific index. For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
fruits[1] = "grape"
print(fruits)  # Output: ["apple", "grape", "orange"]

Adding Elements:
You can add elements to a list using the append() method, which adds an item to the end of the list. For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
fruits.append("mango")
print(fruits)  # Output: ["apple", "banana", "orange", "mango"]

Removing Elements:
You can remove elements from a list using the remove() method, which removes the first occurrence of the specified item. For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
fruits.remove("banana")
print(fruits)  # Output: ["apple", "orange"]

List Length:
You can find the length of a list using the len() function. For example:

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
print(len(fruits))  # Output: 3

List Slicing:
You can extract a portion of a list using slicing. Slicing allows you to specify a range of indices to extract. For example:

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(numbers[1:4])  # Output: [2, 3, 4]

please make sure to read and understand the lecture I provided on lists before answer the following questions

in Python, indexing starts from zero.the first element in a list has an index of 0, the second element has an index of 1, and so on

change the first choice by [1,2,3,4]

#code_challenge write a code that Check whether a list is empty or not

TUPLES IN PYTHON Tuples are an immutable data structure in Python, similar to lists. They are used to store a collection of related values that should not be changed. Tuples are often used to represent a group of items that belong together, such as coordinates, RGB color values, or database records.

Creating a Tuple:
To create a tuple, you can enclose a comma-separated sequence of items within parentheses (). For example:

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, "apple", "banana")


Alternatively, you can create a tuple without using parentheses by separating the values with commas:

my_tuple = 1, 2, 3, "apple", "banana"


Accessing Elements:
You can access individual elements in a tuple using their index, just like with lists. The index starts from 0 for the first element, 1 for the second element, and so on.

print(my_tuple[0])  # Output: 1
print(my_tuple[3])  # Output: "apple"


Tuples are immutable, which means you cannot modify their elements or assign new values to them. If you try to modify a tuple, you will get a TypeError.

my_tuple[0] = 10  # This will raise a TypeError


Tuple Packing and Unpacking:
You can create a tuple by simply separating values with commas, without using parentheses. This is called tuple packing.

my_tuple = 1, 2, 3


You can also assign the values of a tuple to multiple variables in a single line. This is called tuple unpacking.

a, b, c = my_tuple
print(a)  # Output: 1
print(b)  # Output: 2
print(c)  # Output: 3


Tuple Methods:
Tuples have fewer built-in methods compared to lists, but there are a few useful ones:

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

# Get the index of a specific element
index = my_tuple.index(3)
print(index)  # Output: 2

# Count the number of occurrences of an element
count = my_tuple.count(4)
print(count)  # Output: 1


Tuples are commonly used when you want to store a collection of values that should not be modified.