The Vatican Library is one of the most secure sites in the world: its protection is more severe than that of any existing nuclear power plant.
In addition to numerous Swiss guards, the library is guarded by modern automatic systems that form several levels of protection.
The secret archives of the Vatican became known in 1611 under Pope Paul V. A limited number of people can get there. Some scholars, having a letter of recommendation, can get into the holy of holies, but the entrance there is regulated and allows two people per year.
At the same time, entrance to the archive does not imply free movement and access to any documents.
A visitor specifies a topic of interest and the relevant literature is selected.
Such closedness raises questions and gives rise to the birth of theories about what the Vatican archive really holds
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In addition to numerous Swiss guards, the library is guarded by modern automatic systems that form several levels of protection.
The secret archives of the Vatican became known in 1611 under Pope Paul V. A limited number of people can get there. Some scholars, having a letter of recommendation, can get into the holy of holies, but the entrance there is regulated and allows two people per year.
At the same time, entrance to the archive does not imply free movement and access to any documents.
A visitor specifies a topic of interest and the relevant literature is selected.
Such closedness raises questions and gives rise to the birth of theories about what the Vatican archive really holds
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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Gennady Krokhalyov - a scientist who photographed thoughts
In the mid-1970s, rumors began to spread in Perm about unusual experiments conducted by a certain "doctor from a psychiatric hospital." According to these rumors, this doctor, named Gennady Krokhalyov, was supposedly able to photograph images that appeared in the minds of patients suffering from hallucinations.
Gennady Krokhalyov not only attempted to confirm his hypothesis, but also declared, "Thought has materiality!"
He developed a device known as the "Krokhalyov mask" that allowed him to photograph other people's thoughts. This discovery was a real breakthrough in the scientific world, as for the first time it was proved that thoughts have a material nature.
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In the mid-1970s, rumors began to spread in Perm about unusual experiments conducted by a certain "doctor from a psychiatric hospital." According to these rumors, this doctor, named Gennady Krokhalyov, was supposedly able to photograph images that appeared in the minds of patients suffering from hallucinations.
Gennady Krokhalyov not only attempted to confirm his hypothesis, but also declared, "Thought has materiality!"
He developed a device known as the "Krokhalyov mask" that allowed him to photograph other people's thoughts. This discovery was a real breakthrough in the scientific world, as for the first time it was proved that thoughts have a material nature.
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The moment of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games 2012 in London
A huge figure with the trappings of death, rows of hospital beds, many "patients". Only now this image is beginning to take on a much deeper meaning.
There are many hints around us, but we often do not notice them with the naked eye.
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A huge figure with the trappings of death, rows of hospital beds, many "patients". Only now this image is beginning to take on a much deeper meaning.
There are many hints around us, but we often do not notice them with the naked eye.
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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In the caves of the Judean Desert near the Dead Sea, archaeologists have unearthed fragments of scrolls with biblical text and other finds (coins, shards, a wicker basket) at least 10,000 years old
During the analysis of the fragments of the scrolls with the text from the book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, a significant discrepancy of even 10 lines of content was revealed in comparison with passages from later versions. Following this, the translation of the scrolls was conducted in secret to avoid shock among the believing community because of the differences between the original and the version of their religious texts.
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During the analysis of the fragments of the scrolls with the text from the book of the Twelve Minor Prophets, a significant discrepancy of even 10 lines of content was revealed in comparison with passages from later versions. Following this, the translation of the scrolls was conducted in secret to avoid shock among the believing community because of the differences between the original and the version of their religious texts.
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Just for the record, this cabinet of secrets is 202 years old!
Stored in France. All the gears are still working.
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Stored in France. All the gears are still working.
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SHOES OF A ROMAN LEGIONARY
This shoe was found during the excavation of a military camp near the German town of Saalburg.
Note from the Archaeologist: "It looks quite modern and the foot in such "breathes". And seriously - the safety is excellent. The Romans knew how to make for centuries, what only the secret technology of concrete is worth"
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This shoe was found during the excavation of a military camp near the German town of Saalburg.
Note from the Archaeologist: "It looks quite modern and the foot in such "breathes". And seriously - the safety is excellent. The Romans knew how to make for centuries, what only the secret technology of concrete is worth"
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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RING OF CALIGULA
It is believed to be the ring of Roman Emperor Caligula and is believed to be at least 2000 years old. That's about it.
The most interesting part is the treatment. Sapphire is very hard, it's a tricky business. It's impossible to replicate this without the precision optics of high-tech tools.
And such a ring is not the merit of just one talented craftsman who has devoted his life to this business. It takes industry and industry to make it. Let me remind you that the ring is at least 2000 years old.
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It is believed to be the ring of Roman Emperor Caligula and is believed to be at least 2000 years old. That's about it.
The most interesting part is the treatment. Sapphire is very hard, it's a tricky business. It's impossible to replicate this without the precision optics of high-tech tools.
And such a ring is not the merit of just one talented craftsman who has devoted his life to this business. It takes industry and industry to make it. Let me remind you that the ring is at least 2000 years old.
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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BABOLOV BATH
Granite, weight 48 tonnes. Here is what the turner who has been near it writes: I declare that it is machine processing, concave, convex surfaces of this bathtub, the most precise circle on the whole diameter, the most precise spherical surface of the lower part of the bathtub, inside the bathtub on the bottom as the most precise concavity on the whole diameter.
It is impossible to make such a product by hand, let alone polish it. There is such an impression that only yesterday it came out from under the machine, polishing as columns of Isaac's class 4-5. This is impossible to achieve without high-speed polishing and grinding tools.
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Granite, weight 48 tonnes. Here is what the turner who has been near it writes: I declare that it is machine processing, concave, convex surfaces of this bathtub, the most precise circle on the whole diameter, the most precise spherical surface of the lower part of the bathtub, inside the bathtub on the bottom as the most precise concavity on the whole diameter.
It is impossible to make such a product by hand, let alone polish it. There is such an impression that only yesterday it came out from under the machine, polishing as columns of Isaac's class 4-5. This is impossible to achieve without high-speed polishing and grinding tools.
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AN EGYPTIAN BLUE PUPPY
It is about 2,500 years old. An Egyptian or Phoenician glass bead in the shape of a dog's head. You won't see anything cuter today.
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It is about 2,500 years old. An Egyptian or Phoenician glass bead in the shape of a dog's head. You won't see anything cuter today.
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ANCIENT EGYPTIAN EXHIBIT
The find dates back to the 19th Dynasty (1292-1186 BC). Finish the right leg and it can still be used today. The level should be placed on the masonry, if it is level, the hanger will divide the 90° angle exactly in half. The exhibit was found in the tomb of the artist Sennedjem.
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The find dates back to the 19th Dynasty (1292-1186 BC). Finish the right leg and it can still be used today. The level should be placed on the masonry, if it is level, the hanger will divide the 90° angle exactly in half. The exhibit was found in the tomb of the artist Sennedjem.
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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METAL LIBRARY OF ATLANTES
In 1965, Janusz Juan Moritz discovered an extensive system of underground communications of inconceivable antiquity in a completely deserted area.
A giant branching of underground roads and tunnels stretched for thousands of kilometres, passing under the territories of Argentina, Peru and Ecuador. The walls of the tunnels were smooth and polished, and the ceilings were flat and level. Passageways led to vast underground halls.
In one of the galleries, Moritz discovered twenty-kilogram books made of thin metal sheets measuring 96x48 centimetres. The most surprising thing was that on each of these pages were stamped or engraved mysterious symbols and signs.
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In 1965, Janusz Juan Moritz discovered an extensive system of underground communications of inconceivable antiquity in a completely deserted area.
A giant branching of underground roads and tunnels stretched for thousands of kilometres, passing under the territories of Argentina, Peru and Ecuador. The walls of the tunnels were smooth and polished, and the ceilings were flat and level. Passageways led to vast underground halls.
In one of the galleries, Moritz discovered twenty-kilogram books made of thin metal sheets measuring 96x48 centimetres. The most surprising thing was that on each of these pages were stamped or engraved mysterious symbols and signs.
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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Margraviate Theatre in Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany.
The theatre building was built between 1744 and 1748 in the Baroque style, designed by the architect Joseph Saint-Pierre. This theatre is rightly considered a jewel of the so-called Bayreuth Rococo.
Its construction was timed to coincide with the marriage of Elisabeth Friederike Sophia of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. The interior was created by the decorators Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena and his son Carlo in the late Baroque style.
They used to be able to build masterpieces. Why can't we even repeat them now?
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The theatre building was built between 1744 and 1748 in the Baroque style, designed by the architect Joseph Saint-Pierre. This theatre is rightly considered a jewel of the so-called Bayreuth Rococo.
Its construction was timed to coincide with the marriage of Elisabeth Friederike Sophia of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. The interior was created by the decorators Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena and his son Carlo in the late Baroque style.
They used to be able to build masterpieces. Why can't we even repeat them now?
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KRONSTADT CULTURAL LAYER
It is clear that blacksmiths in primitive forges, using primitive tools, forged such perfect one-to-one "horseshoes", and I wonder what kind of transportation they were used for?
And there were many, but somewhere they were melted down to metal, and somewhere they were covered with asphalt, as in this case.
I'm curious, when asphalt was covered with asphalt, didn't people have questions? Asphalt is not needed here.
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It is clear that blacksmiths in primitive forges, using primitive tools, forged such perfect one-to-one "horseshoes", and I wonder what kind of transportation they were used for?
And there were many, but somewhere they were melted down to metal, and somewhere they were covered with asphalt, as in this case.
I'm curious, when asphalt was covered with asphalt, didn't people have questions? Asphalt is not needed here.
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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PARPHENON
The Parthenon is a huge structure in scale, but it seems slender, graceful and straight. The secret is that there is not a single straight line. optical illusion of the human eye.
The temple built in the 5th century BC is one continuous optical illusion. The base has a slight rise to the center, so that from afar it does not seem that the floor is sagging. The corner columns are sloping towards the middle and the two middle columns towards the corners. The columns themselves have different thicknesses depending on their place in the temple, taper to the top, and the cannelures (grooves on the columns) are adjusted in thickness so that they appear to be of equal width because of the optics.
Note from the Archaeologist: "I will not ask how the architects and engineers were able to calculate every block and every detail. How did the builders achieve such impeccable proportions and balance?
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The Parthenon is a huge structure in scale, but it seems slender, graceful and straight. The secret is that there is not a single straight line. optical illusion of the human eye.
The temple built in the 5th century BC is one continuous optical illusion. The base has a slight rise to the center, so that from afar it does not seem that the floor is sagging. The corner columns are sloping towards the middle and the two middle columns towards the corners. The columns themselves have different thicknesses depending on their place in the temple, taper to the top, and the cannelures (grooves on the columns) are adjusted in thickness so that they appear to be of equal width because of the optics.
Note from the Archaeologist: "I will not ask how the architects and engineers were able to calculate every block and every detail. How did the builders achieve such impeccable proportions and balance?
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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A very beautiful and interesting artifact was discovered on the territory of Kalmykia.
It was extracted from an ordinary stone in a stream. How much is hidden literally under our feet....
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It was extracted from an ordinary stone in a stream. How much is hidden literally under our feet....
Join us now: Before Our Time📜
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