The assaults have killed over 30 civilians and injured more than 100 in recent weeks, escalating regional tensions.

In response, opposition groups launched a limited operation toward Aleppo, initially to protect civilians and push back regime forces.

As regime units retreated, the operation expanded; aiming to restore the 2019 Idlib De-escalation Zone (IGAB) boundaries agreed upon by Türkiye, Iran, and Russia.

Türkiye has called on guarantor states to stop regime violations while working to restrain opposition offensives. However, no significant international actions have addressed these breaches.

Turkish security sources emphasize Türkiye’s 2019–2020 intervention was pivotal in halting regime advances, but ongoing attacks continue to undermine stability efforts.

"The General Staff and Defense Ministry are selecting targets in Ukraine for Oreshnik MRBM, potentially including decision-making centers in Kyiv."

Russia has several Oreshnik missile systems ready for use. Russia has begun serial production of the Oreshnik missile.

Russia produces 10 times more missiles than all NATO countries combined, and will increase production by a quarter.

There are ongoing debates in Iran, especially among elites, about whether our non-proliferation policy was a mistake.

Restoring sanctions would likely convince many in Iran to reconsider our nuclear doctrine.

"Russia, Iran & Assad regime: We will avenge the Muslims you raped and bombed."

Videos on social media show Armenian military columns moving toward the border in numbers exceeding routine rotations.

Growing revanchist sentiment, fueled by PM Nikol Pashinyan’s refusal to remove territorial claims on Azerbaijan from the constitution, is evident both in opposition and within his government.

Armenia is rapidly rearming, suggesting preparations for another war, potentially motivated by Pashinyan’s declining popularity after six years of unfulfilled promises and military defeats in Karabakh.