SQL Data Analytics Roadmap 👆

Essential Skills Excel for Data Analysts 🚀

1️⃣ Data Cleaning & Transformation

Remove Duplicates – Ensure unique records.
Find & Replace – Quick data modifications.
Text Functions – TRIM, LEN, LEFT, RIGHT, MID, PROPER.
Data Validation – Restrict input values.

2️⃣ Data Analysis & Manipulation

Sorting & Filtering – Organize and extract key insights.
Conditional Formatting – Highlight trends, outliers.
Pivot Tables – Summarize large datasets efficiently.
Power Query – Automate data transformation.

3️⃣ Essential Formulas & Functions

Lookup Functions – VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, XLOOKUP, INDEX-MATCH.
Logical Functions – IF, AND, OR, IFERROR, IFS.
Aggregation Functions – SUM, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, COUNT, COUNTA.
Text Functions – CONCATENATE, TEXTJOIN, SUBSTITUTE.

4️⃣ Data Visualization
Charts & Graphs – Bar, Line, Pie, Scatter, Histogram.

Sparklines – Miniature charts inside cells.
Conditional Formatting – Color scales, data bars.
Dashboard Creation – Interactive and dynamic reports.

5️⃣ Advanced Excel Techniques
Array Formulas – Dynamic calculations with multiple values.
Power Pivot & DAX – Advanced data modeling.
What-If Analysis – Goal Seek, Scenario Manager.
Macros & VBA – Automate repetitive tasks.

6️⃣ Data Import & Export
CSV & TXT Files – Import and clean raw data.
Power Query – Connect to databases, web sources.
Exporting Reports – PDF, CSV, Excel formats.

Here you can find some free Excel books & useful resources: https://news.1rj.ru/str/excel_data

Hope it helps :)

#dataanalyst

Step-by-step guide to become a Data Analyst in 2025—📊

1. Learn the Fundamentals:
Start with Excel, basic statistics, and data visualization concepts.

2. Pick Up Key Tools & Languages:
Master SQL, Python (or R), and data visualization tools like Tableau or Power BI.

3. Get Formal Education or Certification:
A bachelor’s degree in a relevant field (like Computer Science, Math, or Economics) helps, but you can also do online courses or certifications in data analytics.

4. Build Hands-on Experience:
Work on real-world projects—use Kaggle datasets, internships, or freelance gigs to practice data cleaning, analysis, and visualization.

5. Create a Portfolio:
Showcase your projects on GitHub or a personal website. Include dashboards, reports, and code samples.

6. Develop Soft Skills:
Focus on communication, problem-solving, teamwork, and attention to detail—these are just as important as technical skills.

7. Apply for Entry-Level Jobs:
Look for roles like “Junior Data Analyst” or “Business Analyst.” Tailor your resume to highlight your skills and portfolio.

8. Keep Learning:
Stay updated with new tools (like AI-driven analytics), trends, and advanced topics such as machine learning or domain-specific analytics.

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If you are targeting your first Data Analyst job then this is why you should avoid guided projects

The common thing nowadays is "Coffee Sales Analysis" and "Pizza Sales Analysis"

I don't see these projects as PROJECTS

But as big RED flags

We are showing our SKILLS through projects, RIGHT?

Then what's WRONG with these projects?

Don't think from YOUR side

Think from the HIRING team's side

These projects have more than a MILLION views on YouTube

Even if you consider 50% of this NUMBER

Then just IMAGINE how many aspiring Data Analysts would have created this same project

Hiring teams see hundreds of resumes and portfolios on a DAILY basis

Just imagine how many times they would have seen the SAME noscripts of projects again and again

They would know that these projects are PUBLICLY available for EVERYONE

You have simply copied pasted the ENTIRE project from YouTube

So now if I want to hire a Data Analyst then how would I JUDGE you or your technical skills?

What is the USE of Pizza or Coffee sales analysis projects for MY company?

By doing such guided projects, you are involving yourself in a big circle of COMPETITION

I repeat, there were more than a MILLION views

So please AVOID guided projects at all costs

Guided projects are good for your personal PRACTICE and LinkedIn CONTENT

But try not to involve them in your PORTFOLIO or RESUME

Python Cheatsheet ✅

Python Iterators 👆

Data Analyst Interview QnA

1. Find avg of salaries department wise from table.

Answer-

SELECT department_id, AVG(salary) AS avg_salary
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id;

2. What does Filter context in DAX mean?

Answer - Filter context in DAX refers to the subset of data that is actively being used in the calculation of a measure or in the evaluation of an expression. This context is determined by filters on the dashboard items like slicers, visuals, and filters pane which restrict the data being processed.

3. Explain how to implement Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI.

Answer - Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI can be implemented by:

- Creating roles within the Power BI service.
- Defining DAX expressions that specify the data each role can access.
- Assigning users to these roles either in Power BI or dynamically through AD group membership.

4. Create a dictionary, add elements to it, modify an element, and then print the dictionary in alphabetical order of keys.

Answer -

d = {'apple': 2, 'banana': 5}
d['orange'] = 3  # Add element
d['apple'] = 4   # Modify element
sorted_d = dict(sorted(d.items()))  # Sort dictionary
print(sorted_d)

5. Find and print duplicate values in a list of assorted numbers, along with the number of times each value is repeated.

Answer -

from collections import Counter

numbers = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 6, 7, 3, 8, 1]
count = Counter(numbers)
duplicates = {k: v for k, v in count.items() if v > 1}
print(duplicates)

Few ways to optimise SQL Queries 👇👇

Use Indexing: Properly indexing your database tables can significantly speed up query performance by allowing the database to quickly locate the rows needed for a query.

Optimize Joins: Minimize the number of joins and use appropriate join types (e.g., INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN) to ensure efficient data retrieval.

Avoid SELECT * : Instead of selecting all columns using SELECT *, explicitly specify only the columns needed for the query to reduce unnecessary data transfer and processing overhead.

Use WHERE Clause Wisely: Filter rows early in the query using WHERE clause to reduce the dataset size before joining or aggregating data.

Avoid Subqueries: Whenever possible, rewrite subqueries as JOINs or use Common Table Expressions (CTEs) for better performance.

Limit the Use of DISTINCT: Minimize the use of DISTINCT as it requires sorting and duplicate removal, which can be resource-intensive for large datasets.

Optimize GROUP BY and ORDER BY: Use GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses judiciously, and ensure that they are using indexed columns whenever possible to avoid unnecessary sorting.

Consider Partitioning: Partition large tables to distribute data across multiple nodes, which can improve query performance by reducing I/O operations.

Monitor Query Performance: Regularly monitor query performance using tools like query execution plans, database profiler, and performance monitoring tools to identify and address bottlenecks.

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Data Analyst Interview Questions ✅

Q1: How would you analyze data to understand user connection patterns on a professional network?

Ans: I'd use graph databases like Neo4j for social network analysis. By analyzing connection patterns, I can identify influencers or isolated communities.

Q2: Describe a challenging data visualization you created to represent user engagement metrics.

Ans: I visualized multi-dimensional data showing user engagement across features, regions, and time using tools like D3.js, creating an interactive dashboard with drill-down capabilities.

Q3: How would you identify and target passive job seekers on LinkedIn?

Ans: I'd analyze user behavior patterns, like increased profile updates, frequent visits to job postings, or engagement with career-related content, to identify potential passive job seekers.

Q4: How do you measure the effectiveness of a new feature launched on LinkedIn?

Ans: I'd set up A/B tests, comparing user engagement metrics between those who have access to the new feature and a control group. I'd then analyze metrics like time spent, feature usage frequency, and overall platform engagement to measure effectiveness.

Hope it helps :)

You’re not a failure as a data analyst if:

• It takes you more than two months to land a job (remove the time expectation!)

• Complex concepts don’t immediately sink in

• You use Google/YouTube daily on the job (this is a sign you’re successful, actually)

• You don’t make as much money as others in the field

• You don’t code in 12 different languages (SQL is all you need. Add Python later if you want.)