𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗮’𝘀 𝗕𝗶𝗴𝗴𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗛𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗻 | 𝗔𝗜 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗻😍
Participate in the national AI hackathon under the India AI Impact Summit 2026
Submission deadline: 5th February 2026
Grand Finale: 16th February 2026, New Delhi
𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗡𝗼𝘄👇:-
https://pdlink.in/4qQfAOM
a flagship initiative of the Government of India 🇮🇳
Participate in the national AI hackathon under the India AI Impact Summit 2026
Submission deadline: 5th February 2026
Grand Finale: 16th February 2026, New Delhi
𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗡𝗼𝘄👇:-
https://pdlink.in/4qQfAOM
a flagship initiative of the Government of India 🇮🇳
❤2
Glad to see the amazing response on Web Development Roadmap. ❤️
Today, let's start with the first topic:
✅ How the web works, browser, server, HTTP
How the web works
- You open a website by typing a URL in the browser
- Example:
- The browser breaks the URL into parts
- Protocol: https
- Domain: example.com
- Path: /
- The browser asks DNS for the server IP
- DNS works like a phonebook
- It returns an IP like 93.184.216.34
- The browser connects to the server using this IP
- A request goes to the server
- The server sends a response
- The browser renders the response as a webpage
Browser explained
- Browser is a client
- Examples: Chrome, Firefox, Edge
- Your code runs here
- Browser responsibilities:
- Sends HTTP requests
- Receives HTTP responses
- Parses HTML
- Applies CSS
- Executes JavaScript
Real example
- You click a button
- JavaScript runs in the browser
- It sends a request using fetch
- Browser waits for response
Server explained
- Server is a machine running 24x7
- It listens for requests
- It processes logic
- It sends responses
- Server responsibilities:
- Handle requests
- Run backend code
- Talk to database
- Return data or HTML
- Examples:
- Node.js server with Express
- Python server with Django
- Java server with Spring
HTTP explained
- HTTP means HyperText Transfer Protocol
- It defines how browser and server talk
- Request contains:
- Method
- URL
- Headers
- Body
- Common HTTP methods:
- GET: Fetch data
- POST: Send data
- PUT: Update data
- DELETE: Remove data
- Response contains:
- Status code
- Headers
- Body
- Common status codes:
- 200: Success
- 201: Created
- 400: Bad request
- 401: Unauthorized
- 404: Not found
- 500: Server error
Simple flow example
- You open a login page
- Browser sends GET request
- Server sends HTML
- You submit form
- Browser sends POST request
- Server validates data
- Server sends response
Why this matters for you
- You understand frontend vs backend clearly
- You debug API issues faster
- You build better full stack apps
- You explain system flow in interviews
Mini practice task
- Open any website
- Open DevTools
- Go to Network tab
- Reload page
- Observe requests and status codes
Double Tap ♥️ For More
Today, let's start with the first topic:
✅ How the web works, browser, server, HTTP
How the web works
- You open a website by typing a URL in the browser
- Example:
https://example.com/- The browser breaks the URL into parts
- Protocol: https
- Domain: example.com
- Path: /
- The browser asks DNS for the server IP
- DNS works like a phonebook
- It returns an IP like 93.184.216.34
- The browser connects to the server using this IP
- A request goes to the server
- The server sends a response
- The browser renders the response as a webpage
Browser explained
- Browser is a client
- Examples: Chrome, Firefox, Edge
- Your code runs here
- Browser responsibilities:
- Sends HTTP requests
- Receives HTTP responses
- Parses HTML
- Applies CSS
- Executes JavaScript
Real example
- You click a button
- JavaScript runs in the browser
- It sends a request using fetch
- Browser waits for response
Server explained
- Server is a machine running 24x7
- It listens for requests
- It processes logic
- It sends responses
- Server responsibilities:
- Handle requests
- Run backend code
- Talk to database
- Return data or HTML
- Examples:
- Node.js server with Express
- Python server with Django
- Java server with Spring
HTTP explained
- HTTP means HyperText Transfer Protocol
- It defines how browser and server talk
- Request contains:
- Method
- URL
- Headers
- Body
- Common HTTP methods:
- GET: Fetch data
- POST: Send data
- PUT: Update data
- DELETE: Remove data
- Response contains:
- Status code
- Headers
- Body
- Common status codes:
- 200: Success
- 201: Created
- 400: Bad request
- 401: Unauthorized
- 404: Not found
- 500: Server error
Simple flow example
- You open a login page
- Browser sends GET request
- Server sends HTML
- You submit form
- Browser sends POST request
- Server validates data
- Server sends response
Why this matters for you
- You understand frontend vs backend clearly
- You debug API issues faster
- You build better full stack apps
- You explain system flow in interviews
Mini practice task
- Open any website
- Open DevTools
- Go to Network tab
- Reload page
- Observe requests and status codes
Double Tap ♥️ For More
❤20👏2
🚀 𝟰 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 𝗧𝗲𝗰𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝗧𝗼 𝗘𝗻𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗹 𝗜𝗻 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟲 😍
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More Courses – https://pdlink.in/4qgtrxU
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Now, let's move to the next topic:
Web Basics Part:2 - HTML Structure and Core Tags
What HTML Is
• HTML means HyperText Markup Language
• Defines page structure
• Tells the browser what each part is
Basic HTML Structure
• <!DOCTYPE html>: Tells browser this is HTML5
• <html>: Root of the page
• <head>: Meta info, noscript, CSS links
• <body>: Visible content
Minimal Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<noscript>Page Title</noscript>
</head>
<body>
<!-- content here -->
</body>
</html>
Core Text Tags
• <h1> to <h6>: Headings (use one <h1> per page)
• <p>: Paragraph text
• <span>: Inline text styling
• <strong>: Important text
• <em>: Emphasis text
Links and Media
• <a href="">: Creates links (href holds target URL)
• <img src="" alt="">: Displays images (alt helps SEO and accessibility)
Lists
• <ul>: Unordered list
• <ol>: Ordered list
• <li>: List item
Forms and Inputs
• <form>: Wraps input elements
• <input>: text, email, password, checkbox
• <textarea>: Multi-line input
• <button>: Submits or triggers action
Tables
• <table>: Table wrapper
• <tr>: Row
• <th>: Header cell
• <td>: Data cell
Semantic Tags
• <header>
• <nav>
• <main>
• <section>
• <article>
• <footer>
Why Semantics Matter
• Better SEO
• Better screen reader support
• Cleaner code
Mini Practice Task
Create a simple profile page:
• Add:
– Heading with your name
– Image
– Short bio paragraph
– List of skills
– Contact form
Double Tap ♥️ For More
Web Basics Part:2 - HTML Structure and Core Tags
What HTML Is
• HTML means HyperText Markup Language
• Defines page structure
• Tells the browser what each part is
Basic HTML Structure
• <!DOCTYPE html>: Tells browser this is HTML5
• <html>: Root of the page
• <head>: Meta info, noscript, CSS links
• <body>: Visible content
Minimal Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<noscript>Page Title</noscript>
</head>
<body>
<!-- content here -->
</body>
</html>
Core Text Tags
• <h1> to <h6>: Headings (use one <h1> per page)
• <p>: Paragraph text
• <span>: Inline text styling
• <strong>: Important text
• <em>: Emphasis text
Links and Media
• <a href="">: Creates links (href holds target URL)
• <img src="" alt="">: Displays images (alt helps SEO and accessibility)
Lists
• <ul>: Unordered list
• <ol>: Ordered list
• <li>: List item
Forms and Inputs
• <form>: Wraps input elements
• <input>: text, email, password, checkbox
• <textarea>: Multi-line input
• <button>: Submits or triggers action
Tables
• <table>: Table wrapper
• <tr>: Row
• <th>: Header cell
• <td>: Data cell
Semantic Tags
• <header>
• <nav>
• <main>
• <section>
• <article>
• <footer>
Why Semantics Matter
• Better SEO
• Better screen reader support
• Cleaner code
Mini Practice Task
Create a simple profile page:
• Add:
– Heading with your name
– Image
– Short bio paragraph
– List of skills
– Contact form
Double Tap ♥️ For More
❤20👏1
What is the main purpose of HTML?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
A. Style the webpage
2%
B. Add logic to the webpage
85%
C. Define the structure of the webpage
1%
D. Store data
❤7
Which tag acts as the root element of an HTML document?
Anonymous Quiz
11%
A. head
18%
B. body
41%
C. html
29%
D. doctype
❤7
Which HTML tag is used to create a clickable hyperlink?
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A. link
43%
B. a
42%
C. href
5%
D. url
❤7
Which semantic HTML tag should you use to wrap navigation links?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A. section
12%
B. div
76%
C. nav
7%
D. header
❤7👌2🔥1
Which image attribute improves accessibility for screen readers?
Anonymous Quiz
41%
A. src
10%
B. noscript
9%
C. class
40%
D. alt
❤10
𝗙𝘂𝗹𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗰𝗸 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 😍
* JAVA- Full Stack Development With Gen AI
* MERN- Full Stack Development With Gen AI
Highlightes:-
* 2000+ Students Placed
* Attend FREE Hiring Drives at our Skill Centres
* Learn from India's Best Mentors
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Hurry, limited seats available!
* JAVA- Full Stack Development With Gen AI
* MERN- Full Stack Development With Gen AI
Highlightes:-
* 2000+ Students Placed
* Attend FREE Hiring Drives at our Skill Centres
* Learn from India's Best Mentors
𝐑𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐍𝐨𝐰👇 :-
https://pdlink.in/4hO7rWY
Hurry, limited seats available!
❤3
Now, let's move to the next topic:
Web Basics Part 3 - CSS Basics
• CSS means Cascading Style Sheets
• It controls look and layout
• HTML gives structure
• CSS gives presentation
• How CSS works
• Browser reads HTML
• Browser applies CSS rules
• Rules match elements using selectors
• Basic CSS syntax
• selector
• property
• value
Example: Change paragraph text color and font size
• Selectors
• Element selector: p, h1, div
• Class selector: .card (reusable styles)
• ID selector: #header (unique elements)
• Group selector: h1, h2, h3
• Box Model
Every element is a box with:
• Content
• Padding
• Border
• Margin
• Colors
• Color names: red, black
• Hex: #000000, #ffffff
• RGB: rgb(255, 0, 0)
• RGBA: adds opacity
Best practice: Use hex or rgb, limit palette, maintain contrast
• Fonts
• font-family
• font-size
• font-weight
• line-height
Use rem for scalable text, add fallback fonts
Mini practice task:
Create a card layout with:
• Padding and margin
• Background color
• Font family
• Line height 😊
Double Tap ♥️ For More
Web Basics Part 3 - CSS Basics
• CSS means Cascading Style Sheets
• It controls look and layout
• HTML gives structure
• CSS gives presentation
• How CSS works
• Browser reads HTML
• Browser applies CSS rules
• Rules match elements using selectors
• Basic CSS syntax
• selector
• property
• value
Example: Change paragraph text color and font size
p {
color: blue;
font-size: 16px;
}
• Selectors
• Element selector: p, h1, div
• Class selector: .card (reusable styles)
• ID selector: #header (unique elements)
• Group selector: h1, h2, h3
• Box Model
Every element is a box with:
• Content
• Padding
• Border
• Margin
• Colors
• Color names: red, black
• Hex: #000000, #ffffff
• RGB: rgb(255, 0, 0)
• RGBA: adds opacity
Best practice: Use hex or rgb, limit palette, maintain contrast
• Fonts
• font-family
• font-size
• font-weight
• line-height
Use rem for scalable text, add fallback fonts
Mini practice task:
Create a card layout with:
• Padding and margin
• Background color
• Font family
• Line height 😊
Double Tap ♥️ For More
❤10
🚀 𝗜𝗜𝗧 𝗥𝗼𝗼𝗿𝗸𝗲𝗲 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 & 𝗔𝗜 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
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✅ Limited seats only
Placement Assistance With 5000+ companies.
✅ Open to everyone
✅ 100% Online | 6 Months
✅ Industry-ready curriculum
✅ Taught By IIT Roorkee Professors
🔥 Companies are actively hiring candidates with Data Science & AI skills.
⏳ Deadline: 31st January 2026
𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗡𝗼𝘄 👇 :-
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❤1
Now, let's move to the the next topic:
✅ CSS & Layouts Part-1: Flexbox and Grid
🚧 Problem Layouts Solve
- HTML stacks elements vertically by default
- Real websites need alignment and spacing
- Navbars break
- Cards misalign
- Pages look unstructured
Layouts help you control:
- Direction
- Alignment
- Spacing
Modern CSS gives you two tools:
➡️ Flexbox
➡️ Grid
🔹 Flexbox
Flexbox controls layout in one direction.
- Horizontal or vertical
- Best for components
- Parent controls children
🧠 Mental Model:
- One container
- Multiple items
- Items follow a single axis
🧭 Flexbox Axes
- Main axis: Direction items move
- Cross axis: Perpendicular direction
If direction is row:
- Main axis → horizontal
- Cross axis → vertical
If direction is column:
- Main axis → vertical
- Cross axis → horizontal
🎛️ Key Flexbox Properties
📦 Container controls layout:
-
-
-
-
📌 Where Flexbox Works Best
- Navigation bars
- Buttons with icons
- Cards in a row
- Centering content
🎯 Classic use case:
- Vertical centering
- Horizontal centering
- Both together
🔹 Grid
Grid controls layout in two directions.
- Rows
- Columns
You design structure first.
🧠 Mental Model:
- Page divided into cells
- Items placed inside cells
- Layout stays stable
❓ Why Grid Exists
- Flexbox struggles with full page layout
- Multiple rows become messy
- Uneven spacing appears
Grid solves this cleanly.
🎛️ Key Grid Concepts
-
- Columns
- Rows
- Gap
You decide:
- Number of columns
- Column widths
- Row behavior
📌 Where Grid Works Best
- Page layouts
- Dashboards
- Galleries
- Admin panels
🧩 Example Structure:
- Header full width
- Sidebar left
- Content center
- Footer bottom
Grid handles this without hacks.
⚖️ Flexbox vs Grid. Simple Rule
Use Flexbox when:
- You align items
- You control flow
- You build components
Use Grid when:
- You design structure
- You control rows and columns
- You build page skeletons
🚫 Common Beginner Mistakes
- Using Flexbox for full page layout
- Deep nesting of Flexbox
- Ignoring Grid for dashboards
✅ Real-World Best Practice
- Grid for page layout
- Flexbox inside components
This is how production apps are built.
🧪 Mini Practice Task
- Build a navbar with Flexbox
- Build a card grid with Grid
- Resize screen and observe behavior
✅ Mini Task Solution
🧭 1. Navbar using Flexbox
HTML
- Logo stays on left
- Menu stays on right
- Items align vertically
- Layout stays clean on resize
🗂️ 2. Card Grid using CSS Grid
HTML
- Cards align in rows and columns
- Equal width columns
- Clean spacing using gap
📱 3. Responsive Behavior on Resize
Add this media query:
- Grid shifts from 3 columns to 1 column
- Navbar stays aligned
- No overlap
- No broken layout
Tap ❤️ For More
✅ CSS & Layouts Part-1: Flexbox and Grid
🚧 Problem Layouts Solve
- HTML stacks elements vertically by default
- Real websites need alignment and spacing
- Navbars break
- Cards misalign
- Pages look unstructured
Layouts help you control:
- Direction
- Alignment
- Spacing
Modern CSS gives you two tools:
➡️ Flexbox
➡️ Grid
🔹 Flexbox
Flexbox controls layout in one direction.
- Horizontal or vertical
- Best for components
- Parent controls children
🧠 Mental Model:
- One container
- Multiple items
- Items follow a single axis
🧭 Flexbox Axes
- Main axis: Direction items move
- Cross axis: Perpendicular direction
If direction is row:
- Main axis → horizontal
- Cross axis → vertical
If direction is column:
- Main axis → vertical
- Cross axis → horizontal
🎛️ Key Flexbox Properties
📦 Container controls layout:
-
display: flex: Turns on Flexbox-
flex-direction: row, column-
justify-content: Aligns items on main axis (start, center, space-between)-
align-items: Aligns items on cross axis (center, stretch)📌 Where Flexbox Works Best
- Navigation bars
- Buttons with icons
- Cards in a row
- Centering content
🎯 Classic use case:
- Vertical centering
- Horizontal centering
- Both together
🔹 Grid
Grid controls layout in two directions.
- Rows
- Columns
You design structure first.
🧠 Mental Model:
- Page divided into cells
- Items placed inside cells
- Layout stays stable
❓ Why Grid Exists
- Flexbox struggles with full page layout
- Multiple rows become messy
- Uneven spacing appears
Grid solves this cleanly.
🎛️ Key Grid Concepts
-
display: grid- Columns
- Rows
- Gap
You decide:
- Number of columns
- Column widths
- Row behavior
📌 Where Grid Works Best
- Page layouts
- Dashboards
- Galleries
- Admin panels
🧩 Example Structure:
- Header full width
- Sidebar left
- Content center
- Footer bottom
Grid handles this without hacks.
⚖️ Flexbox vs Grid. Simple Rule
Use Flexbox when:
- You align items
- You control flow
- You build components
Use Grid when:
- You design structure
- You control rows and columns
- You build page skeletons
🚫 Common Beginner Mistakes
- Using Flexbox for full page layout
- Deep nesting of Flexbox
- Ignoring Grid for dashboards
✅ Real-World Best Practice
- Grid for page layout
- Flexbox inside components
This is how production apps are built.
🧪 Mini Practice Task
- Build a navbar with Flexbox
- Build a card grid with Grid
- Resize screen and observe behavior
✅ Mini Task Solution
🧭 1. Navbar using Flexbox
HTML
<nav class="navbar">CSS
<div class="logo">MySite</div>
<ul class="menu">
<li>Home</li>
<li>About</li>
<li>Contact</li>
</ul>
</nav>
.navbar {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 16px 24px;
background-color: #222;
color: #fff;
}
.menu {
display: flex;
gap: 20px;
list-style: none;
}
What happens:- Logo stays on left
- Menu stays on right
- Items align vertically
- Layout stays clean on resize
🗂️ 2. Card Grid using CSS Grid
HTML
<div class="grid">CSS
<div class="card">Card 1</div>
<div class="card">Card 2</div>
<div class="card">Card 3</div>
<div class="card">Card 4</div>
</div>
.grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 20px;
padding: 20px;
}
.card {
padding: 40px;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 8px;
}
What happens:- Cards align in rows and columns
- Equal width columns
- Clean spacing using gap
📱 3. Responsive Behavior on Resize
Add this media query:
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.grid {
grid-template-columns: repeat(1, 1fr);
}
.menu {
gap: 12px;
}
}
Observed behavior:- Grid shifts from 3 columns to 1 column
- Navbar stays aligned
- No overlap
- No broken layout
Tap ❤️ For More
❤7
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