Dell XPS with Ubuntu Option Due Soon
Dell has announced the return of its XPS laptop line at CES 2026, introducing redesigned 14-inch and 16-inch models, the former of which will be available to buy pre-loaded with Ubuntu later this year. The tech company retired the XPS branding in last January as part of a marketing revamp of its product lines. Inspiron, Latitude, and Precision devices became “Dell,” “Dell Pro,” and “Dell Pro Max” respectively, while XPS models were re-badged “Dell Premium”. But you can’t keep a good brand down for long, and the XPS has returned — with some notable design changes in tow. The company […]
You're reading Dell XPS with Ubuntu Option Due Soon, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/new-dell-xps-2026-with-ubuntu
Dell has announced the return of its XPS laptop line at CES 2026, introducing redesigned 14-inch and 16-inch models, the former of which will be available to buy pre-loaded with Ubuntu later this year. The tech company retired the XPS branding in last January as part of a marketing revamp of its product lines. Inspiron, Latitude, and Precision devices became “Dell,” “Dell Pro,” and “Dell Pro Max” respectively, while XPS models were re-badged “Dell Premium”. But you can’t keep a good brand down for long, and the XPS has returned — with some notable design changes in tow. The company […]
You're reading Dell XPS with Ubuntu Option Due Soon, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/new-dell-xps-2026-with-ubuntu
Выпуск фильтрующего прокси Privoxy 4.1.0
После года разработки опубликован релиз прокси-сервера Privoxy 4.1.0, предназначенного для создания персональных фильтров web-контента. При помощи Privoxy можно вырезать рекламные вставки, отбрасывать отслеживающие Cookie, удалять всплывающие диалоги, блокировать загрузку стороннего JavaScript-кода и вносить необходимые пользователю произвольные изменения в web-страницы. Privoxy поддерживает установку как на локальные системы отдельных пользователей, так и на серверы для создания централизованной инфраструктуры фильтрации контента в локальной сети. Код проекта написан на языке Си и распространяется под лицензией GPLv2+. Готовые сборки подготовлены для Linux (deb) и Windows.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=64568
После года разработки опубликован релиз прокси-сервера Privoxy 4.1.0, предназначенного для создания персональных фильтров web-контента. При помощи Privoxy можно вырезать рекламные вставки, отбрасывать отслеживающие Cookie, удалять всплывающие диалоги, блокировать загрузку стороннего JavaScript-кода и вносить необходимые пользователю произвольные изменения в web-страницы. Privoxy поддерживает установку как на локальные системы отдельных пользователей, так и на серверы для создания централизованной инфраструктуры фильтрации контента в локальной сети. Код проекта написан на языке Си и распространяется под лицензией GPLv2+. Готовые сборки подготовлены для Linux (deb) и Windows.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=64568
www.opennet.ru
Выпуск фильтрующего прокси Privoxy 4.1.0
После года разработки опубликован релиз прокси-сервера Privoxy 4.1.0, предназначенного для создания персональных фильтров web-контента. При помощи Privoxy можно вырезать рекламные вставки, отбрасывать отслеживающие Cookie, удалять всплывающие диалоги, блокировать…
Утечка BootROM-ключей Sony Playstation 5
В открытый доступ попал архив, в котором были найдены BootROM-ключи для игровой приставки Sony Playstation 5, применяемые для расшифровки и верификации начального загрузчика. При помощи данных ключей можно сформировать собственный загрузчик, успешно проходящий верификацию, и применить его для запуска собственного варианта прошивки. Содержимое BootROM не может быть изменено программно или через обновление прошивки, поэтому уязвимость рассматривается как аппаратная проблема, которая останется во всех уже выпущенных приставках. Устранение проблемы возможно только через выпуск новых APU с новыми BootROM-ключами. Ранее похожие проблемы с ключами уже возникали приставках Nintendo Switch и Sony Playstation 3.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=64569
В открытый доступ попал архив, в котором были найдены BootROM-ключи для игровой приставки Sony Playstation 5, применяемые для расшифровки и верификации начального загрузчика. При помощи данных ключей можно сформировать собственный загрузчик, успешно проходящий верификацию, и применить его для запуска собственного варианта прошивки. Содержимое BootROM не может быть изменено программно или через обновление прошивки, поэтому уязвимость рассматривается как аппаратная проблема, которая останется во всех уже выпущенных приставках. Устранение проблемы возможно только через выпуск новых APU с новыми BootROM-ключами. Ранее похожие проблемы с ключами уже возникали приставках Nintendo Switch и Sony Playstation 3.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=64569
www.opennet.ru
Утечка BootROM-ключей Sony Playstation 5
В открытый доступ попал набор данных, в котором были найдены BootROM-ключи для игровой приставки Sony Playstation 5, применяемые для расшифровки и верификации начального загрузчика. При помощи данных ключей можно сформировать изменённый загрузчик, успешно…
❤1
GStreamer 1.28 Release Candidate Now Available for Testing with Rust Goodies
GStreamer 1.28 open-source multimedia framework now has a first Release Candidate (RC) available for public testing. Here's what's new!
The post GStreamer 1.28 Release Candidate Now Available for Testing with Rust Goodies appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/gstreamer-1-28-release-candidate-now-available-for-testing-with-rust-goodies
GStreamer 1.28 open-source multimedia framework now has a first Release Candidate (RC) available for public testing. Here's what's new!
The post GStreamer 1.28 Release Candidate Now Available for Testing with Rust Goodies appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/gstreamer-1-28-release-candidate-now-available-for-testing-with-rust-goodies
📰 Dell XPS with Ubuntu Option Due Soon
Dell has announced the return of its XPS laptop line at CES 2026, introducing redesigned 14-inch and 16-inch models, the former of which will be available to buy pre-loaded with Ubuntu later this year. The tech company retired the XPS branding in last January as part of a marketing revamp of its product lines. Inspiron, Latitude, and Precision devices became “Dell,” “Dell Pro,” and “Dell Pro Max” respectively, while XPS models were re-badged...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/new-dell-xps-2026-with-ubuntu
Dell has announced the return of its XPS laptop line at CES 2026, introducing redesigned 14-inch and 16-inch models, the former of which will be available to buy pre-loaded with Ubuntu later this year. The tech company retired the XPS branding in last January as part of a marketing revamp of its product lines. Inspiron, Latitude, and Precision devices became “Dell,” “Dell Pro,” and “Dell Pro Max” respectively, while XPS models were re-badged...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/new-dell-xps-2026-with-ubuntu
OMG! Ubuntu
New Dell XPS 14 and 16 Announced, Ubuntu Version Coming This Year
Dell revives XPS brand with redesigned 14 and 16-inch laptops. Ubuntu 24.04 support coming to XPS 14 later this year. Details and specs inside.
GCLI 2.10.0
31 декабря, после почти трёх месяцев разработки, состоялся выпуск 2.10.0 консольной утилиты GCLI, предназначенной для взаимодействия с API нескольких популярных сервисов хостинга Git-проектов, и позволяет создавать, просматривать и взаимодействовать с проблемами, запросами на слияние, метками и комментариями к ним, проверять состояние CI и конвейеров, и многое другое.
И, в отличие от GitHub CLI, GCLI поддерживает не только API GitHub, но и API GitLab, Gitea, Forgejo и Bugzilla.
( читать дальше... )
c, gcli, vcs, консоль, утилита
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.linux.org.ru/news/development/18187879
31 декабря, после почти трёх месяцев разработки, состоялся выпуск 2.10.0 консольной утилиты GCLI, предназначенной для взаимодействия с API нескольких популярных сервисов хостинга Git-проектов, и позволяет создавать, просматривать и взаимодействовать с проблемами, запросами на слияние, метками и комментариями к ним, проверять состояние CI и конвейеров, и многое другое.
И, в отличие от GitHub CLI, GCLI поддерживает не только API GitHub, но и API GitLab, Gitea, Forgejo и Bugzilla.
( читать дальше... )
c, gcli, vcs, консоль, утилита
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.linux.org.ru/news/development/18187879
www.linux.org.ru
GCLI 2.10.0
31 декабря, после почти трёх месяцев разработки, состоялся выпуск 2.10.0 консольной утилиты GCLI https://herrhotzenplotz.de/gcli , предназначенной для взаимодействия с API нескольких популярных сервисов хостинга Git-проектов, и позволяет создавать, п...
📰 AMD Announces Ryzen 7 9850X3D, New Strix Halo SKUs & Ryzen AI 400 Series
Lisa Su's keynote just wrapped up at CES 2026 and in turn the embargo regarding AMD's first consumer product announcements for 2026. The AMD Ryzen AI 400 series and new Ryzen 7 9850X3D 3D V-Cache processors are what's in focus for CES this year.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/review/amd-ryzen-ai-400-9850x3d
Lisa Su's keynote just wrapped up at CES 2026 and in turn the embargo regarding AMD's first consumer product announcements for 2026. The AMD Ryzen AI 400 series and new Ryzen 7 9850X3D 3D V-Cache processors are what's in focus for CES this year.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/review/amd-ryzen-ai-400-9850x3d
Phoronix
AMD Announces Ryzen 7 9850X3D, New Strix Halo SKUs & Ryzen AI 400 Series
Lisa Su's keynote just wrapped up at CES 2026 and in turn the embargo regarding AMD's first consumer product announcements for 2026.
AI hits the Human Wall
In an interview, Anthropic's Daniela Amodei suggested that AI deployments "might hit a wall because of human reasons." This post summarizes my views on the new Human Wall, based on my more detailed discussion of the interview in which Anthropic's president also touches on the outdated AGI concept, the discontinuation of exponentials, and the AI bubble.
Source
👉@sysadminoff
https://4sysops.com/archives/ai-hits-the-human-wall/
In an interview, Anthropic's Daniela Amodei suggested that AI deployments "might hit a wall because of human reasons." This post summarizes my views on the new Human Wall, based on my more detailed discussion of the interview in which Anthropic's president also touches on the outdated AGI concept, the discontinuation of exponentials, and the AI bubble.
Source
👉@sysadminoff
https://4sysops.com/archives/ai-hits-the-human-wall/
📰 New n8n Vulnerability (9.9 CVSS) Lets Authenticated Users Execute System Commands
A new critical security vulnerability has been disclosed in n8n, an open-source workflow automation platform, that could enable an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary system commands on the underlying host.The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-68668, is rated 9.9 on the CVSS scoring system. It has been described as a case of a protection mechanism failure.It affects n8n versions from.
🔗 Source: https://thehackernews.com/2026/01/new-n8n-vulnerability-99-cvss-lets.html
👉@sysadminoff
A new critical security vulnerability has been disclosed in n8n, an open-source workflow automation platform, that could enable an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary system commands on the underlying host.The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-68668, is rated 9.9 on the CVSS scoring system. It has been described as a case of a protection mechanism failure.It affects n8n versions from.
🔗 Source: https://thehackernews.com/2026/01/new-n8n-vulnerability-99-cvss-lets.html
👉@sysadminoff
📰 KDE Plasma 6.6 will finally stop the system sleeping when gaming with a controller
Finally! One of the most annoying issues is your system going to sleep while gaming with a controller, and KDE Plasma 6.6 will solve it..Read the full article on GamingOnLinux.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2026/01/kde-plasma-6-6-will-finally-stop-the-system-sleeping-when-gaming-with-a-controller/
Finally! One of the most annoying issues is your system going to sleep while gaming with a controller, and KDE Plasma 6.6 will solve it..Read the full article on GamingOnLinux.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2026/01/kde-plasma-6-6-will-finally-stop-the-system-sleeping-when-gaming-with-a-controller/
GamingOnLinux
KDE Plasma 6.6 will finally stop the system sleeping when gaming with a controller
Finally! One of the most annoying issues is your system going to sleep while gaming with a controller, and KDE Plasma 6.6 will solve it.
StarBook Horizon Linux Laptop Now on Sale with 32GB RAM, Wi-Fi 6E, and Coreboot
Linux hardware vendor StarLabs announced today that its StarBook Horizon Linux-powered laptop is now on sale as a 13-inch Coreboot notebook designed for privacy and …
The post StarBook Horizon Linux Laptop Now on Sale with 32GB RAM, Wi-Fi 6E, and Coreboot appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon-linux-laptop-now-on-sale-with-32gb-ram-wi-fi-6e-and-coreboot
Linux hardware vendor StarLabs announced today that its StarBook Horizon Linux-powered laptop is now on sale as a 13-inch Coreboot notebook designed for privacy and …
The post StarBook Horizon Linux Laptop Now on Sale with 32GB RAM, Wi-Fi 6E, and Coreboot appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon-linux-laptop-now-on-sale-with-32gb-ram-wi-fi-6e-and-coreboot
📰 StarBook Horizon Linux Laptop Now on Sale with 32GB RAM, Wi-Fi 6E, and Coreboot
Linux hardware vendor StarLabs announced today that its StarBook Horizon Linux-powered laptop is now on sale as a 13-inch Coreboot notebook designed for privacy and …
🔗 Source: https://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon-linux-laptop-now-on-sale-with-32gb-ram-wi-fi-6e-and-coreboot
👉@sysadminoff
http://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon
Linux hardware vendor StarLabs announced today that its StarBook Horizon Linux-powered laptop is now on sale as a 13-inch Coreboot notebook designed for privacy and …
🔗 Source: https://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon-linux-laptop-now-on-sale-with-32gb-ram-wi-fi-6e-and-coreboot
👉@sysadminoff
http://9to5linux.com/starbook-horizon
9to5Linux
StarBook Horizon Linux Laptop Now on Sale with 32GB RAM, Wi-Fi 6E, and Coreboot
StarBook Horizon Linux laptop
📰 AMD Releases GAIA 0.15 - Positioning It As A Framework/SDK For Building AI PC Agents
Last year AMD announced GAIA as short for "Generative AI Is Awesome". It started off as a Windows-only AI demo but over time added Linux support along with introducing different AI agents. For going along with AMD's AI announcements at CES 2026, AMD released GAIA 0.15 where they are now positioning this software as a framework/SDK for building AI PC agents...
🔗 Source: https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-GAIA-0.15
👉@sysadminoff
https://ift.tt/ftnaExL
Last year AMD announced GAIA as short for "Generative AI Is Awesome". It started off as a Windows-only AI demo but over time added Linux support along with introducing different AI agents. For going along with AMD's AI announcements at CES 2026, AMD released GAIA 0.15 where they are now positioning this software as a framework/SDK for building AI PC agents...
🔗 Source: https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-GAIA-0.15
👉@sysadminoff
https://ift.tt/ftnaExL
Phoronix
AMD Releases GAIA 0.15 - Positioning It As A Framework/SDK For Building AI PC Agents
Last year AMD announced GAIA as short for 'Generative AI Is Awesome'
📰 My Raspberry Pi is at its best when it does exactly one thing
I lost track of how many times Jellyfin buffered while I tried to turn on my smart lights. How many times have I noticed the LED blinking frantically on my Raspberry Pi’s case. How many times SSH would stop responding, and I had to walk over to perform a hard reset. And I thought it was normal.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.xda-developers.com/my-raspberry-pi-is-at-its-best-when-it-does-exactly-one-thing/
I lost track of how many times Jellyfin buffered while I tried to turn on my smart lights. How many times have I noticed the LED blinking frantically on my Raspberry Pi’s case. How many times SSH would stop responding, and I had to walk over to perform a hard reset. And I thought it was normal.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.xda-developers.com/my-raspberry-pi-is-at-its-best-when-it-does-exactly-one-thing/
XDA
My Raspberry Pi is at its best when it does exactly one thing
Pick a task and stick to it
📰 Redox OS Begins Developing Its Own Intel Graphics Driver
The Rust-written Redox OS operating system had an exciting end to the year as it began developing its own native Intel graphics driver...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/news/Redox-OS-Own-Intel-GPU-Driver
The Rust-written Redox OS operating system had an exciting end to the year as it began developing its own native Intel graphics driver...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/news/Redox-OS-Own-Intel-GPU-Driver
Phoronix
Redox OS Begins Developing Its Own Intel Graphics Driver
The Rust-written Redox OS operating system had an exciting end to the year as it began developing its own native Intel graphics driver.
📰 Transparent Hugepage Performance On Linux 6.18 LTS: Madvise vs. Always
With some Linux distributions like Fedora Workstation and Ubuntu defaulting to "madvise" Transparent Hugepages (THP) while others like CachyOS and openSUSE defaulting to "always", you may be curious about the madvise vs. always THP difference in modern Linux environments. If so this round of benchmarking is for you in looking at the performance impact of madvise vs. always THP.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/review/thp-madvise-always
With some Linux distributions like Fedora Workstation and Ubuntu defaulting to "madvise" Transparent Hugepages (THP) while others like CachyOS and openSUSE defaulting to "always", you may be curious about the madvise vs. always THP difference in modern Linux environments. If so this round of benchmarking is for you in looking at the performance impact of madvise vs. always THP.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/review/thp-madvise-always
Phoronix
Transparent Hugepage Performance On Linux 6.18 LTS: Madvise vs. Always
With some Linux distributions like Fedora Workstation and Ubuntu defaulting to 'madvise' Transparent Hugepages (THP) while others like CachyOS and openSUSE defaulting to 'always', you may be curious about the madvise vs.
📰 First Look at Devuan GNU+Linux 6 “Excalibur” on Raspberry Pi 5
Here’s our first look at the Devuan GNU+Linux 6 "Excalibur" operating system series on the Raspberry Pi 5 single-board computer.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/first-look-at-devuan-gnulinux-6-excalibur-on-raspberry-pi-5
Here’s our first look at the Devuan GNU+Linux 6 "Excalibur" operating system series on the Raspberry Pi 5 single-board computer.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/first-look-at-devuan-gnulinux-6-excalibur-on-raspberry-pi-5
9to5Linux
First Look at Devuan GNU+Linux 6 “Excalibur” on Raspberry Pi 5
Here’s our first look at the Devuan GNU+Linux 6 "Excalibur" operating system series on the Raspberry Pi 5 single-board computer.
First Look at Devuan GNU+Linux 6 “Excalibur” on Raspberry Pi 5
Here’s our first look at the Devuan GNU+Linux 6 "Excalibur" operating system series on the Raspberry Pi 5 single-board computer.
The post First Look at Devuan GNU+Linux 6 “Excalibur” on Raspberry Pi 5 appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/first-look-at-devuan-gnulinux-6-excalibur-on-raspberry-pi-5
Here’s our first look at the Devuan GNU+Linux 6 "Excalibur" operating system series on the Raspberry Pi 5 single-board computer.
The post First Look at Devuan GNU+Linux 6 “Excalibur” on Raspberry Pi 5 appeared first on 9to5Linux - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
👉@sysadminoff
https://9to5linux.com/first-look-at-devuan-gnulinux-6-excalibur-on-raspberry-pi-5
📰 Debian Urgently Seeks Volunteers After Data Protection Team Resigns
Debian seeks contributors with an interest in privacy to restore its Data Protection Team after all members stepped back.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://linuxiac.com/debian-urgently-seeks-volunteers-after-data-protection-team-resigns/
Debian seeks contributors with an interest in privacy to restore its Data Protection Team after all members stepped back.
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://linuxiac.com/debian-urgently-seeks-volunteers-after-data-protection-team-resigns/
Linuxiac
Debian Urgently Seeks Volunteers After Data Protection Team Resigns
Debian seeks contributors interested in privacy to restore its Data Protection Team after all members stepped back, shifting responsibilities temporarily to the project leader.
📰 Gentoo Linux Made Progress On RISC-V, WSL & More In 2025 While Pulling In Just $12k USD
The Gentoo Linux project published their 2025 retrospective this week with their many accomplishments, including the recruitment of four more developers and now being up to 31,663 ebuilds and a total of 89GB worth of x86_64 binary packages on mirrors...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/news/Gentoo-2025-Accomplishments
The Gentoo Linux project published their 2025 retrospective this week with their many accomplishments, including the recruitment of four more developers and now being up to 31,663 ebuilds and a total of 89GB worth of x86_64 binary packages on mirrors...
🔗 Source:
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.phoronix.com/news/Gentoo-2025-Accomplishments
Phoronix
Gentoo Linux Made Progress On RISC-V, WSL & More In 2025 While Pulling In Just $12k USD
The Gentoo Linux project published their 2025 retrospective this week with their many accomplishments, including the recruitment of four more developers and now being up to 31,663 ebuilds and a total of 89GB worth of x86_64 binary packages on mirrors
Bazaar (Desktop Flathub App) Gets Considered Updates
If you use Flathub on Ubuntu you likely already use (or at least know of) Bazaar, a GTK4/libadwaita frontend that makes it trivial to search, manage and update Flatpak apps from this popular repo. Bazaar gets updated frequently (I’ve covered some updates in my monthly Linux App Release Roundup series). In the past few weeks the app has been update with further improvements, features and design tweaks. Chief among them, a new app icon. I know everyone cares about icons as much as I do, but a well designed icon with a clear metaphor (and, ideally, some colour to keep […]
You're reading Bazaar (Desktop Flathub App) Gets Considered Updates, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/bazaar-linux-app-new-icon-other-changes
If you use Flathub on Ubuntu you likely already use (or at least know of) Bazaar, a GTK4/libadwaita frontend that makes it trivial to search, manage and update Flatpak apps from this popular repo. Bazaar gets updated frequently (I’ve covered some updates in my monthly Linux App Release Roundup series). In the past few weeks the app has been update with further improvements, features and design tweaks. Chief among them, a new app icon. I know everyone cares about icons as much as I do, but a well designed icon with a clear metaphor (and, ideally, some colour to keep […]
You're reading Bazaar (Desktop Flathub App) Gets Considered Updates, a blog post from OMG! Ubuntu. Do not reproduce elsewhere without permission.
👉@sysadminoff
https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2026/01/bazaar-linux-app-new-icon-other-changes