GhostBat RAT Inside the Resurgence of RTO Themed Android Malware
https://cyble.com/blog/ghostbat-rat-inside-the-resurgence-of-rto-themed-android-malware/
@reverseengine
https://cyble.com/blog/ghostbat-rat-inside-the-resurgence-of-rto-themed-android-malware/
@reverseengine
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جریان اصلی وقتی یک تابع صدا زده میشه:
The basic flow when a function is called:
@reverseengine
1️⃣ call func
آدرس بعد از call (return address) پوش میشه رو استک
2️⃣ داخل تابع:
RBP ذخیره میشه
فریم استک ساخته میشه
3️⃣ متغیرها آرگومان ها استفاده میشن
4️⃣ leave → فریم قدیمی برگردونده میشه
5️⃣ ret → caller برگشت به
The basic flow when a function is called:
1️⃣ call func
The address after the call (return address) is pushed onto the stack
2️⃣ Inside the function:
RBP is saved
A stack frame is created
3️⃣ Variables and arguments are used
4️⃣ leave → Old frame is returned
5️⃣ ret → caller returns to
@reverseengine
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Safeguarding Code Against Reverse Engineering
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ie1eZSiMEJ8
https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/tree/main/2025-01-software_protection
@reverseengine
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ie1eZSiMEJ8
https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/tree/main/2025-01-software_protection
@reverseengine
YouTube
Webinar: Software Protection -- Safeguarding Code Against Reverse Engineering
Speakers: Tim Blazytko (Emproof)
Code and samples: https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/tree/main/2025-01-software_protection
Slides: https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/blob/main/2025-01-software_protection/slides.pdf
Abstract:
In our webinar…
Code and samples: https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/tree/main/2025-01-software_protection
Slides: https://github.com/emproof-com/webinars/blob/main/2025-01-software_protection/slides.pdf
Abstract:
In our webinar…
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DiffRays
ابزاری پژوهش محور برای تغییر پچ های باینریه که برای کمک به تحقیقات در زمینه توسعه اکسپلویت های آسیبپذیری و مهندسی معکوس طراحی شده
DiffRays is a research-oriented tool for binary patch diffing designed to aid in vulnerability research exploit development and reverse engineering
https://github.com/pwnfuzz/diffrays
@reverseengine
ابزاری پژوهش محور برای تغییر پچ های باینریه که برای کمک به تحقیقات در زمینه توسعه اکسپلویت های آسیبپذیری و مهندسی معکوس طراحی شده
DiffRays is a research-oriented tool for binary patch diffing designed to aid in vulnerability research exploit development and reverse engineering
https://github.com/pwnfuzz/diffrays
@reverseengine
GitHub
GitHub - pwnfuzz/diffrays: DiffRays is a research-oriented tool for binary patch diffing, designed to aid in vulnerability research…
DiffRays is a research-oriented tool for binary patch diffing, designed to aid in vulnerability research, exploit development, and reverse engineering. - pwnfuzz/diffrays
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Aiding Reverse Engineering with Rust and a local LLM
https://security.humanativaspa.it/aiding-reverse-engineering-with-rust-and-a-local-llm/
@reverseengine
https://security.humanativaspa.it/aiding-reverse-engineering-with-rust-and-a-local-llm/
@reverseengine
HN Security
Aiding reverse engineering with Rust and a local LLM - HN Security
Offensive Rust series article that introduces a new AI tool (oneiromancer) to aid with reverse engineering.
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Forwarded from Fuzzing ZONE (0xB01)
Talking with Ransomware Devman
https://analyst1.com/devmans-raas-launch-the-affiliate-who-aims-to-become-the-boss/
@FUZZ0x
https://analyst1.com/devmans-raas-launch-the-affiliate-who-aims-to-become-the-boss/
@FUZZ0x
Analyst1
Devman's RaaS Launch: The Affiliate Who Aims to Become the Boss
Jon DiMaggio interviews the new affiliate who aims to be the boss: Devman. Dive into the exploration of this new syndicate now.
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Reverse Engineering Focusing on x64 Windows
https://github.com/FaxHack/Reverse-Engineering-Course
@reverseengine
https://github.com/FaxHack/Reverse-Engineering-Course
@reverseengine
GitHub
GitHub - FaxHack/Reverse-Engineering-Course: Reverse engineering focusing on x64 Windows.
Reverse engineering focusing on x64 Windows. Contribute to FaxHack/Reverse-Engineering-Course development by creating an account on GitHub.
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بخش دوم بافر اورفلو
چطور استک کار میکنه؟ (فریم تابع و آدرس بازگشت)
ساختار فریم تابع در استک
نمایش saved return address و saved base pointer یادگرفتن اینکه چجوری ببینیم فریم ها داخل دیباگر و تشخیص نقاطی ان که overflow میتونه تاثیر بزاره روشون
میخایم بفهمیم وقتی یک تابع فراخوانی میشه چه چیزی روی استک قرار میگیره و چرا این برای بافر اورفلو مهمه
فریم تابع و آدرس بازگشت رو بررسی میکنیم و یاد میگیریم چطور در gdb فریم ها رو ببینیم
وقتی تابعی فراخوانی میشه یک فریم روی استک ساخته میشه فریم شامل پارامترها و local variables و saved base pointer و saved return address است
در معماری x86 64 معمولا که رجیستر rbp برای لینک فریم استفاده میشه و آدرس بازگشت بالای فریم قرار میگیره اگر یک بافر محلی روی استک قرار داشته باشه و داده بیش از حد نوشته بشه میتونه تا saved rbp و saved return address میتونه پیش بره و اونها رو بازنویسی کنه بازنویسی saved return address یعنی وقتی تابع برمیگرده برنامه ممکنه به جای آدرس درست به آدرس دیگه ای بره یا کرش کنه
نمایش فریم در دیباگر
در gdb با دستور backtrace میتونیم زنجیره فراخوانی ها رو ببینیم
با دستور info frame یا display memory میتونیم محتوای فریم جاری رو مشاهده کنیم
ما میگیم saved return address کجاست و چجوری میتونیم offset بین ابتدای بافر و آدرس بازگشت رو محاسبه کنیم
کد فایل demo2c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void vulnerable(char *input) {
char buffer[24];
printf("in vulnerable function\n");
strcpy(buffer, input);
printf("after strcpy\n");
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage demo2 input\n");
return 1;
}
vulnerable(argv[1]);
printf("returned normally\n");
return 0;
}
راهنمای اجرا
gcc -g demo2.c -o demo2
در VM امن و با snapshot اجرا کنید
gdb --args ./demo2 $(python3 -c "print('A'*80)")
داخل gdb از دستورات زیر استفاده کنید
break vulnerable
run
info frame
x/40gx $rbp
disassemble
continue
بعد از کرش از backtrace استفاده کنید
Part 2 Buffer Overflow
How does stack work? (Function Frame and Return Address)
Function Frame Structure on the Stack
Showing Saved Return Address and Saved Base Pointer Learn how to view frames in the debugger and identify where they can be affected by overflow
We want to understand what goes on the stack when a function is called and why this is important for buffer overflow
We will examine the function frame and return address and learn how to view frames in gdb
When a function is called, a frame is created on the stack. The frame contains parameters and local variables, the saved base pointer, and the saved return address
In the x86 64 architecture, the rbp register is usually used for frame linking and the return address is placed above the frame. If a local buffer is on the stack and too much data is written, it can go up to the saved rbp and saved return address and overwrite them. Overwriting the saved return address means that when the function returns, the program may go to another address instead of the correct address or Crash
Displaying frames in the debugger
In gdb, with the backtrace command, we can see the chain of calls
With the info frame or display memory command, we can see the contents of the current frame
We say where the saved return address is and how we can calculate the offset between the beginning of the buffer and the return address
Demo2c file code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void vulnerable(char *input) {
char buffer[24];
printf("in vulnerable function\n");
strcpy(buffer, input);
printf("after strcpy\n");
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage demo2 input\n");
return 1;
}
vulnerable(argv[1]);
printf("returned normally\n");
return 0;
}
Run Guide
gcc -g demo2.c -o demo2
Run in a secure VM with snapshot
gdb --args ./demo2 $(python3 -c "print('A'*80)")
Inside gdb use the following commands
break vulnerable
run
info frame
x/40gx $rbp
disassemble
continue
Use backtrace after crash
@reverseengine
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تصمیم گرفتم بافر اورفلو رو صفر تا صد تو چند تا قسمت توضیح بدم. اگه حمایتا خوب بود و راضی بودم، بقیه قسمت هاشم مینویسم.
I decided to explain Buffer Overflow from start to finish in a few parts. If the support is good and I'm satisfied, I'll write the rest of the parts.
I decided to explain Buffer Overflow from start to finish in a few parts. If the support is good and I'm satisfied, I'll write the rest of the parts.
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Ransomware Attack Update for the 15th of October 2025
https://darkwebinformer.com/ransomware-attack-update-for-the-15th-of-october-2025/
@reverseengine
https://darkwebinformer.com/ransomware-attack-update-for-the-15th-of-october-2025/
@reverseengine
Dark Web Informer - Cyber Threat Intelligence
Ransomware Attack Update for the 15th of October 2025
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Reverse Engineering Dotnet Applications
https://starkeblog.com/reverse-engineering/dotnet/2024/04/18/reverse-engineering-dotnet-applications.html?s=35
@reverseengine
https://starkeblog.com/reverse-engineering/dotnet/2024/04/18/reverse-engineering-dotnet-applications.html?s=35
@reverseengine
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