9. Jonathan Dancy defines particularism in Ethics Without Principles as follows: “The possibility of moral thought and judgment depend on the provision of a suitable supply of moral principles.”

10. Computer ethicists should probe beyond the technicalstatus quo and ask how the problem came into being, and what are the designs and architectural decisions that have led up to it.

1. ………………. refer to parties (individuals or organizations) who interact directly with the computer system or its output.

2. ……………… refer to all other parties who are affected by the use of the system.

3. Focus on the design and performance of the technology itself:

4. Focus on the individuals, groups, or larger social systems that configure, use, or are otherwise affected by the technology:

5. theoretically grounded approach to the design of technology that accounts for human values in a principled and comprehensive manner throughout the design process:

6. Heuristics for Interviewing Stakeholders:

7. When systematically determining the benefits and harms for each group of stakeholders, attention must be paid to:

8. Empirical investigations are not need to evaluate the success of a particular design.

9. conceptual investigation entails a philosophically informed analysis of the central value constructs.

10. Technical investigations provides a critical protection for privacy, and supports other human values such as autonomy and trust

1. …………………. `s ground intellectual property rights in social progress and incentives to innovate

2. …………………… is generally characterized as nonphysical property that is the product of cognitive processes and whose value is based up on some idea or collection of ideas

3. ……………. protection extends to original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.

4. …………… yield the strongest form of protection, in that a 20 years exclusive monopoly is granted over any expression or implementation of the protected work.

5. A …………………. may consist of any formula, pattern, device, or compilation of information that is used in one's business.

6. The two major restrictions on the domain of trade secrets are:

7. …………………… defenders maintain that intellectual property is an extension of individual personality.