Ozymandias was one of the Greek names of Rameses II (1301-1234 B. C.).

-Percy Shelley's most famous
poem 1818-

"Ozymandias" famously
describes a ruined statue of an ancient king in an empty
desert. Although the king's
statue boastfully commands
onlookers to "Look on my
Works, ye Mighty, and despair," there are no works left to examine: the king's cities, empire, and power have all disappeared over time.

In this poem Shelley describes
the broken statue and reflects
upon the impermanence of
earthly things. The king, once
powerful, is no more. His relic,
the statue, is broken to pieces
and will soon crumble to dust.

Why do you think people build
statues?
What is the point of having a
statue of YOURSELF made?
Why do you think leaders of
countries or empires used to
have statues made of them?

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Hulagu Khan's Army Threw So Many Books into the Tigris River that they Formed a Bridge that Would Support a Man on Horseback

-Part 2-

-13 February 1258-

Baghdad, then a city of 1
million, falls to the Mongols as the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed, ending the Golden Age. Baghdad, founded in the 8th by Abbasid Al-Mansur, was a hub of learning & commerce during that Golden Age.

1258 under the command of Hulagu Khan sacked Baghdad, destroying the House of Wisdom, the leading library in the leading intellectual center of the Arab.
It was the greatest repository of books in the world and had become one of the greatest hubs of intellectual activity in the Middle Ages, attracting the most brilliant Arab and Persian minds.

Would you consider this incident to be the biggest calamity in human history?

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