How can 🇪🇺 countries be neutral, if at the end they are influenced by many factor like gas import ..

Until recently, Israel was a net importer of fossil fuels, importing almost all of its oil and gas needs. Oil exploration has continued in Israel since the discovery of the first well in 1947, but today imported oil meets over 99% of the domestic oil demand. However, recent discoveries of offshore natural gas reserves have transformed Israel from being a net importer to a self-sufficient and an exporter of natural gas. https://perma.cc/5E5P-N9LZ

Last year, the European Union imported around 155 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas from Russia, amounting to 45% of all its gas imports, according to the International Energy Agency.

Israel currently has two working natural gas fields, Tamar and the bigger and newer Leviathan. https://perma.cc/2RG9-GXZH

Israel Agrees to Export More Natural Gas to Egypt, Lifting Potential LNG Supply for Europe https://perma.cc/SPJ4-7BSE

Israel is inching closer to finalizing plans for exporting natural gas to Europe, with a decision on transportation route expected within the next three to six months, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on Monday after meeting with his Greek and Cypriot counterparts https://perma.cc/UA8S-NZNW

Global uncertainties are fuelling the increase, after US oil giant Chevron Corp stopped production at its offshore Tamar natural gas field near Israel's northern coast, as the Israeli-Hamas conflict intensifies https://perma.cc/N4TY-7HUY

Chevron Shuts Down Israel Gas Field on Government’s Request https://perma.cc/8U55-6WJ6

LET WE SAY THINGS HOW THEY ARE, OUR POLITICIANS ARE JUST A GREAT MAFIA! with personal / financial interest influencing their decisions too, like we said previously.

Greenpeace jointly files FTC complaint against Chevron https://perma.cc/6WGJ-QKX9

International environmental groups unite to warn Israel against Chevron https://perma.cc/S34N-ERJZ

La resurrezione del gasdotto Eastmed https://perma.cc/4PUX-64S9

https://perma.cc/ZLT7-YFJE

Behind the gas mafia - part 1

In a peace context, despite that Israel signed Oslo Accords in 1993 with Palestinians, including a part about energy cooperation, Gaza’s gas field development and the energy relation with Palestinians are still frozen.

However, Israel still uses energy supply as a weapon against the Palestinians in order to control their energy needs.

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So, in other words, the Palestine question is still without an agreed settlement. This relation will not change under current Palestinian capacities that limit their efforts to meet energy independence, which requires a sovereign state and complete control in the ground and borders.

Still, Israel is not interested in a positive peace with Syria, Lebanon, or even Palestinians; Israel realizes its energy interests without cost.

On the threats side, it is clear that Israeli energy security's main threats, based on Eisenkot and Siboni's definition, are not coming from sub-conventional threats of militants like Hamas or Hezbollah.

They can’t control the Israeli energy routes or supply chains in the Mediterranean offshore. They can do limited interruptions in energy supply, like cyber threats or damaging pipelines or networks, but clearly, they will not be vulnerable to energy supply. The maximum action from Hamas or Hezbollah may be to cut off some gas or oil pipelines like what happened in Sinai after Egyptian Revolution in 2011, and Israel will be able to deal with it.

The main threats of energy in Israel are still the conventional threats of states such as Iran. The conventional threats may also happen even by peaceful states like Egypt or Turkey, conditioned by considerable regime changes. This political position may also stop the energy supply chains from or to Israel. Egypt can interrupt energy shipping in the Tiran strait, Suez Canal, or exporting gas in the East Mediterranean, while Turkey can cut-off the BTC supply or Bosporus energy ships.

Behind the gas mafia - part 2

Upon this fear of future energy wars, Israel will use the gas revenues and economic benefits for enhancing its capacities and capabilities to secure its energy resources and supply chains. Israel increases and priorities its Weaponization policy, particularly in naval forces depending on the sea importance for future war.

On the other hand, Israeli export weapons have increased since the gas discoveries, associated with enhancing industrial competitiveness and affordable energy prices. This additional wealth and revenues might fund the military capacities.

Israel, after gas discoveries, is more stable on the economic side than before. It traditionally suffered from resource scarcity and depended on importing.

Moreover, Israel benefited in the past from US cover in the last conventional threats in the 1973 war, also the US facilitated the Egyptian Israeli negotiation by getting Israel the energy guarantee after 1975, which was used to meet Israel’s energy security.

The US will maintain Israel's energy security and energy reliability, considered the continuity of their special relations.

After all, under full-scale war or war from multiple directions like what happened in 1973, Israel will not make victory without international interventions that protect this small country with its small capabilities. The US role would approve the external player's importance in securing Israeli energy needs; Israel did not accept to continue in the peace process without this external player role again.

These energy reliability efforts face Militants attacks’ threats like Hamas or Hezbollah and political instabilities in regional countries such as Egypt after the revolution in 2011. In this regard, Israel is motivated to increase its weaponization activities, especially in naval forces that protect its energy assets in water.

On the other hand, it secures energy supply routes, from geopolitical perspectives, may be a threat by Iran.

Discover why gas is 💩
https://news.1rj.ru/str/IsraelPollution/13