(φ (μ (λ)))
hadamard_essay_on_the_psychology_of_invention_in_mathematical_field.pdf
Interestingly I just remembered that Hadamard had independently proposed a method similar to gradient descent in 1907 [0], even though Cauchy from the famous Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is the one who's usually attributed for it. Even Haskell Curry had proven certain convergence properties of non-linear optimization for the first time in 1944 [1].
[0]: Hadamard, Jacques (1908). "Mémoire sur le problème d'analyse relatif à l'équilibre des plaques élastiques encastrées". Mémoires présentés par divers savants éstrangers à l'Académie des Sciences de l'Institut de France.
[1]: Curry, Haskell B. (1944). "The Method of Steepest Descent for Non-linear Minimization Problems". Quart. Appl. Math.
[0]: Hadamard, Jacques (1908). "Mémoire sur le problème d'analyse relatif à l'équilibre des plaques élastiques encastrées". Mémoires présentés par divers savants éstrangers à l'Académie des Sciences de l'Institut de France.
[1]: Curry, Haskell B. (1944). "The Method of Steepest Descent for Non-linear Minimization Problems". Quart. Appl. Math.
(φ (μ (λ)))
even though Cauchy from the famous Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is the one who's usually attributed for it.
For a historical treatment of gradient descent from Cauchy, Lemaréchal has a really nice and short paper on this:
Claude Lemaréchal, Cauchy and the Gradient Method (2012)
Claude Lemaréchal, Cauchy and the Gradient Method (2012)
“ ...algebra is to the geometer what you might call the Faustian offer. As you know, Faust in Goethe’s story was offered whatever he wanted (in his case the love of a beautiful woman), by the devil, in return for selling his soul. Algebra is the offer made by the devil to the mathematician. The devil says: I will give you this powerful machine, it will answer any question you like. All you need to do is give me your soul: give up geometry and you will have this marvellous machine.”
M. Atiyah, Mathematics in the 20th century, Bull. London Math. Soc. 34 (2002)
M. Atiyah, Mathematics in the 20th century, Bull. London Math. Soc. 34 (2002)
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Forwarded from A Math Book
Elementary Galois Theory.pdf
7.5 MB
Elementary Galois Theory: A Constructive Approach ( Marc Nieper-Wißkirchen ). Springer 2024
Also, importantly, the language really predates the notion that software itself might be a business, and certainly the notion that a programming language by itself would need or want to be sold separately. So the fact that it would not sell well was not exactly relevant. And what with free software and all, you can't much sell languages any more anyway, so it's come full circle and this is a strange time for anyone to have started complaining about how a language is packaged for sale.
And anyway, the subject line presupposes that Lisp has not caught on. This is like saying that astrophysics or calculus or brain surgery has not caught on because in relative numbers, there might be more people doing other things. The success of Lisp is not measured in the number of people using it, it's measured in the utility to those people who do use it. Turning it into C (or C++ or C#) to make it more popular would not be success. In the world's menu of computer language options, we don't need them all to be Taco Bell.
Kent Pitman on comp.lang.lisp
And anyway, the subject line presupposes that Lisp has not caught on. This is like saying that astrophysics or calculus or brain surgery has not caught on because in relative numbers, there might be more people doing other things. The success of Lisp is not measured in the number of people using it, it's measured in the utility to those people who do use it. Turning it into C (or C++ or C#) to make it more popular would not be success. In the world's menu of computer language options, we don't need them all to be Taco Bell.
Kent Pitman on comp.lang.lisp
Common Lisp Community Survey 2024 Results
https://blog.djhaskin.com/blog/common-lisp-community-survey-2024-results/
https://blog.djhaskin.com/blog/common-lisp-community-survey-2024-results/
sussmn-steele-art-of-interpreter.pdf
3.8 MB
Guy Lewis Steele Jr. & Gerald Jay Sussman, The Art of the Interpreter or, The Modularity Complex (1978)
(φ (μ (λ)))
sussmn-steele-art-of-interpreter.pdf
Guy Lewis Steele jr. & Gerald Jay Sussman, The Art of the Interpreter or, The Modularity Complex (1978)
#lang 2d racket
(require 2d/match)
(define (fizz? n)
(= 0 (modulo n 5)))
(define (buzz? n)
(= 0 (modulo n 3)))
(define (fizzbuzz n)
#2dmatch
╔═════════════════════╦══════════════╦════════════════════╗
║ (fizz? n) (buzz? n) ║ #t ║ #f ║
╠═════════════════════╬══════════════╬════════════════════╣
║ #t ║ "FizzBuzz" ║ "Buzz" ║
╠═════════════════════╬══════════════╬════════════════════╣
║ #f ║ "Fizz" ║ (number->string n) ║
╚═════════════════════╩══════════════╩════════════════════╝)
https://gist.github.com/nilp0inter/24b39c8372a90c92cea7e681162701d2
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