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If there is a city in the Sverdlovsk region that could claim the role of the capital of the Cossacks, it was almost a hundred years Krasnoufimsk. From its founding until 1825, the Cossacks were the main social force here, and the city fulfilled its main role during this time with their hands – protecting the Ural factories from the restless Bashkirs, who could burn these factories in the worst case and deprive Russia of its support.

Every city has its founder, but not in all cases is this known. For Krasnoufimsk, it is Colonel (later Major General) Kutlu-Muhammed (Alexei Ivanovich) Tevkelev. This man proved to be an energetic military leader, capable diplomat, and administrator. In the southern Urals, he founded several fortresses that later became cities, including the most famous Chelyabinsk and Orenburg, with the former, like Krasnoufimsk, founded in 1736, and interestingly – both officially received city status in 1781. Previously, Tevkelev served as a translator for Peter the Great during his Prussian and Persian campaigns. In 1731, he led an important mission in the Little Horde, after which Kazakhstan was incorporated into Russia.

In the spring of 1734, Tevkelev chose a location on the road from the Bashkir lands towards the Ural factories and Yekaterinburg. He selected a hill in the valley of the Ufa River – Krasnyi Yar, where a wooden fortress was built in 1736. The word "krasny," meaning beautiful, remained in the city's name, while "yar" was eventually replaced by the name of the Ufa River. From this time until 1825, a Cossack garrison was stationed in the Krasnoufimsk fortress, fulfilling the main task of Krasnoufimsk throughout the 18th century – the protection of the Ural factories. They performed their duty well, and there were also instances where they repelled attacks.

In memory of the first Cossack period in Krasnoufimsk's history, one of the Cossack houses has been preserved in the city area since the 18th century, located at the entrance to the city from the Perm road. The house, built from six massive wreaths, lies near a steep bank of the Ufa and is considered the oldest structure in the city, dating back to the mid-18th century. An observation window and loopholes have been preserved in the wall.

The main monument of the Cossack period in Krasnoufimsk's history is the Holy Trinity Cathedral, built in 1804 using elements of the then-fading Baroque and the new classical style. This combination was popular in the construction of temples in the Middle Urals for about half a century. The Krasnoufimsk temple is one of the best examples of this architectural direction.

After the end of the Cossack period in its history, Krasnoufimsk developed into an agricultural, craft, and trade center. The introduction of municipal self-government in the city from 1870 played a significant role in the development of education, medicine, and culture.

It can be said that among the cities of the Middle Urals, the influence of the district council is best preserved in the appearance of Krasnoufimsk. From this period until the revolution of 1917, the appearance of the city's historical center was mainly formed, which has remained well-preserved around the Holy Trinity Cathedral to this day. Additionally, in Krasnoufimsk, one can see the entire range of public buildings from those years.

📍 Coordinates of the location (map point) available here

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