Here is an A-Z list of essential programming terms:
1. Array: A data structure that stores a collection of elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations.
2. Boolean: A data type that represents true or false values.
3. Conditional Statement: A statement that executes different code based on a condition.
4. Debugging: The process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in a program.
5. Exception: An event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the normal flow of instructions.
6. Function: A block of code that performs a specific task and can be called multiple times in a program.
7. GUI (Graphical User Interface): A visual way for users to interact with a computer program using graphical elements like windows, buttons, and menus.
8. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The standard markup language used to create web pages.
9. Integer: A data type that represents whole numbers without any fractional part.
10. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): A lightweight data interchange format commonly used for transmitting data between a server and a web application.
11. Loop: A programming construct that allows repeating a block of code multiple times.
12. Method: A function that is associated with an object in object-oriented programming.
13. Null: A special value that represents the absence of a value.
14. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): A programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects" that encapsulate data and behavior.
15. Pointer: A variable that stores the memory address of another variable.
16. Queue: A data structure that follows the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle.
17. Recursion: A programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem.
18. String: A data type that represents a sequence of characters.
19. Tuple: An ordered collection of elements, similar to an array but immutable.
20. Variable: A named storage location in memory that holds a value.
21. While Loop: A loop that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.
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1. Array: A data structure that stores a collection of elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations.
2. Boolean: A data type that represents true or false values.
3. Conditional Statement: A statement that executes different code based on a condition.
4. Debugging: The process of identifying and fixing errors or bugs in a program.
5. Exception: An event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the normal flow of instructions.
6. Function: A block of code that performs a specific task and can be called multiple times in a program.
7. GUI (Graphical User Interface): A visual way for users to interact with a computer program using graphical elements like windows, buttons, and menus.
8. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The standard markup language used to create web pages.
9. Integer: A data type that represents whole numbers without any fractional part.
10. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): A lightweight data interchange format commonly used for transmitting data between a server and a web application.
11. Loop: A programming construct that allows repeating a block of code multiple times.
12. Method: A function that is associated with an object in object-oriented programming.
13. Null: A special value that represents the absence of a value.
14. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): A programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects" that encapsulate data and behavior.
15. Pointer: A variable that stores the memory address of another variable.
16. Queue: A data structure that follows the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle.
17. Recursion: A programming technique where a function calls itself to solve a problem.
18. String: A data type that represents a sequence of characters.
19. Tuple: An ordered collection of elements, similar to an array but immutable.
20. Variable: A named storage location in memory that holds a value.
21. While Loop: A loop that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.
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🏟 Here is a complete roadmap to learn Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) 🏟
1. Basics of Programming: Start by learning the basics of a programming language like Python, Java, or C++. Understand concepts like variables, loops, functions, and arrays.
2. Data Structures: Study fundamental data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, and hash tables. Understand the operations that can be performed on these data structures and their time complexities.
3. Algorithms: Learn common algorithms like searching, sorting, recursion, dynamic programming, greedy algorithms, and divide and conquer. Understand how these algorithms work and their time complexities.
4. Problem Solving: Practice solving coding problems on platforms like LeetCode, HackerRank, or Codeforces. Start with easy problems and gradually move to medium and hard problems.
5. Complexity Analysis: Learn how to analyze the time and space complexity of algorithms. Understand Big O notation and how to calculate the complexity of different algorithms.
6. Advanced Data Structures: Study advanced data structures like AVL trees, B-trees, tries, segment trees, and fenwick trees. Understand when and how to use these data structures in problem-solving.
7. Graph Algorithms: Learn graph traversal algorithms like BFS and DFS. Study algorithms like Dijkstra's algorithm, Bellman-Ford algorithm, and Floyd-Warshall algorithm for shortest path problems.
8. Dynamic Programming: Master dynamic programming techniques for solving complex problems efficiently. Practice solving dynamic programming problems to build your skills.
9. Practice and Review: Regularly practice coding problems and review your solutions. Analyze your mistakes and learn from them to improve your problem-solving skills.
10. Mock Interviews: Prepare for technical interviews by participating in mock interviews and solving interview-style coding problems. Practice explaining your thought process and reasoning behind your solutions.
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1. Basics of Programming: Start by learning the basics of a programming language like Python, Java, or C++. Understand concepts like variables, loops, functions, and arrays.
2. Data Structures: Study fundamental data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, and hash tables. Understand the operations that can be performed on these data structures and their time complexities.
3. Algorithms: Learn common algorithms like searching, sorting, recursion, dynamic programming, greedy algorithms, and divide and conquer. Understand how these algorithms work and their time complexities.
4. Problem Solving: Practice solving coding problems on platforms like LeetCode, HackerRank, or Codeforces. Start with easy problems and gradually move to medium and hard problems.
5. Complexity Analysis: Learn how to analyze the time and space complexity of algorithms. Understand Big O notation and how to calculate the complexity of different algorithms.
6. Advanced Data Structures: Study advanced data structures like AVL trees, B-trees, tries, segment trees, and fenwick trees. Understand when and how to use these data structures in problem-solving.
7. Graph Algorithms: Learn graph traversal algorithms like BFS and DFS. Study algorithms like Dijkstra's algorithm, Bellman-Ford algorithm, and Floyd-Warshall algorithm for shortest path problems.
8. Dynamic Programming: Master dynamic programming techniques for solving complex problems efficiently. Practice solving dynamic programming problems to build your skills.
9. Practice and Review: Regularly practice coding problems and review your solutions. Analyze your mistakes and learn from them to improve your problem-solving skills.
10. Mock Interviews: Prepare for technical interviews by participating in mock interviews and solving interview-style coding problems. Practice explaining your thought process and reasoning behind your solutions.
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Goldman Sachs senior data analyst interview asked questions
SQL
1 find avg of salaries department wise from table
2 Write a SQL query to see employee name and manager name using a self-join on 'employees' table with columns 'emp_id', 'name', and 'manager_id'.
3 newest joinee for every department (solved using lead lag)
POWER BI
1. What does Filter context in DAX mean?
2. Explain how to implement Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI.
3. Describe different types of filters in Power BI.
4. Explain the difference between 'ALL' and 'ALLSELECTED' in DAX.
5. How do you calculate the total sales for a specific product using DAX?
PYTHON
1. Create a dictionary, add elements to it, modify an element, and then print the dictionary in alphabetical order of keys.
2. Find unique values in a list of assorted numbers and print the count of how many times each value is repeated.
3. Find and print duplicate values in a list of assorted numbers, along with the number of times each value is repeated.
Hope this helps you 😊
SQL
1 find avg of salaries department wise from table
2 Write a SQL query to see employee name and manager name using a self-join on 'employees' table with columns 'emp_id', 'name', and 'manager_id'.
3 newest joinee for every department (solved using lead lag)
POWER BI
1. What does Filter context in DAX mean?
2. Explain how to implement Row-Level Security (RLS) in Power BI.
3. Describe different types of filters in Power BI.
4. Explain the difference between 'ALL' and 'ALLSELECTED' in DAX.
5. How do you calculate the total sales for a specific product using DAX?
PYTHON
1. Create a dictionary, add elements to it, modify an element, and then print the dictionary in alphabetical order of keys.
2. Find unique values in a list of assorted numbers and print the count of how many times each value is repeated.
3. Find and print duplicate values in a list of assorted numbers, along with the number of times each value is repeated.
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For a data analytics interview, focusing on key SQL topics can be crucial. Here's a list of last-minute SQL topics to revise:
1. SQL Basics:
• SELECT statements: Syntax, SELECT DISTINCT
• WHERE clause: Conditions and operators (>, <, =, LIKE, IN, BETWEEN)
• ORDER BY clause: Sorting results
• LIMIT clause: Limiting the number of rows returned
2. Joins:
• INNER JOIN
• LEFT (OUTER) JOIN
• RIGHT (OUTER) JOIN
• FULL (OUTER) JOIN
• CROSS JOIN
• Understanding join conditions and scenarios for each type of join
3. Aggregation and Grouping:
• GROUP BY clause
• HAVING clause: Filtering grouped results
• Aggregate functions: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX
4. Subqueries:
• Nested subqueries: Using subqueries in SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and HAVING clauses
• Correlated subqueries
5. Common Table Expressions (CTEs):
• Syntax and use cases for CTEs (WITH clause)
6. Window Functions:
• ROW_NUMBER()
• RANK()
• DENSE_RANK()
• LEAD() and LAG()
• PARTITION BY clause
7. Data Manipulation:
• INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements
• Understanding transaction control with COMMIT and ROLLBACK
8. Data Definition:
• CREATE TABLE
• ALTER TABLE
• DROP TABLE
• Constraints: PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL
9. Indexing:
• Purpose and types of indexes
• How indexing affects query performance
10. Performance Optimization:
• Understanding query execution plans
• Identifying and resolving common performance issues
11. SQL Functions:
• String functions: CONCAT, SUBSTRING, LENGTH
• Date functions: DATEADD, DATEDIFF, GETDATE
• Mathematical functions: ROUND, CEILING, FLOOR
12. Stored Procedures and Triggers:
• Basics of writing and using stored procedures
• Basics of writing and using triggers
13. ETL (Extract, Transform, Load):
• Understanding the process and SQL's role in ETL operations
14. Advanced Topics (if time permits):
• Understanding complex data types (JSON, XML)
• Working with large datasets and big data considerations
Hope it helps :)
1. SQL Basics:
• SELECT statements: Syntax, SELECT DISTINCT
• WHERE clause: Conditions and operators (>, <, =, LIKE, IN, BETWEEN)
• ORDER BY clause: Sorting results
• LIMIT clause: Limiting the number of rows returned
2. Joins:
• INNER JOIN
• LEFT (OUTER) JOIN
• RIGHT (OUTER) JOIN
• FULL (OUTER) JOIN
• CROSS JOIN
• Understanding join conditions and scenarios for each type of join
3. Aggregation and Grouping:
• GROUP BY clause
• HAVING clause: Filtering grouped results
• Aggregate functions: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX
4. Subqueries:
• Nested subqueries: Using subqueries in SELECT, FROM, WHERE, and HAVING clauses
• Correlated subqueries
5. Common Table Expressions (CTEs):
• Syntax and use cases for CTEs (WITH clause)
6. Window Functions:
• ROW_NUMBER()
• RANK()
• DENSE_RANK()
• LEAD() and LAG()
• PARTITION BY clause
7. Data Manipulation:
• INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements
• Understanding transaction control with COMMIT and ROLLBACK
8. Data Definition:
• CREATE TABLE
• ALTER TABLE
• DROP TABLE
• Constraints: PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL
9. Indexing:
• Purpose and types of indexes
• How indexing affects query performance
10. Performance Optimization:
• Understanding query execution plans
• Identifying and resolving common performance issues
11. SQL Functions:
• String functions: CONCAT, SUBSTRING, LENGTH
• Date functions: DATEADD, DATEDIFF, GETDATE
• Mathematical functions: ROUND, CEILING, FLOOR
12. Stored Procedures and Triggers:
• Basics of writing and using stored procedures
• Basics of writing and using triggers
13. ETL (Extract, Transform, Load):
• Understanding the process and SQL's role in ETL operations
14. Advanced Topics (if time permits):
• Understanding complex data types (JSON, XML)
• Working with large datasets and big data considerations
Hope it helps :)
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Top 9 Http Methods-
GET 🧐 - Retrieve data from a resource.
HEAD 🎧 - Retrieve the headers of a resource.
POST 📮 - Submit data to a resource.
PUT 📥 - Update an existing resource or create a new resource.
DELETE 🗑️ - Remove a resource.
CONNECT 🔗 - Establish a network connection for a resource.
OPTIONS ⚙️ - Describe communication options for the target resource.
TRACE 🕵️♂️ - Retrieve a diagnostic trace of the request.
PATCH 🩹 - Apply a partial update to a resource.
GET 🧐 - Retrieve data from a resource.
HEAD 🎧 - Retrieve the headers of a resource.
POST 📮 - Submit data to a resource.
PUT 📥 - Update an existing resource or create a new resource.
DELETE 🗑️ - Remove a resource.
CONNECT 🔗 - Establish a network connection for a resource.
OPTIONS ⚙️ - Describe communication options for the target resource.
TRACE 🕵️♂️ - Retrieve a diagnostic trace of the request.
PATCH 🩹 - Apply a partial update to a resource.
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Step 10: Build some more projects
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1. Python
2. TypeScript
3. JavaScript
4. C#
5. HTML
6. Rust
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15. Shell
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According to the Latest GitHub Repositories
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3. JavaScript
4. C#
5. HTML
6. Rust
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8. C
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10. Lua
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Top 10 CSS Interview Questions
1. What is CSS and what are its key features?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML. Its key features include controlling layout, styling text, setting colors, spacing, and more, allowing for a separation of content and design for better maintainability and flexibility.
2. Explain the difference between inline, internal, and external CSS.
- Inline CSS is applied directly within an HTML element using the
- Internal CSS is defined within a
- External CSS is linked to an HTML document via the
3. What is the CSS box model and what are its components?
The CSS box model describes the rectangular boxes generated for elements in the document tree and consists of four components:
- Content: The actual content of the element.
- Padding: The space between the content and the border.
- Border: The edge surrounding the padding.
- Margin: The space outside the border that separates the element from others.
4. How do you center a block element horizontally using CSS?
To center a block element horizontally, you can use the
5. What are CSS selectors and what are the different types?
CSS selectors are patterns used to select elements to apply styles. The different types include:
- Universal selector (
- Element selector (
- Class selector (
- ID selector (
- Attribute selector (
- Pseudo-class selector (
- Pseudo-element selector (
6. Explain the difference between
-
-
-
-
7. What is Flexbox and how is it used in CSS?
Flexbox (Flexible Box Layout) is a layout model that allows for more efficient arrangement of elements within a container. It is used to align and distribute space among items in a container, even when their size is unknown or dynamic. Flexbox is enabled by setting
8. How do you create a responsive design in CSS?
Responsive design can be achieved using media queries, flexible grid layouts, and relative units like percentages,
9. What are CSS preprocessors and name a few popular ones.
CSS preprocessors extend CSS with variables, nested rules, and functions, making it more powerful and easier to maintain. Popular CSS preprocessors include:
- Sass (Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets)
- LESS (Leaner Style Sheets)
- Stylus
10. How do you implement CSS animations?
CSS animations are implemented using the
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1. What is CSS and what are its key features?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML. Its key features include controlling layout, styling text, setting colors, spacing, and more, allowing for a separation of content and design for better maintainability and flexibility.
2. Explain the difference between inline, internal, and external CSS.
- Inline CSS is applied directly within an HTML element using the
style attribute.- Internal CSS is defined within a
<style> tag inside the <head> section of an HTML document.- External CSS is linked to an HTML document via the
<link> tag and is written in a separate .css file.3. What is the CSS box model and what are its components?
The CSS box model describes the rectangular boxes generated for elements in the document tree and consists of four components:
- Content: The actual content of the element.
- Padding: The space between the content and the border.
- Border: The edge surrounding the padding.
- Margin: The space outside the border that separates the element from others.
4. How do you center a block element horizontally using CSS?
To center a block element horizontally, you can use the
margin: auto; property. For example:.center {
width: 50%;
margin: auto;
}5. What are CSS selectors and what are the different types?
CSS selectors are patterns used to select elements to apply styles. The different types include:
- Universal selector (
*)- Element selector (
element)- Class selector (
.class)- ID selector (
#id)- Attribute selector (
[attribute])- Pseudo-class selector (
:pseudo-class)- Pseudo-element selector (
::pseudo-element)6. Explain the difference between
absolute, relative, fixed, and sticky positioning in CSS.-
relative: The element is positioned relative to its normal position.-
absolute: The element is positioned relative to its nearest positioned ancestor or the initial containing block if none exists.-
fixed: The element is positioned relative to the viewport and does not move when the page is scrolled.-
sticky: The element is treated as relative until a given offset position is met in the viewport, then it behaves as fixed.7. What is Flexbox and how is it used in CSS?
Flexbox (Flexible Box Layout) is a layout model that allows for more efficient arrangement of elements within a container. It is used to align and distribute space among items in a container, even when their size is unknown or dynamic. Flexbox is enabled by setting
display: flex; on a container element.8. How do you create a responsive design in CSS?
Responsive design can be achieved using media queries, flexible grid layouts, and relative units like percentages,
em, and rem. Media queries adjust styles based on the viewport's width, height, and other characteristics. For example:@media (max-width: 600px) {
.container {
width: 100%;
}
}9. What are CSS preprocessors and name a few popular ones.
CSS preprocessors extend CSS with variables, nested rules, and functions, making it more powerful and easier to maintain. Popular CSS preprocessors include:
- Sass (Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets)
- LESS (Leaner Style Sheets)
- Stylus
10. How do you implement CSS animations?
CSS animations are implemented using the
@keyframes rule to define the animation and the animation property to apply it to an element. For example:@keyframes example {
from {background-color: red;}
to {background-color: yellow;}
}
.element {
animation: example 5s infinite;
}Web Development Best Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/930165
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✅ Coding A-Z: Your Essential Guide 💻 ✨
🅰️ Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. The backbone of every program.
🅱️ Boolean: A data type with only two possible values: true or false. The foundation of logic in code.
©️ Class: A blueprint for creating objects, encapsulating data and methods. Central to object-oriented programming.
🅳 Data Structure: A way of organizing and storing data for efficient access and modification (e.g., arrays, linked lists, trees).
🅴 Exception: An event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the normal flow of instructions (handle them!).
🅵 Function: A block of organized, reusable code that performs a specific task. A building block of modular code.
🅶 Git: A distributed version control system for tracking changes in source code during software development. Essential for collaboration.
🅷 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): The foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web.
🅸 IDE (Integrated Development Environment): A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development (e.g., VS Code, IntelliJ).
🅹 JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): A lightweight data-interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate.
🅺 Keyword: A reserved word in a programming language that has a special meaning and cannot be used as an identifier.
🅻 Loop: A sequence of instructions that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached (e.g., for loop, while loop).
🅼 Method: A function that is associated with an object. They define the behavior of objects.
🅽 Null: Represents the absence of a value or a non-existent object pointer.
🅾️ Object: A fundamental concept in object-oriented programming, it is an instance of a class, containing data (attributes) and code (methods).
🅿️ Polymorphism: The ability of different classes to respond to the same method call in their own specific way.
🆀 Query: A request for data from a database.
🆁 Recursion: A function that calls itself to solve a smaller instance of the same problem. Useful for problems with self-similar substructures.
🆂 String: A sequence of characters, used to represent text.
🆃 Thread: A small unit of CPU execution, that can be executed concurrently with other units of the same program.
🆄 Unicode: A character encoding standard that provides a unique number for every character, regardless of the platform, program, or language.
🆅 Variable: A named storage location in the computer's memory that can hold a value.
🆆 While Loop: A control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given boolean condition.
🆇 XML (Extensible Markup Language): A markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.
🆈 YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language): A human-readable data serialization language often used for configuration files and in applications where data is being stored or transmitted.
🆉 Zero-Based Indexing: A way of indexing an array where the first element has an index of zero.
Tap ❤️ for more!
🅰️ Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. The backbone of every program.
🅱️ Boolean: A data type with only two possible values: true or false. The foundation of logic in code.
©️ Class: A blueprint for creating objects, encapsulating data and methods. Central to object-oriented programming.
🅳 Data Structure: A way of organizing and storing data for efficient access and modification (e.g., arrays, linked lists, trees).
🅴 Exception: An event that occurs during the execution of a program that disrupts the normal flow of instructions (handle them!).
🅵 Function: A block of organized, reusable code that performs a specific task. A building block of modular code.
🅶 Git: A distributed version control system for tracking changes in source code during software development. Essential for collaboration.
🅷 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): The foundation of data communication on the World Wide Web.
🅸 IDE (Integrated Development Environment): A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development (e.g., VS Code, IntelliJ).
🅹 JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): A lightweight data-interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate.
🅺 Keyword: A reserved word in a programming language that has a special meaning and cannot be used as an identifier.
🅻 Loop: A sequence of instructions that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached (e.g., for loop, while loop).
🅼 Method: A function that is associated with an object. They define the behavior of objects.
🅽 Null: Represents the absence of a value or a non-existent object pointer.
🅾️ Object: A fundamental concept in object-oriented programming, it is an instance of a class, containing data (attributes) and code (methods).
🅿️ Polymorphism: The ability of different classes to respond to the same method call in their own specific way.
🆀 Query: A request for data from a database.
🆁 Recursion: A function that calls itself to solve a smaller instance of the same problem. Useful for problems with self-similar substructures.
🆂 String: A sequence of characters, used to represent text.
🆃 Thread: A small unit of CPU execution, that can be executed concurrently with other units of the same program.
🆄 Unicode: A character encoding standard that provides a unique number for every character, regardless of the platform, program, or language.
🆅 Variable: A named storage location in the computer's memory that can hold a value.
🆆 While Loop: A control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given boolean condition.
🆇 XML (Extensible Markup Language): A markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.
🆈 YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language): A human-readable data serialization language often used for configuration files and in applications where data is being stored or transmitted.
🆉 Zero-Based Indexing: A way of indexing an array where the first element has an index of zero.
Tap ❤️ for more!
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𝗧𝗼𝗽 𝗠𝗡𝗖𝘀 𝗛𝗶𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝘁𝘀 ,𝗕𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝘁𝘀 & 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁𝘀😍
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Qualification:- Graduation
Salary Range :- 5 To 24LPA
Job Location:- PAN India
𝗔𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗡𝗼𝘄👇:-
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Select your experience & Complete the Registration Process
Select the company name & apply for the role that matches you
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