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🔔🔔 Heap Leach Pads 📢📢

The stages for heap leaching can be described as:

1- Ground Preparation and pad construction: Here the soil on a slightly sloping ground is compacted and covered by an impermeable pad (can be made of plastic).
2- Ore stacking: Then the crushed ore is stacked in the form of big heaps. Amount of fines is decreases as low as possible to improve permeability.
3- Then the leaching agent such as cyanide or acid is sprayed over the heap.
4- As, the reagent passes through the heap; the valuable metals get dissolved in it.
5- The solution containing metal is drained from the heap and collected in a pond and the solution is sent for subsequent process for metal recovery.

Here is an illustration of the process:
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DESIGN

Conceptually there are a number of designs of heap leach pads to consider. The design will be determined by the geography, amount of space available or climate. The principal types available are:

✔️Reusable Pad
✔️Expanding Pad
✔️Valley Method

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🔔COMPONENTS OF A LEACH PAD


Pad Liner system: Liner system selection depends mostly on the type of material and the thickness of the layer.
Dirk Van Zyl described the liner for a heap leach pad system as:

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🔔OPERATION

Layers of coarse and fine textured ore inevitably develop within heap and dump leach piles as natural processes segregate coarse and fine material during material placement. Segregation of heap leach material will occur regardless of whether the material is agglomerated or non-agglomerated ... Under such conditions leaching solution flows preferentially in the more conductive layer, potentially leaving areas within the heap unleached. The preferred flow path is not dependent entirely on the physical properties of each layer, but also on the stress state and resulting degree of saturation, and therefore the solution application rate. For this reason either the coarse or the finer material can be the preferred flow path.

Thus it is not quite as simple as multiplying the area of the pad by the saturated hydraulic conductivity if you want to establish the maximum possible application rate.

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