A Detailed Guide on OS Command Injection
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In this article, we’ll learn about OS Command Injection, in which an attacker is able to trigger some arbitrary system shell commands on the hosted operating system via a vulnerable web-application.
📘 Introduction to Command Injection
❓ How Command Injection Occurs?
🔣 Metacharacters
📂 Types of Command Injection
💥 Impact of OS Command Injection
🧭 Steps to Exploit – OS Command Injection
🛠️ Manual Exploitation
📟 Basic OS Command Injection
🚫 Bypass a Blacklist Implemented
🤖 Exploitation through Automated Tools
🧪 Burp Suite
✍️ Manual
🌪️ Fuzzing
🧬 Commix
🎯 Metasploit
👁️ Blind OS Command Injection
🔍 Detection
💣 Exploitation
🔥 Telegram: https://news.1rj.ru/str/hackinarticles
In this article, we’ll learn about OS Command Injection, in which an attacker is able to trigger some arbitrary system shell commands on the hosted operating system via a vulnerable web-application.
📘 Introduction to Command Injection
❓ How Command Injection Occurs?
🔣 Metacharacters
📂 Types of Command Injection
💥 Impact of OS Command Injection
🧭 Steps to Exploit – OS Command Injection
🛠️ Manual Exploitation
📟 Basic OS Command Injection
🚫 Bypass a Blacklist Implemented
🤖 Exploitation through Automated Tools
🧪 Burp Suite
✍️ Manual
🌪️ Fuzzing
🧬 Commix
🎯 Metasploit
👁️ Blind OS Command Injection
🔍 Detection
💣 Exploitation
Wireless Penetration Testing: PMKID Attack
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This attack targets WPA and WPA2 protocols effectively. However, recent studies show that WPA3 offers far greater resistance and shows little to no success against PMKID attacks.
🔓 Open System Authentication
🔐 Shared Key Authentication
📶 WPA and WPA2 PSK
🤝 4-Way Handshake
🧠 PMK Caching and PMKID (in the RSN IE frame)
📖 Explanation of Attack
🎯 Capturing PMKID using hcxdumptool
⚙️ Converting pcapng to hashcat file and Cracking Using Hashcat
🎯 Capturing Only a Single PMKID using hcxdumptool
🔄 Converting pcapng to pcap and Cracking Using Aircrack-ng
🛠️ PMKID Capture and Attack Using Airgeddon
🌐 PMKID Capture Using Bettercap
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This attack targets WPA and WPA2 protocols effectively. However, recent studies show that WPA3 offers far greater resistance and shows little to no success against PMKID attacks.
🔓 Open System Authentication
🔐 Shared Key Authentication
📶 WPA and WPA2 PSK
🤝 4-Way Handshake
🧠 PMK Caching and PMKID (in the RSN IE frame)
📖 Explanation of Attack
🎯 Capturing PMKID using hcxdumptool
⚙️ Converting pcapng to hashcat file and Cracking Using Hashcat
🎯 Capturing Only a Single PMKID using hcxdumptool
🔄 Converting pcapng to pcap and Cracking Using Aircrack-ng
🛠️ PMKID Capture and Attack Using Airgeddon
🌐 PMKID Capture Using Bettercap
🔍 [Day 3] ADCS Exploitation: ESC3
ESC3 exploits misconfigured Enrollment Agent templates, allowing attackers to request certificates for other users.
📌 Key Points:
Risk: Templates with Enrollment Agent rights enable malicious certificate issuance.
Exploitation: Forge certificates for privileged accounts using Certificate Request Agent permissions.
Mitigation: Restrict Enrollment Agent roles and audit template permissions.
📖 Reference: ESC3 Technical Breakdown
ESC3 exploits misconfigured Enrollment Agent templates, allowing attackers to request certificates for other users.
📌 Key Points:
Risk: Templates with Enrollment Agent rights enable malicious certificate issuance.
Exploitation: Forge certificates for privileged accounts using Certificate Request Agent permissions.
Mitigation: Restrict Enrollment Agent roles and audit template permissions.
📖 Reference: ESC3 Technical Breakdown
FFUF
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🔍 State of Pentesting 2025: Key Insights
Discover the latest trends shaping enterprise security validation:
✔ 67% of US enterprises breached in 24 months
✔ 75+ security tools deployed on average (45% growing stacks)
✔ 55% now use software-based pentesting for scalability
✔ $187K avg. annual pentesting spend (11% of security budgets)
🔧 Top Shifts:
• Cyber insurance drives 59% of tool adoption
• 50% of orgs prioritize automated adversarial testing
• Only 14% trust govt. cyber support
Discover the latest trends shaping enterprise security validation:
✔ 67% of US enterprises breached in 24 months
✔ 75+ security tools deployed on average (45% growing stacks)
✔ 55% now use software-based pentesting for scalability
✔ $187K avg. annual pentesting spend (11% of security budgets)
🔧 Top Shifts:
• Cyber insurance drives 59% of tool adoption
• 50% of orgs prioritize automated adversarial testing
• Only 14% trust govt. cyber support
🔍 Kerberos Username Bruteforce: AD Recon Made Easy
Learn to identify valid usernames in Active Directory via Kerberos pre-authentication without triggering lockouts:
✔ No account lockouts – Safe enumeration
✔ Stealthy recon – Fly under the radar
✔ Tool options – Rubeus, Kerbrute, and more
🔧 Key Techniques:
• Kerberos error code analysis (KRB5KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED vs. KRB5KDC_ERR_C_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN)
• Wordlist customization for effective bruteforcing
• Rate-limiting bypass tactics
Learn to identify valid usernames in Active Directory via Kerberos pre-authentication without triggering lockouts:
✔ No account lockouts – Safe enumeration
✔ Stealthy recon – Fly under the radar
✔ Tool options – Rubeus, Kerbrute, and more
🔧 Key Techniques:
• Kerberos error code analysis (KRB5KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED vs. KRB5KDC_ERR_C_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN)
• Wordlist customization for effective bruteforcing
• Rate-limiting bypass tactics
Windows Privilege Escalation: SeBackupPrivilege
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In this article, we will shed light on some of the methods of Escalating Privilege on Windows-based Devices when it is vulnerable to the SeBackup Privilege after getting the initial foothold on the device.
☢ Introduction
☢Setting Up Privilege on Windows 10
☢Testing Privilege on Windows 10
☢Exploiting Privilege on Windows 10
☢Setting Up Privilege on Domain Controller
☢Testing Privilege on Domain Controller
☢Exploiting Privilege on Domain Controller (Method 1)
☢Exploiting Privilege on Domain Controller (Method 2)
☢Conclusion
✴ Twitter: https://lnkd.in/e7yRpDpY
In this article, we will shed light on some of the methods of Escalating Privilege on Windows-based Devices when it is vulnerable to the SeBackup Privilege after getting the initial foothold on the device.
☢ Introduction
☢Setting Up Privilege on Windows 10
☢Testing Privilege on Windows 10
☢Exploiting Privilege on Windows 10
☢Setting Up Privilege on Domain Controller
☢Testing Privilege on Domain Controller
☢Exploiting Privilege on Domain Controller (Method 1)
☢Exploiting Privilege on Domain Controller (Method 2)
☢Conclusion
🔥 Ethical Hacking Proactive Training 🔥
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📘 M1-Introduction
🏫 OLD School Learning
🌐 Basic of Networks
🔍 Recon - Footprinting
📡 Recon - Network Scanning
📜 Recon - Enumeration
💻 System Hacking
🔗 Post Exploitation & Persistence
🖥️ Webservers Penetration Testing
🌍 Website Hacking
🦠 Malware Threats
📶 Wireless Networks Hacking
🔐 Cryptography & Steganography
🕵️ Sniffing Attack
🚫 Denial of Service
🛡️ Evading IDS, Firewalls & Honey Pots
🎭 Social Engineering
📱 Hacking Mobile Platforms
🔗 Register here: https://forms.gle/bowpX9TGEs41GDG99
💬 WhatsApp: https://wa.me/message/HIOPPNENLOX6F1
📧 Email: info@ignitetechnologies.in
Join Ignite Technologies ETHICAL HACKING PROACTIVE TRAINING live sessions with core practicals at Lowest Price.
BOOK YOUR DEMO NOW ………….
📘 M1-Introduction
🏫 OLD School Learning
🌐 Basic of Networks
🔍 Recon - Footprinting
📡 Recon - Network Scanning
📜 Recon - Enumeration
💻 System Hacking
🔗 Post Exploitation & Persistence
🖥️ Webservers Penetration Testing
🌍 Website Hacking
🦠 Malware Threats
📶 Wireless Networks Hacking
🔐 Cryptography & Steganography
🕵️ Sniffing Attack
🚫 Denial of Service
🛡️ Evading IDS, Firewalls & Honey Pots
🎭 Social Engineering
📱 Hacking Mobile Platforms