English Tips&Tools – Telegram
English Tips&Tools
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A daily dose of new English words, grammar and phrases to speak fluently.


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“Singed” is NOT the past tense of “sing.” 🎤

It’s the past tense of “singe” [sinj]: to burn lightly.
*⃣Tax rates are expected to be increasing next year.
*⃣Tax rates are expected to increase next year.

The infinitive "to increase" is strong and direct, but the progressive infinitive "to be increasing" is weaker and indirect.
cheat (at ) something usually a game
cheat at card
cheat at chess

cheat (on) somebody ===> The man cheated on his lovely wife.
cheat (in ) something===> He had cheated in the test by using a calculator.
APPRAISE = to estimate an item’s value

APPRISE = to inform

Please *apprise* me of my car’s value after you *appraise* it.

👨💬 🤑🚙💵
“All but” =

1. everything except for: I’ve eaten ALL BUT two doughnuts. 🍩🍩

2. almost: The match is ALL BUT over; we’re going to win! ⚽️🏆
Do you think ( -ence , -ance ) ending is hard?
Well, not anymore! I have a rule of spelling to which there is no exception. Believe me, you will often find it a life SAVER😊

Look carefully to the following words
in-FER
pre-FER
re-FER
con-FER
de-FER
oc-CUR
in-CUR
con-CUR
re-CUR
de-TER
ab-HOR
You will see that every word accented on the last syllable. You will notice also that in each instance the 'R' is preceded by a (single) vowel.. Now, here is one of the few, few rules of English spelling to which there is no exception:
'Every verb ending in 'R' preceded by a (single) vowel and accented on the final syllable forms it's noun with (ence).

But wait, English spelling is not easy as you know.
Do we double the 'R' before adding 'ence' or do we leave it alone?
We do both nothing easy with spelling.
It depends on whether the accent stays on the same syllable when the noun is formed or whether it shifts back to the first syllable.

Now, look carefully at the last six words listed above. In each case, the accent remains on the same syllable when we add
(-ence)
oc-CUR and oc-CUR-rence
in-CUR and IN-CUR-rence
When the accent stays put, we double the 'R'
On the other hand, see what happens with the first five words, the accent shifts back to the first syllable when we add (-ence)
pre-FER but PREF-er-ence
in-FER but IN-fer-ence
when the accent shifts back , we don't double the 'R'.
conference
deference
reference

I hope though that my post and explanation was useful and informative, despite the length!🌹