Vane Feedwell
Introduction
Thickening of solids to separate and recover water has been a critical step in mineral processing plants since the late 19
century. Initially due to effective dewatering of the solids being required to recover the valuable minerals, but now in the 21 century recovery and re-use of the water is equally important.
Development of flocculants in the early 1960’s started a
revolution in thickener design and operation eventually leading to the start of high rate thickening in the late 1960’s. These thickeners are characterised by a feedwell with a bottom plate to deflect the flocculated feed horizontally into a preformed flocculated bed.
Modern high rate thickeners generally incorporate some form of internal dilution into the feedwell to dilute the feed and improve flocculation. Other than some minor design changes feedwells in high rate thickeners have changed little for nearly 40 years.
The Feedwell’s Job
A thickener feedwell has six basic functions to fulfil:
1. Dissipate the energy of the incoming feed
2. Introduce dilution water to achieve the optimal density
in the feedwell for flocculation of the solids
3. Mix the flocculant into the incoming feed
4. Retain feed in the feedwell whilst dilution and
flocculation occur
5. Distribute the flocculated material evenly over the
thickener diameter
6. Deaeration of the incoming feed
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Introduction
Thickening of solids to separate and recover water has been a critical step in mineral processing plants since the late 19
century. Initially due to effective dewatering of the solids being required to recover the valuable minerals, but now in the 21 century recovery and re-use of the water is equally important.
Development of flocculants in the early 1960’s started a
revolution in thickener design and operation eventually leading to the start of high rate thickening in the late 1960’s. These thickeners are characterised by a feedwell with a bottom plate to deflect the flocculated feed horizontally into a preformed flocculated bed.
Modern high rate thickeners generally incorporate some form of internal dilution into the feedwell to dilute the feed and improve flocculation. Other than some minor design changes feedwells in high rate thickeners have changed little for nearly 40 years.
The Feedwell’s Job
A thickener feedwell has six basic functions to fulfil:
1. Dissipate the energy of the incoming feed
2. Introduce dilution water to achieve the optimal density
in the feedwell for flocculation of the solids
3. Mix the flocculant into the incoming feed
4. Retain feed in the feedwell whilst dilution and
flocculation occur
5. Distribute the flocculated material evenly over the
thickener diameter
6. Deaeration of the incoming feed
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The Vane Feedwell
A feedwell with an inner floor of vanes separating it into two chambers is the answer. The upper chamber is mixed using tangential feed entry and directional feed dilution whilst the lower chamber is maintained as a low shear zone that allows aggregates to grow prior to being evenly distributed into the main thickener body.
Extensive development and modelling of this idea, and others, by Outotec has led to the design seen in figure 👇. During the development phase Outotec, through their sponsorship of the AMIRA P266E “Improving Thickener Technology” project, engaged CSIRO’s Computational Fluid Dynamic modellers to verify and improve on the Next Generation design.
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A feedwell with an inner floor of vanes separating it into two chambers is the answer. The upper chamber is mixed using tangential feed entry and directional feed dilution whilst the lower chamber is maintained as a low shear zone that allows aggregates to grow prior to being evenly distributed into the main thickener body.
Extensive development and modelling of this idea, and others, by Outotec has led to the design seen in figure 👇. During the development phase Outotec, through their sponsorship of the AMIRA P266E “Improving Thickener Technology” project, engaged CSIRO’s Computational Fluid Dynamic modellers to verify and improve on the Next Generation design.
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OTE_Vane_Feedwell_eng_web.pdf
232.4 KB
OTE_Vane_Feedwell
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