Knowledge & Good Manners
Aboo Zakariyyah Yahya b. Muhammad b. al-'Anbaree (d. 344H) - rahimahullaah - said:
“Knowledge without Adab (good mannerisms) is like fire without firewood and Adab without knowledge is like a soul without a body."
Reference: Al-Jaami' li-Akhlaaq ar-Raawee of Khateeb al-Baghdadee, At-Tahhaan's checking (no.12) & 'Ajaaj's checking (no.13) & Adabul-Imlaa wal-Istimlaa (no.4).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Aboo Zakariyyah Yahya b. Muhammad b. al-'Anbaree (d. 344H) - rahimahullaah - said:
“Knowledge without Adab (good mannerisms) is like fire without firewood and Adab without knowledge is like a soul without a body."
Reference: Al-Jaami' li-Akhlaaq ar-Raawee of Khateeb al-Baghdadee, At-Tahhaan's checking (no.12) & 'Ajaaj's checking (no.13) & Adabul-Imlaa wal-Istimlaa (no.4).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
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The Love For Practicing The Sunnah
Aboo 'Amr Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Hamdaan (d. 376H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One night Aboo 'Uthmaan Sa'eed b. Ismaa'eel led us in prayer at his masjid wearing only an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak). So I said to my father: O' my father is he in the state of Ihraam?
Aboo 'Amr Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Hamdaan (d. 376H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One night Aboo 'Uthmaan Sa'eed b. Ismaa'eel led us in prayer at his masjid wearing only an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak). So I said to my father: O' my father is he in the state of Ihraam?
The Love For Practicing The Sunnah
Aboo 'Amr Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Hamdaan (d. 376H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One night Aboo 'Uthmaan Sa'eed b. Ismaa'eel led us in prayer at his masjid wearing only an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak). So I said to my father: O' my father is he in the state of Ihraam? He said: No, but rather he heard from me al-Mustakhraj* which I extracted upon (the Hadeeth of Saheeh) Muslim, so whenever he comes across a Sunnah that he had not acted upon in the past, he loves to act upon it during the same day or the night. And he heard from amongst that which was read out to me: 'That the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) prayed in an an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak).' So he loved to practice and act upon this Sunnah before the next day dawns."
Reference: Fath al-Mugheeth, Cairo print (2/360) & Indian print (3/285).
Translation by Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
*Translator's Side Note: Referring to the Mustakhraj 'Alaa Saheeh Muslim of al-Haafidh Aboo Ja'far Ahmad b. Hamdaan an-Naysabooree al-Heeree (d. 311H). Al-Mustakhraj or the plural form al-Mustakhrajaat are those Hadeeth books that were written specifically upon the Hadeeth works such as Muslim and al-Bukhaaree etc. In the Mustakhrajaat the authors would bring each Hadeeth mentioned in the original work, for example by Muslim, and bring different narrations from that of the original work with his own Asaaneed (chains) without having the author of the original work as a narrator in the Isnaad. So he will have different narrators up to the Shaykh of the original author or he meets with him to a later Shaykh above him, even if it is just the Sahaabee being the same. The text of the Hadeeths from the Mustakhraj must not necessarily be consistent with the wording of the original work. In addition, the Hadeeth in Mustakhraj is not automatically Saheeh as in the original work because the author of the Mustakhraj in its Isnaad brings other narrators that are not from the narrators of the original work. There are numerous benefits of these works, from them: The attainment of high Isnaads (i.e. shorter chains), the understanding of the Hadeeth from the different wordings and additions of the Hadeeth, and ambiguities that may exist in the Isnaad of a Hadeeth or text can be clarified by the version of the Hadeeth found in the Mustakhraj. [Please refer to as-Suyootee's Tadreebur-Raawee and al-Iraaqee's at-Taqyeed wal-Eedaah, the section on Saheeh Hadeeth].
Aboo 'Amr Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Hamdaan (d. 376H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One night Aboo 'Uthmaan Sa'eed b. Ismaa'eel led us in prayer at his masjid wearing only an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak). So I said to my father: O' my father is he in the state of Ihraam? He said: No, but rather he heard from me al-Mustakhraj* which I extracted upon (the Hadeeth of Saheeh) Muslim, so whenever he comes across a Sunnah that he had not acted upon in the past, he loves to act upon it during the same day or the night. And he heard from amongst that which was read out to me: 'That the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam) prayed in an an Izaar (loin-cloth) and a Ridaa (cloak).' So he loved to practice and act upon this Sunnah before the next day dawns."
Reference: Fath al-Mugheeth, Cairo print (2/360) & Indian print (3/285).
Translation by Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
*Translator's Side Note: Referring to the Mustakhraj 'Alaa Saheeh Muslim of al-Haafidh Aboo Ja'far Ahmad b. Hamdaan an-Naysabooree al-Heeree (d. 311H). Al-Mustakhraj or the plural form al-Mustakhrajaat are those Hadeeth books that were written specifically upon the Hadeeth works such as Muslim and al-Bukhaaree etc. In the Mustakhrajaat the authors would bring each Hadeeth mentioned in the original work, for example by Muslim, and bring different narrations from that of the original work with his own Asaaneed (chains) without having the author of the original work as a narrator in the Isnaad. So he will have different narrators up to the Shaykh of the original author or he meets with him to a later Shaykh above him, even if it is just the Sahaabee being the same. The text of the Hadeeths from the Mustakhraj must not necessarily be consistent with the wording of the original work. In addition, the Hadeeth in Mustakhraj is not automatically Saheeh as in the original work because the author of the Mustakhraj in its Isnaad brings other narrators that are not from the narrators of the original work. There are numerous benefits of these works, from them: The attainment of high Isnaads (i.e. shorter chains), the understanding of the Hadeeth from the different wordings and additions of the Hadeeth, and ambiguities that may exist in the Isnaad of a Hadeeth or text can be clarified by the version of the Hadeeth found in the Mustakhraj. [Please refer to as-Suyootee's Tadreebur-Raawee and al-Iraaqee's at-Taqyeed wal-Eedaah, the section on Saheeh Hadeeth].
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The Companions Were Upon Five Matters
Imaam al-Awzaa'ee (d. 157H) narrated from Hassan b. 'Atiyyah - may Allaah have mercy upon them both - that he said:
"The companions of Muhammad (ﷺ) and those who followed them upon goodness (at-Taabi'oon) were upon five matters;
- adhering strictly to the Jamaa'ah,
- following the Sunnah,
- the building of Masaajid,
- recital of the Qur'aan
- and Jihaad (striving) in Allaah's Path."
Reference: Ta'dheem Qadr as-Salaah of Imaam Muhammad b. Nasr al-Marwazee (d.294H) (no.745), Sharh Usool I'tiqaad Ahlus-Sunnah of Imaam al-Laalikaa’ee (no.48) & Miftaahul-Jannah of as-Suyootee (p.64-65).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Imaam al-Awzaa'ee (d. 157H) narrated from Hassan b. 'Atiyyah - may Allaah have mercy upon them both - that he said:
"The companions of Muhammad (ﷺ) and those who followed them upon goodness (at-Taabi'oon) were upon five matters;
- adhering strictly to the Jamaa'ah,
- following the Sunnah,
- the building of Masaajid,
- recital of the Qur'aan
- and Jihaad (striving) in Allaah's Path."
Reference: Ta'dheem Qadr as-Salaah of Imaam Muhammad b. Nasr al-Marwazee (d.294H) (no.745), Sharh Usool I'tiqaad Ahlus-Sunnah of Imaam al-Laalikaa’ee (no.48) & Miftaahul-Jannah of as-Suyootee (p.64-65).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
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Those Who Will Be Driven Away From The Hawd (Pool)
Imaam al-Qurtubee (d. 671H) (rahimahullaah) mentions:
"Our scholars (may Allaah have mercy upon them) said: 'Every person that apostates from the religion of Allaah, or introduces innovations in it (i.e. the religion) that which Allaah is not pleased with and for which Allaah did not give any permission then he will be from those who will be driven away from the Hawd (Lake, Pond).
Imaam al-Qurtubee (d. 671H) (rahimahullaah) mentions:
"Our scholars (may Allaah have mercy upon them) said: 'Every person that apostates from the religion of Allaah, or introduces innovations in it (i.e. the religion) that which Allaah is not pleased with and for which Allaah did not give any permission then he will be from those who will be driven away from the Hawd (Lake, Pond).
Those Who Will Be Driven Away From The Hawd (Pool)
Imaam al-Qurtubee (d. 671H) (rahimahullaah) mentions:
"Our scholars (may Allaah have mercy upon them) said: 'Every person that apostates from the religion of Allaah, or introduces innovations in it (i.e. the religion) that which Allaah is not pleased with and for which Allaah did not give any permission then he will be from those who will be driven away from the Hawd (Lake, Pond). Those that are forcibly removed and the most sternly driven away from it are those who oppose the Jamaa'ah of the Muslims and split away from their path. Such as the Khawaarij with all their differing sects, the Rawaafid (Shee'ah) with their evident misguidance, and the Mu'tazilah with all their different types of Ahwaa (desires); then all of them are al-Mubaddiloon (those who changed and altered the religion).
The same applies to the oppressors who go beyond bounds in tyranny and oppression, and in extinguishing the truth, and killing the people of truth and debasing them, and those who openly commit the Major Sins and they deem sinning and disobedience to be something light and insignificant. And all those who band together from the people of deviation, desires and innovations.'"
Reference: At-Tadhkirah bi-Ahwaal al-Mawtaa wa Umoor al-Aakhirah, Shams-Uddin al-Qurtubee (d.671H), checking by Dr. As-Saadiq, (p.710-711), Daar al-Minhaaj Print, First Edition 1425H.
Translated by: Aboo ‘Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Imaam al-Qurtubee (d. 671H) (rahimahullaah) mentions:
"Our scholars (may Allaah have mercy upon them) said: 'Every person that apostates from the religion of Allaah, or introduces innovations in it (i.e. the religion) that which Allaah is not pleased with and for which Allaah did not give any permission then he will be from those who will be driven away from the Hawd (Lake, Pond). Those that are forcibly removed and the most sternly driven away from it are those who oppose the Jamaa'ah of the Muslims and split away from their path. Such as the Khawaarij with all their differing sects, the Rawaafid (Shee'ah) with their evident misguidance, and the Mu'tazilah with all their different types of Ahwaa (desires); then all of them are al-Mubaddiloon (those who changed and altered the religion).
The same applies to the oppressors who go beyond bounds in tyranny and oppression, and in extinguishing the truth, and killing the people of truth and debasing them, and those who openly commit the Major Sins and they deem sinning and disobedience to be something light and insignificant. And all those who band together from the people of deviation, desires and innovations.'"
Reference: At-Tadhkirah bi-Ahwaal al-Mawtaa wa Umoor al-Aakhirah, Shams-Uddin al-Qurtubee (d.671H), checking by Dr. As-Saadiq, (p.710-711), Daar al-Minhaaj Print, First Edition 1425H.
Translated by: Aboo ‘Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
GRADUAL STEPS IN SEEKING KNOWLEDGE
By Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzan (Hafidhahullaah)
Question:
Noble Shaykh, what matters should a student of knowledge focus upon, should he begin with the books of 'Aqeedah?
Answer:
He should begin with that which is easiest step by step, he should begin with the small treatises and study them with the Mashaykh, then gradually advance to more extensive books and like this he continues.
He does not go to the major extensive books from the very beginning, rather he should progress to them little by little, and gradually advancing to them step by step.
Reference: Silsilatu Sharh ar-Rasaa'il, Sittah Mawaadih min as-Seerah, (p.117), by Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan.
Translated by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
By Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzan (Hafidhahullaah)
Question:
Noble Shaykh, what matters should a student of knowledge focus upon, should he begin with the books of 'Aqeedah?
Answer:
He should begin with that which is easiest step by step, he should begin with the small treatises and study them with the Mashaykh, then gradually advance to more extensive books and like this he continues.
He does not go to the major extensive books from the very beginning, rather he should progress to them little by little, and gradually advancing to them step by step.
Reference: Silsilatu Sharh ar-Rasaa'il, Sittah Mawaadih min as-Seerah, (p.117), by Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan.
Translated by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
THE DISTINGUISHING SIGNS OF THE PEOPLE OF THE SUNNAH
Imaam Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One of the signs of Ahlus-Sunnah (People of the Sunnah) is their love for the Imaams, the scholars, the helpers and the allies of the Sunnah. And they have hatred towards the Imaams of innovation...
Imaam Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One of the signs of Ahlus-Sunnah (People of the Sunnah) is their love for the Imaams, the scholars, the helpers and the allies of the Sunnah. And they have hatred towards the Imaams of innovation...
THE DISTINGUISHING SIGNS OF THE PEOPLE OF SUNNAH
Imaam Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One of the signs of Ahlus-Sunnah (People of the Sunnah) is their love for the Imaams, the scholars, the helpers and the allies of the Sunnah. And they have hatred towards the Imaams of innovation who call to the Hellfire and lead their companions to the Daar al-Bawaar (the abode of utter destruction, Hell). Indeed Allaah (subhaanahu) has adorned the hearts of the people of the Sunnah and filled them with light by having love of the Scholars of the Sunnah as a favour from Him, the Mighty and Majestic."
Reference: 'Aqeedatus-Salaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth of Imaan as-Saaboonee, first print (no.171).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Imaam Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) - rahimahullaah - said:
"One of the signs of Ahlus-Sunnah (People of the Sunnah) is their love for the Imaams, the scholars, the helpers and the allies of the Sunnah. And they have hatred towards the Imaams of innovation who call to the Hellfire and lead their companions to the Daar al-Bawaar (the abode of utter destruction, Hell). Indeed Allaah (subhaanahu) has adorned the hearts of the people of the Sunnah and filled them with light by having love of the Scholars of the Sunnah as a favour from Him, the Mighty and Majestic."
Reference: 'Aqeedatus-Salaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth of Imaan as-Saaboonee, first print (no.171).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
The Innovators Hate The Texts & They Love Concealing Them
By Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullaah
The innovations that are used to contradict and oppose the Book and the Sunnah which the people of innovations call al-Kalaamiyaat (rhetorical speech), Aqliyyaat (intellect and logic), philosophies, or Dhowqiyaat (taste and experience), Wijdiyyaat (findings and discoveries) and Haqaaiq (realities) and so on; then by necessity they (all) comprise the mixing of truth with falsehood and the concealment of the truth. This is a matter that exists and it is known by whoever contemplates and reflects over it.
So you will not find an innovator except that he loves to conceal the texts (from the Book and the Sunnah) that oppose and contradict him. And he hates them (i.e. the texts), he hates to make them manifest, and he hates narrating and speaking concerning them, and hates those who do that (i.e. make them manifest).
It is similar to what some of the Salaf have mentioned: "There is not a person who introduces an innovation (into the religion) except that the sweetness of Hadeeth is removed from his heart."
Furthermore, his statement by which he contradicts the texts then it is inevitable that he mixes truth with falsehood in it. This is through speaking with words that are general and ambiguous.
Reference: Darr' Ta'aarad al-'Aql wan-Naql, Ibn Taymiyyah, (1/221), Muhammad Rashad Saalim checking, Second Edition, 144H, 1991CE.
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
By Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullaah
The innovations that are used to contradict and oppose the Book and the Sunnah which the people of innovations call al-Kalaamiyaat (rhetorical speech), Aqliyyaat (intellect and logic), philosophies, or Dhowqiyaat (taste and experience), Wijdiyyaat (findings and discoveries) and Haqaaiq (realities) and so on; then by necessity they (all) comprise the mixing of truth with falsehood and the concealment of the truth. This is a matter that exists and it is known by whoever contemplates and reflects over it.
So you will not find an innovator except that he loves to conceal the texts (from the Book and the Sunnah) that oppose and contradict him. And he hates them (i.e. the texts), he hates to make them manifest, and he hates narrating and speaking concerning them, and hates those who do that (i.e. make them manifest).
It is similar to what some of the Salaf have mentioned: "There is not a person who introduces an innovation (into the religion) except that the sweetness of Hadeeth is removed from his heart."
Furthermore, his statement by which he contradicts the texts then it is inevitable that he mixes truth with falsehood in it. This is through speaking with words that are general and ambiguous.
Reference: Darr' Ta'aarad al-'Aql wan-Naql, Ibn Taymiyyah, (1/221), Muhammad Rashad Saalim checking, Second Edition, 144H, 1991CE.
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
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The Evident Signs Of Innovations
Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) rahimahullaah said:
"The signs of innovations upon the people of innovations are clearly evident. And the most evident of their signs and characteristics is their severe hatred and enmity for the carriers of the Prophet's narrations (ﷺ), and also their belittling them and looking down upon them."
Reference: 'Aqeedatus-Salaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth, first print (p.101) & Sharaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth (no.143).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Aboo 'Uthmaan Ismaa'eel as-Saaboonee (d. 449H) rahimahullaah said:
"The signs of innovations upon the people of innovations are clearly evident. And the most evident of their signs and characteristics is their severe hatred and enmity for the carriers of the Prophet's narrations (ﷺ), and also their belittling them and looking down upon them."
Reference: 'Aqeedatus-Salaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth, first print (p.101) & Sharaf Ashaabul-Hadeeth (no.143).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
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The Signs Of The People Of Innovations
Al-'Allaamah Muhammad b. Saalih al-'Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah) said:
"The people of innovations have signs, from them:
* They do not ascribe to Islaam and the Sunnah, (rather) they acribe to what they contrive from innovations in speech, action and creed.
* They are bigoted and fanatical to their opinions such that they do not return to the truth (Haqq) even when it is made plainly clear to them.
* They have hatred towards the Imaams of Islaam and the Deen."
Reference: Sharh Lum’atul-I'tiqaad (p.161), [checking by Aboo Muhammad Ashraf b. 'Abdul-Maqsood].
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Al-'Allaamah Muhammad b. Saalih al-'Uthaymeen (rahimahullaah) said:
"The people of innovations have signs, from them:
* They do not ascribe to Islaam and the Sunnah, (rather) they acribe to what they contrive from innovations in speech, action and creed.
* They are bigoted and fanatical to their opinions such that they do not return to the truth (Haqq) even when it is made plainly clear to them.
* They have hatred towards the Imaams of Islaam and the Deen."
Reference: Sharh Lum’atul-I'tiqaad (p.161), [checking by Aboo Muhammad Ashraf b. 'Abdul-Maqsood].
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
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The Salaf Benefitted From Knowledge Even At The Time Of Death
Al-Mu'aafaa b. Zakariyyah (d. 390H) - rahimahullaah - narrated from some of the companions of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree (d. 310H) - rahimahullaah - that whilst he was in the presence of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree a short while before his death...
Al-Mu'aafaa b. Zakariyyah (d. 390H) - rahimahullaah - narrated from some of the companions of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree (d. 310H) - rahimahullaah - that whilst he was in the presence of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree a short while before his death...
The Salaf Benefitted From Knowledge Even At The Time Of Death
Al-Mu'aafaa b. Zakariyyah (d. 390H) - rahimahullaah - narrated from some of the companions of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree (d. 310H) - rahimahullaah - that whilst he was in the presence of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree a short while before his death, a supplication (Du'aa) was mentioned to him on the authority of Ja'far b. Muhammad. So he called for an ink pot and a paper [to be brought to him] and he wrote it down. So it was said to him: "Even in this condition?" He replied: "It is befitting for a person that he does not leave off acquiring knowledge even up until (the point of) death."
Reference: Taareekh Damishq (52/199), Mukhtasir Naseehah Ahlus-Sunnah (no.49).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.
Al-Mu'aafaa b. Zakariyyah (d. 390H) - rahimahullaah - narrated from some of the companions of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree (d. 310H) - rahimahullaah - that whilst he was in the presence of Aboo Ja'far at-Tabaree a short while before his death, a supplication (Du'aa) was mentioned to him on the authority of Ja'far b. Muhammad. So he called for an ink pot and a paper [to be brought to him] and he wrote it down. So it was said to him: "Even in this condition?" He replied: "It is befitting for a person that he does not leave off acquiring knowledge even up until (the point of) death."
Reference: Taareekh Damishq (52/199), Mukhtasir Naseehah Ahlus-Sunnah (no.49).
Translation by: Aboo 'Abdillaah Bilaal Hussain al-Kashmiree.