The developers of the WebAssembly spec aren’t dumb. For the most part it’s an extremely well-designed specification. However, they are weighed down by WebAssembly’s legacy. WebAssembly started out not as a bytecode, but more like a simplified binary representation for asm.js. Essentially it was originally designed to be source code, like JavaScript. It would be a more-efficient representation thereof but it still wasn’t a proper virtual machine instruction set. Then, it became a register machine, and only at the last minute did it switch to stack-based encoding for the operators. At that point, concepts like locals were quite entrenched in the spec. Not only that, but for the most part the WebAssembly specification team were flying blind. No streaming compiler had yet been built, hell, no compiler had yet been built. It wasn’t clear that having locals would be problematic - after all, C gets by just fine using local variables that the compiler constructs the SSA graph for.
(c) http://troubles.md/wasm-is-not-a-stack-machine/
(c) http://troubles.md/wasm-is-not-a-stack-machine/
The academic job market is structured in many respects like a drug gang, with an expanding mass of outsiders and a shrinking core of insiders. Even if the probability that you might get shot in academia is relatively small (unless you mark student papers very harshly), one can observe similar dynamics.
(c) https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2013/12/11/how-academia-resembles-a-drug-gang/ (по наводке от https://news.1rj.ru/str/nerdlair/239)
(c) https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2013/12/11/how-academia-resembles-a-drug-gang/ (по наводке от https://news.1rj.ru/str/nerdlair/239)
Impact of Social Sciences - Maximizing the impact of academic research
How Academia Resembles a Drug Gang - Impact of Social Sciences
Academic systems rely on the existence of a supply of “outsiders” ready to forgo wages and employment security in exchange for the prospect of uncertain security, prestige, freedom and reasonably high salaries that tenured positions entail. Drawing on data…
У нас нет стандарта. С середины 80-х появлялось много библиотек. Сегодня многие пользуются библиотекой Asio, которую технически можно назвать стандартной. Думаю, что в C++23 мы добавим её. Но начинаются разговоры, что нужно больше поддержки. Помимо Asio, нужно добавить то, чего не дает Asio. И это обыденный хаос в мире C++. У нас даже нет стандарта для места хранения библиотек. Никто как следует не позаботился о создании хорошего сообщества C++. Даже удивительно, как этот язык пережил десятилетия конкуренции.
(с) Бьярне Страуструп, https://habr.com/ru/company/jugru/blog/525288/
(с) Бьярне Страуструп, https://habr.com/ru/company/jugru/blog/525288/
Хабр
Бьярне Страуструп о контроле над языком, удалении старых функций, заимствованиях у Rust и многом другом
Этим летом на онлайн-конференции C++ Russia побывал самый почетный гость, какой только может быть на мероприятии по C++: создатель этого языка Бьярне Страуструп.
Название IPR, как вы могли догадаться, придумал я в свойственной мне «креативной манере», полностью оно звучит так: Internal Program Representation. Мне не нравится, когда его называют AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) потому, что это не синтаксис, не абстрактный и не древо. Но люди все называют это таким образом.
(c) Бьярне Страуструп
(c) Бьярне Страуструп
Мне кажется, C++ не создан для 80–85% программистов. Всегда стоит помнить об изначальной задумке создания языка: этот язык — распределенная система с прямым доступом к железу и немного повышенным уровнем сложности.
(c) Бьярне Страуструп
(c) Бьярне Страуструп
Поучительную историю о реиспользовании кода вспомнили в одном чатике. Посоны (airbus с подрядчиками) строили ракету, притом не в первый раз, пятую версию, и заюзали код от предыдущей, в котором ну точно ошибок не было (сотня успешных запусков). А далее по классике, новая ракета должна была лететь по другой траектории с другой скоростью:
- Velocity was represented as a 64-bit float
- A conversion into a 16-bit signed integer caused an overflow
- The current velocity of Ariane 5 was too high to be represented as a 16-bit integer
...
- The explosion occurred at an altitude of approximately 4 km, and the debris was scattered over an area of about 12 square km in the savanna and the surrounding swamps.
Статья с картинками и ссылками на репорты: https://hownot2code.com/2016/09/02/a-space-error-370-million-for-an-integer-overflow
Разборы кода (то, что выше несколько упрощенная интерпретация):
https://forum.oberoncore.ru/viewtopic.php?f=152&t=6389
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52792505/how-is-it-possible-in-ada-to-have-a-code-failure-from-assigning-a-64bit-floati/54345040#54345040
- Velocity was represented as a 64-bit float
- A conversion into a 16-bit signed integer caused an overflow
- The current velocity of Ariane 5 was too high to be represented as a 16-bit integer
...
- The explosion occurred at an altitude of approximately 4 km, and the debris was scattered over an area of about 12 square km in the savanna and the surrounding swamps.
Статья с картинками и ссылками на репорты: https://hownot2code.com/2016/09/02/a-space-error-370-million-for-an-integer-overflow
Разборы кода (то, что выше несколько упрощенная интерпретация):
https://forum.oberoncore.ru/viewtopic.php?f=152&t=6389
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52792505/how-is-it-possible-in-ada-to-have-a-code-failure-from-assigning-a-64bit-floati/54345040#54345040
Coding School
Home - Coding School
IT School Learn to programming in C C++ Java You… Read more
To make things worse, it is common for OCSP to use HTTP - I’m talking about good old plaintext HTTP on port 80, none of that HTTPS rubbish.
(c) https://blog.jacopo.io/en/post/apple-ocsp/
(c) https://blog.jacopo.io/en/post/apple-ocsp/
Practical type systems are often too complex to permit an affordable formal investigation, especially since language developers often lack the necessary expertise
(с) Type Systems for the Masses: Deriving Soundness Proofs and Efficient Checkers, Sylvia Grewe and others
(с) Type Systems for the Masses: Deriving Soundness Proofs and Efficient Checkers, Sylvia Grewe and others
There is a religious war between people who think dynamic checking is better and people who think static type checking is better. I believe that one of the reasons why this war has gone on for so long is that both groups have good points. (They also have some not-so-good points.) Unfortunately the two groups typically don’t acknowledge the good points made by the other group as being good points. My evaluation of the points, given below, will probably annoy both the static typing fans and the dynamic typing fans.
(c) What is Gradual Typing | Jeremy Siek
https://wphomes.soic.indiana.edu/jsiek/what-is-gradual-typing/
(c) What is Gradual Typing | Jeremy Siek
https://wphomes.soic.indiana.edu/jsiek/what-is-gradual-typing/
Jeremy Siek | Indiana University Bloomington
What is Gradual Typing | Jeremy Siek
(For a Japanese translation, go here) Gradual typing is a type system I developed with Walid Taha in 2006 that allows parts of a program to be dynamically typed and other parts to be statically typed. The programmer controls which parts are which by either…
Fun fact о понтах конца XIX века:
The treatise is written in Latin, which was already somewhat unusual at the time of publication, Latin having fallen out of favour as the lingua franca of scholarly communications by the end of the 19th century. The use of Latin in spite of this reflected Peano's belief in the universal importance of the work – which is now generally regarded as his most important contribution to arithmetic – and in that of universal communication.
(c) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetices_principia,_nova_methodo_exposita
The treatise is written in Latin, which was already somewhat unusual at the time of publication, Latin having fallen out of favour as the lingua franca of scholarly communications by the end of the 19th century. The use of Latin in spite of this reflected Peano's belief in the universal importance of the work – which is now generally regarded as his most important contribution to arithmetic – and in that of universal communication.
(c) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetices_principia,_nova_methodo_exposita
Wikipedia
Arithmetices principia, nova methodo exposita
The 1889 treatise Arithmetices principia, nova methodo exposita (The principles of arithmetic, presented by a new method; 1889) by Giuseppe Peano is a seminal document in mathematical logic and set theory, introducing what is now the standard axiomatization…
It’s a strange system, but perhaps not more so than the zoo of cute names and symbols Girard conferred to every construct.
(c) https://www.tweag.io/blog/2017-03-13-linear-types/
(c) https://www.tweag.io/blog/2017-03-13-linear-types/
www.tweag.io
Linear types make performance more predictable
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their vision, from research to product delivery.
It’s going to cause issues for some, but it isn’t catastrophic, and generally it’s a good thing.
(c) https://kubernetes.io/blog/2020/12/02/dont-panic-kubernetes-and-docker/
(c) https://kubernetes.io/blog/2020/12/02/dont-panic-kubernetes-and-docker/
Kubernetes
Don't Panic: Kubernetes and Docker
Update: Kubernetes support for Docker via dockershim is now removed. For more information, read the removal FAQ. You can also discuss the deprecation via a dedicated GitHub issue.
Kubernetes is deprecating Docker as a container runtime after v1.20.
You do…
Kubernetes is deprecating Docker as a container runtime after v1.20.
You do…
Treat with suspicion anyone who says abstractions are fundamentally leaky; maybe these people are just bad at abstraction.
(c) Sandy Maguire, Algebra-Driven Design
(c) Sandy Maguire, Algebra-Driven Design
The goal of abstraction is to shield us from the reality…
(c) Sandy Maguire
(c) Sandy Maguire
Only languages which exhibit an algebra or calculus for reasoning about the objects they purport to describe will be useful in the long run.
(с) J.N. Oliveira, Program Design by Calculation (retelling John Backus Turing Award Lecture)
(с) J.N. Oliveira, Program Design by Calculation (retelling John Backus Turing Award Lecture)
I'm shocked by the PL grad students who tell me they work in "verification" but don't know even really the most basic results about model checking or temporal logic. That kind of narrowness of vision is … not my style, let's say.
(с) Shriram Krishnamurthi (тот самый, который plai и papl, да), https://twitter.com/ShriramKMurthi/status/1339353472160952327
(с) Shriram Krishnamurthi (тот самый, который plai и papl, да), https://twitter.com/ShriramKMurthi/status/1339353472160952327
Twitter
ShriramKrishnamurthi
@notypes 40yo question. Similarly, in the 90s, whenever people would say "pure FP programs are so much easier to reason about" I'd ask "oh great, where's your prover and what programs hav you proved". The sound that followed was the shifting of goalposts.…
The focus towards Stream, while not exactly meeting the needs of enterprise use cases, wasn't the biggest problem, it was the unexpected change in the CentOS End Of Life (EOL) which moved from 2029 to 2021. But either one, much less both together, demonstrates that the Community Enterprise Operating System is not technically "community" or "enterprise". We have heard from many people now that this move has undermined not only trust in CentOS, but also other open source distributions of Linux which are commercially controlled. Who is to stop them from doing something very similar?
(с) Gregory Kutzer, https://en.m.wikinews.org/wiki/Gregory_Kurtzer_discusses_plans_for_Rocky_Linux_with_Wikinews_as_Red_Hat_announces_moving_focus_away_from_CentOS
(с) Gregory Kutzer, https://en.m.wikinews.org/wiki/Gregory_Kurtzer_discusses_plans_for_Rocky_Linux_with_Wikinews_as_Red_Hat_announces_moving_focus_away_from_CentOS
en.wikinews.org
Gregory Kurtzer discusses plans for Rocky Linux with Wikinews as Red Hat announces moving focus away from CentOS - Wikinews, the…
I'd rather hire a bunch of dumb mathematicians than one really smart one
(c) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0XmixCsWjs
О том, что гениальные ребята, которые привыкли держать любую задачу целиком в голове, частенько не умеют декомпозировать, и когда сталкиваются с проблемой, которая в очень умную голову не влезает, терпят фиаско. А глупые математики по кусочку, не торопясь, разгрызают проблему. Всё как у программистов. Там много всякого такого, житейская мудрость от Кметта, доклад нетехнический, но любопытный.
(c) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0XmixCsWjs
О том, что гениальные ребята, которые привыкли держать любую задачу целиком в голове, частенько не умеют декомпозировать, и когда сталкиваются с проблемой, которая в очень умную голову не влезает, терпят фиаско. А глупые математики по кусочку, не торопясь, разгрызают проблему. Всё как у программистов. Там много всякого такого, житейская мудрость от Кметта, доклад нетехнический, но любопытный.
A prime portrait is a prime number formatted as a matrix with X digits per line. When we select a color for each digit, we can generate an image.
Instead of doing this for many prime numbers and color schemes until you find something that resembles a known image, I have turned the process around. I have taken iconic images, such as the Mona Lisa and Starry Night, and converted them to images with only 10 colors. I assigned a digit to each color. Then I generated many similar images with a little bit of ‘noise’ added. The noise changed the colors in the images slightly, and thus the digits. If the digits in the image formed a prime number, I found a prime portrait!
(c) https://www.pinchofintelligence.com/painting-by-prime-number/
Instead of doing this for many prime numbers and color schemes until you find something that resembles a known image, I have turned the process around. I have taken iconic images, such as the Mona Lisa and Starry Night, and converted them to images with only 10 colors. I assigned a digit to each color. Then I generated many similar images with a little bit of ‘noise’ added. The noise changed the colors in the images slightly, and thus the digits. If the digits in the image formed a prime number, I found a prime portrait!
(c) https://www.pinchofintelligence.com/painting-by-prime-number/