буквально сегодня видел на ютубе короткое видео про cycle notation of permutations, а тут в статье это используется
The upshot is that in a coherent equivalence system, worlds indistinguishable at a given world must in particular be indistinguishable in terms of indistinguishability.
как Эллерман успевает писать столько всего по темам от философии и теории информации до политической экономики
Ontology the progressive research program (not to be confused with ontology the swapping of hunches about what exists) is usually traced back to Quine's 1948 paper ‘On What There Is’.
According to Quine in that paper, the ontological problem can be stated in three words—‘what is there?’—and answered in one: ‘everything’. Not only that, Quine says, but ‘everyone will accept this answer as true’.
But what could prevent there from being a fact of the matter as to whether a thing is? The idea of looking for trouble in the application conditions of ‘exists’ makes no sense, because these conditions are automatically satisfied by whatever they are tested against.
первым signalling games предложили не экономисты, а Льюис для объяснения того, как появляются конвенциональные значения слов