Tumor antigens are the basis of most cancer vaccine strategies and other types of specific cancer immunotherapy. They are targeted by application of various approaches, and using the peptides containing the epitope(s) of a tumor antigen benefits form an standard and easy method to evoke anticancer immunity. However, some drawbacks are attributed to this simple method, which limit its usage unless optimization is undertaken.

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000084

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PID MEETING IN ARMENIA:
Organized by the USERN Ambassador in Armenia

https://bit.ly/2Uy57fl

"Arabkir" Medical Center
Yerevan, Armenia
April 18-19, 2019

2nd J-PROJECT MEETING IN ARMENIA: “Primary immunodeficiency in children”

Free registration for members of all USERN interest groups and USERN offices:
https://forms.gle/TUk2QAgUE14Q19uY8

https://usern.tums.ac.ir/Group/Info/NIIMA

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Cancer vaccines have been studied for several years. The focus of these vaccines is treatment of patients with cancer. One of the several types of these vaccines is immune cell vaccine. Dendritic cells (DCs), which are a type of antigen presenting cells, have been widely used for development of immune cell vaccines. These cells can be loaded with different tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including whole tumor cell lysates, RNA, peptides, and tumor cells. Patients receive these DC-based vaccines, then the DCs present TAAs to immune system and activate antigen specific immune responses against the tumor.

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000096

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Genetic-based cancer vaccines, including two major types—DNA vaccines and RNA vaccines—have become an attractive immunotherapeutic approach against cancer due to their various advantages such as simplicity, stability, and safety. The results obtained in clinical trials showed that such DNA and RNA vaccines are required to be ameliorated in antigen expression and delivery methods to make them sufficiently effective in the clinic and provide promising outcomes. Engineering vaccine for modifying antigen presentation and processing pathways is one of the most important aspects that can be managed easily.

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000102

https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6524306326321917952

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Therapeutic cancer vaccines have been tested in a variety of tumors. Melanoma is one type of cancers that has received the most attention of researchers and clinicians who do research on immunotherapy. Melanoma has the highest mutation rate among various types of cancer and many tumor antigens associated with this malignancy have been identified. However, the most successful results with cancer vaccines have been achieved in patients with prostatecancer. Sipuleucel-T was the first cancer vaccine approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat hormone-refractory prostate cancer, which made it a prototype for cancer vaccine therapy. 

For more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000114

https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6525014846407221248

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Much effort has been dedicated to developing therapeutic cancer vaccines for some decades since the years that identification of various tumor antigens received great attention.
Vaccines showed some positive results in early clinical trials, which made them a promising modality for cancer treatment. However, some negative reports restricted new trials from being conducted to address the efficacy of vaccines, optimization of vaccine dose(s), and combination therapy. At different levels of developing a vaccine, from identifying and validating tumor antigens for specific immunotherapy toward assessing them in clinical trials, some issues should be taken into consideration to overcome the obstacles.

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000126

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📘Dr. Nima Rezaei, the Professor of Immunology at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and the Founding President of USERN, was awarded as the best International Book Editor, in the Joint International Festival of University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

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The efficacy of cancer vaccines as a monotherapy may be undervalued because of immunosuppression and immune regulatory functions. Combining vaccines with other therapeutics can overcome these barriers and enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines. Cancer vaccines have been combined with other therapeutics such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and small molecule inhibitors, as well as immunotherapy such as cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and tumor targeted monoclonal antibodies. These combinations have been evaluated in many preclinical and clinical studies. 

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128140390000138

https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6526850910721708032

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As the field of cancer treatment moves forward, novel treatments are being designed to overcome various malignancies. Therapeutic cancer vaccines had been attractive modalities for many years owing to their capability as an active and specific immunotherapy to direct the immune response toward eliminating tumor cells without severe toxicity for normal cells. Three cancer vaccines were also approved, including Sipuleucel-T licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration for prostate cancer. However, the superiority of vaccines has been questioned in the era of the emergence of novel immunotherapeutics and as a result of some unsuccessful outcomes in phase III trials. Interestingly, despite some unfavorable results, long-term follow-up and administration of vaccines in certain subgroups have significantly improved their efficacy. These experiences became the basis for administering vaccines in certain settings and populations. Moreover, approaches such as neoantigen vaccines have assisted the development of novel vaccines that show promising results. 

For more:
https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:6527483747980312576

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012814039000014X

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Day of Immunology, 29 April
DOI 2019

"Cancer Checkpoint Blockade"

https://www.dayofimmunology.org

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Happy Professor Day🌹

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The Immune System for Public: Interview with the National TV3

سیستم ایمنی بدن و بیماریهای آن به زبان ساده برای عموم مردم در مصاحبه با شبکه سه سیما

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🎉بیش از پانصد مقاله با افیلیشن یوسرن در اسکوپوس به ثبت رسید.

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Physiology and Pathology of Immunology

Edited by Nima Rezaei

The "Physiology and Pathology of Immunology" book covers a spectrum of high-impact knowledge on the complex interplay between the environment, genes, and immunity that culminates in a generation of notorious processes of immune-related disorders. From evolution of regulatory T-cell function, gigantic cytokine networks within the human body to host-pathogen interactions of Chagas disease and Parkinson's disease, the Physiology and Pathology of Immunology goes further to decipher new codes from the immunity enigma, making it essential for experienced and new learners who wish to join the galaxy of modern immunology.

To free download the chapters:
https://www.intechopen.com/books/physiology-and-pathology-of-immunology

#book

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عده ای از محققین ایرانی با راه اندازی وبسایتی به بررسی مطالعات مهم و چالش برانگیز پزشکی می‌پردازند و آنها را از نظر سوگیری های مهم ارزیابی می کنند که نتایج آن در وبسایت قابل مشاهده است.
ظاهرا بعد از افزایش تعداد همکاران در این وبسایت، تعداد مقالات مورد بررسی نیز افزایش می باید. بر اساس اطلاعات ذکر شده، این پایگاه، اولین وبسایتی است که روش شناسی مطالعات را می سنجد

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🌐EAACI Junior Membership for FREE!

European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

🔹EAACI Junior Membership shall be available to all those who are aged 35 years or less at the time of renewal of their subnoscription.
🔹The benefits of Junior Membership shall be determined by the Executive Committee and publicised at Congresses, Joint Symposia, and other EAACI events, as well as on forms for enrolment and membership renewal.

https://www.eaaci.org/40-organisation/bylaws/2378-junior-membership

https://registration.eaaci.org/EAACIMemberRegistration.aspx

#Membership

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🏵4th USERN Congress
Budapest, Hungary
November 2019

🌐Call for Abstracts and Early Registration.
Deadline: July 1st, 2019
https://bit.ly/2HfC6xo

🔖Travel grants and scholarships are available for top accepted abstracts

⁉️For more information:
http://userncongress.com

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State of the Art in Immunotherapy of Neuroblastoma

New paper by NIIMA USERN interest group

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common and deadly malignancy mostly observed in children. Evolution of therapeutic options for NB led to the addition of immunotherapeutic modalities to the previously recruited chemotherapeutic options. Molecular studies of the NB cells resulted in the discovery of many tumor-associated genes and antigens such as MYCN gene and GD2. MYCN gene and GD2 surface antigen are two of the most practical discoveries regarding immunotherapy of neuroblastoma...

To read the full paper:
https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/imt-2019-0018

#Paper

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Integrative analyses of triple negative dysregulated trannoscripts compared with non‐triple negative tumors and their functional and molecular interactions

New paper by NIIMA USERN interest group

Triple‐negative (TN) tumors are a subtype of breast cancer with aggressive behaviors and limited targeted therapies. We aimed to conduct integrative strategy to analyze gene and miRNA available microarray data as well as bioinformatic analyses to catch a more inclusive picture of pivotal dysregulated trannoscripts and their interactions in TN tumors. 
This study suggests that dysregulated TFs and miRNAs have pivotal roles in regulation of TN oncotrannoscriptomic profile and might become both biomarkers and therapeutic targets...

To read the full paper:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jcp.28804

#Paper

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Novel Methods to Improve the Efficiency of Radioimmunotherapy for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

New paper by NIIMA and CIP USERN interest groups

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a novel strategy for treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
Several studies have shown the promising results of using RIT in NHL, which have led to FDA approval for two RIT agents in treating low grade NHL.
In this paper, novel methods that improve the efficiency of RIT and reduce its toxicity through various mechanisms are reviewed...

To read the full paper:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08830185.2019.1588266?journalCode=iiri20

#Paper

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Cancer Immunotherapy: The way to the Nobel Prize in Medicine

To read the full paper:
http://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7535

#Paper

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