style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n \"\n >This link is only valid for the next 24\n hours.</strong\n >\n </p>\n <table\n class=\"body-action\"\n align=\"center\"\n width=\"100%\"\n cellpadding=\"0\"\n cellspacing=\"0\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n margin: 30px auto;\n padding: 0;\n text-align: center;\n width: 100%;\n \"\n >\n <tr>\n <td\n align=\"center\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <table\n width=\"100%\"\n border=\"0\"\n cellspacing=\"0\"\n cellpadding=\"0\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n \"\n >\n <tr>\n <td\n align=\"center\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <table\n border=\"0\"\n cellspacing=\"0\"\n cellpadding=\"0\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n \"\n >\n <tr>\n <td\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <a\n href=\"{{action_url}}\"\n class=\"button button--blue\"\n target=\"_blank\"\n style=\"\n -webkit-text-size-adjust: none;\n background: #007dcc;\n border-color: #007dcc;\n border-radius: 3px;\n border-style: solid;\n border-width: 10px 18px;\n box-shadow: 0 2px 3px\n rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);\n box-sizing: border-box;\n color: #ffffff;\n

display: inline-block;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n text-decoration: none;\n \"\n >Confirm Email</a\n >\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n <p\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n color: #74787e;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n line-height: 1.5em;\n margin-top: 0;\n \"\n align=\"left\"\n >\n Thanks, <br />The ch Team\n </p>\n <table\n class=\"body-sub\"\n style=\"\n border-top-color: #edeff2;\n border-top-style: solid;\n border-top-width: 1px;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n margin-top: 25px;\n padding-top: 25px;\n \"\n >\n <tr>\n <td\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <p\n class=\"sub\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n color: #74787e;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n font-size: 12px;\n line-height: 1.5em;\n margin-top: 0;\n \"\n align=\"left\"\n >\n If you’re having trouble with the button above,\n copy and paste the URL below into your web\n browser.\n </p>\n <p\n class=\"sub\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n color: #74787e;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n line-height: 1.5em;\n margin-top: 0;\n \"\n align=\"left\"\n >\n {{action_url}}\n </p>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <table\n class=\"email-footer\"\n align=\"center\"\n

width=\"570\"\n cellpadding=\"0\"\n cellspacing=\"0\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 0;\n text-align: center;\n width: 570px;\n \"\n >\n <tr>\n <td\n class=\"content-cell\"\n align=\"center\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n padding: 35px;\n word-break: break-word;\n \"\n >\n <p\n class=\"sub align-center\"\n style=\"\n box-sizing: border-box;\n color: #bbbfc3;\n font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n font-size: 12px;\n line-height: 1.5em;\n margin-top: 0;\n \"\n align=\"center\"\n >\n © 2023 ch. All rights reserved.\n </p>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </table>\n </body>\n</html>\n",
"TextPart": "Use this link to confirm your email. The link is only valid for 24 hours.\n\nch ( https://example.com )\n\n************\nHi {{name}},\n************\n\nUse the button below to confirm your email on ch. This link is only valid for the next 24 hours.\n\nConfirm your email ( {{ action_url }} )\n\nThanks,\nThe ch Team\n\nIf you’re having trouble with the button above, copy and paste the URL below into your web browser.\n\n{{action_url}}\n\n© 2023 ch. All rights reserved.\n"
}
}

```

Has a tonne of new lines, extra spaces and what not. How do I tell jq to remove these while reading the rawfile?

https://redd.it/15n1mkl
@r_bash

One of the insignificant portions of my shell noscript, what do you think?
https://redd.it/15n22f9
@r_bash

Unwanted expansion - no idea why this is happening in grep with Perl regex

Trying negative lookbehind with grep.

This seems reasonable, show 5 numbers not preceded by 'w':
echo -e "w12121\n888lj\n123456" | grep -P "(?<!w)[[:digit:]]{5}"

I get this error:
grep: syntax error in subpattern name (missing terminator)

and this appears in my history:

echo -e "w12121\n888lj\n123456" | grep -P "(?<wc -l current.csv )[[:digit:]]{5}"

So the <!w was expanded to wc -l current.csv.

Where is this coming from? How can I avoid it? (tried single and double quote around the regex, same result.

&#x200B;

https://redd.it/15n1jnz
@r_bash

Got a strange bash behaviour recently, any idea how can I fix this?
https://redd.it/15nmpqd
@r_bash

I wrote a TUI drawing tool in just bash
https://github.com/wick3dr0se/drawin

https://redd.it/15ns0yj
@r_bash

How do I add a variable as an alias?

I'm not sure if that was a decent enough denoscription, but basically, I'm trying to effectively remove the --volume= part of mpv --volume =x. I want to input mpv x and for it to set mpv's volume to x, and I want to add this to my .zshrc, as opposed to a noscript, because I know I can make a noscript and just do cd [directory] && ./[noscript].sh && cd or something like that.

&#x200B;

I'm hoping what I said made sense. I've tried several ideas such as alias mpv=$1 --volume=$1 and even prefaced it with volume=$1 just in case.

&#x200B;

I showed this to a friend in my software class, and she wrote: alias mpv='volume(){ mpv ~/Music/[playlist]/* --shuffle --no-audio-display --af="volume='$1'" "$2"; unset -f volume; }; volume' which i don't understand, nor does it work.

&#x200B;

In case you're wondering/haven't noticed, the full command I want to use is: mpv ~/Music/[playlist]/* --volume=x --shuffle --no-audio-display

&#x200B;

If I'm lucky enough to have someone help me with this, I could also change: alias weather='curl -s `wttr.in/`[location] | head -n -2' To alias weather x='curl -s `wttr.in/`x | head -n -2'.

https://redd.it/15o8igq
@r_bash

I wrote a simple JSON -> JSON schema converter in jq

Here is a code:

def to_noscript: . | gsub("(?<x>[A-Z])"; " \(.x)") | ascii_downcase;
def to_denoscription: . | to_noscript + "\n" + $url;

def wrap: {
type: "object",
properties: with_entries(
if .value | type != "object" then
{
key,
value: {
noscript: .key | to_noscript,
denoscription: .key | to_denoscription,
type: (.value | type),
default: .value
}
}
else
.value = {
noscript: .key | to_noscript,
denoscription: .key | to_denoscription
} + (.value | wrap)
end)
};

{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema",
noscript: "config",
denoscription: "A config"
} + (. | wrap)


The idea is to pass some sample config file for some tool and get a JSON schema generated for it. I wrote this noscript as I didn't like how [online generator](https://jsonformatter.org/yaml-to-jsonschema) generated JSON schemas for YAML: it used too many `$ref`s when they were redundant, and made all properties required by default. So I decided just to convert YAML -> JSON and then apply my noscript to get JSON schemas.


For the following input: `{ "a": 1, "b": { "c": 2, "d": { "e": 3 } } }` it generates this schema (note that `--arg url x` is passed to jq):

Input:

'{ "a": 1, "b": { "c": 2, "d": { "e": 3 } } }'

Output:

{
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema",
"noscript": "config",
"denoscription": "A config",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"a": {
"noscript": "a",
"denoscription": "a\nx",
"type": "number",
"default": 1
},
"b": {
"noscript": "b",
"denoscription": "b\nx",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"c": {
"noscript": "c",
"denoscription": "c\nx",
"type": "number",
"default": 2
},
"d": {
"noscript": "d",
"denoscription": "d\nx",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"e": {
"noscript": "e",
"denoscription": "e\nx",
"type": "number",
"default": 3
}
}
}
}
}
}
}

https://redd.it/15oh21e
@r_bash

Command-line secrets manager powered by macOS keychains, written entirely in Bash
https://github.com/loteoo/ks

https://redd.it/15onqrx
@r_bash

Running a bash noscript function as an alias

pzserver () {
if "$1" == "-backup" ; then
# run backup function
elif "$1 == "-start" ; then
# run start function
elif "$1" == "-quit" ; then
# run quit function
else
# no options set
fi
}

^(Obligatory: I'm new at bash noscripting so forgive me if I'm overlooking a simpler solution. Also, any tips and hints in general are much appreciated!)

I have the function above defined in my .bashrc and would like to use this function from a terminal. For example, I'd like to run pzserver -backup from a terminal to start the backup process. However, I'm seeing the following error when running that command: -bash: pzserver: command not found

Of course I've done some searching and found that I'll need to use bash -c to be able to do this, however I'm not sure how to get an alias to do this for me.

alias pzserver = "bash -c source pzserver.sh; pzserver $1" doesn't work, it returns -bash: alias: pzserver: not found

Any hints would be massively appreciated! Thanks!

https://redd.it/15opx5k
@r_bash

grep 'echo -' vs grep 'echo -.'

what am i missing here, the results for the second version all appear in red font? what's the difference the dot is making? i always thought .* refered to filenames?

https://redd.it/15ose0y
@r_bash

How do I output the new lines onto my terminal.

If I do echo "dog\ncow\ncat" > file1.txt and then cat file1.txt, it will output dog\ncow\ncat.

But if we do echo -e "dog\ncow\ncat" > file1.txtand then cat it, then it does output the newlines correctly.

If I forget the -e option in the initial echo step, then is there a way to still have the newlines output onto my terminal?

https://redd.it/15pfkp1
@r_bash

a little wallpaper noscript written by a noob

This is my noscript here: https://github.com/jpatzy/whaven

I was looking for a project idea to help me learn and I came across this wallpaper noscript by /u/wick3dr0se that grabs random wallpapers from unsplash, so I decided to make own noscript to get random wallpapers from Wallhaven.cc. I originally started writing this in bash (I thought) but found out that most of it wasn't bash, and so with the help of shellcheck I tried to make it POSIX compliant instead. I am not 100% that it is since shell noscripting is very new to me.

If anybody is willing to take a look, I'd appreciate any feedback, tips, or criticisms. It only works with utilities that I have personally used which are, sway, feh, and gnome (gsettings).

https://redd.it/15ph8o1
@r_bash

Isolated environment for iteratively developing dev machine set up noscript?

I want to write a noscript that will set up my machine (MacOS). Nothing too crazy - install brew, brew install a bunch of things I use, prompt me for certain logins so it can auth for me, etc.

Hypothetically, if I test a bash function to install something, then make a change, I'll need to uninstall that thing to re-test.

Is there a better way to do this? Some sort of isolated environment that I can tear down with each run?

Thanks

https://redd.it/15pkanw
@r_bash

awk - how to wrap printf for readability?

writing a really long printf, how to separate it into multiple lines? ie this doesnt work:

{printf(" stuff stuff stuff"

printf "stuff stuff");}

https://redd.it/15puett
@r_bash

whats the x in cat /etc/passwd?



https://redd.it/15puc8h
@r_bash

text in e-mail subject 'corrupts' e-mail body

I have a slightly modified version of this noscript which monitors a zfs volume. It e-mails me after it runs with this command

echo -e "$emailMessage \n\n\n <pre>/sbin/zpool list \n\n\n /sbin/zpool status</pre>" | mailx -v -s "$emailSubject
Content-Type: text/html" my.address@gmail.com

Its output looks like this:

https://i.imgur.com/JWgOAUg.png

One part of the noscript does this:

if ${problems} -eq 0 ; then
capacity=$(/sbin/zpool list -H -o capacity)
for line in ${capacity//%/}
do
if $line -ge $maxCapacity ; then
emailSubject="$emailSubject - Capacity Exceeded"
problems=1
fi
done
fi

If this condition is true, the e-mail looks like this:

https://i.imgur.com/IhESPce.png

through some trial and error, I've found I can change this to:

emailSubject="$emailSubject - Capac"

and it will still format correctly.

However, adding an i (or any other letter) after "Capac" causes the e-mail formatting error.

I seem to be running into some kind of length limit, but I don't understand why. Is it because of the way the echo command is formatted?

For what its worth, the output of

"$emailMessage \n\n\n <pre>/sbin/zpool list \n\n\n /sbin/zpool status</pre>"

is 2303 characters long.


Another oddity is that if I were to do say:

echo -e "$emailMessage \n\n\n <pre>/sbin/zpool list \n\n\n /sbin/zpool status</pre>" | mailx -v -s "$emailSubject Content-Type: text/html" my.address@gmail.com

i.e. I don't put a new line between $emailSubject and Content-Type

instead of

echo -e "$emailMessage \n\n\n <pre>/sbin/zpool list \n\n\n /sbin/zpool status</pre>" | mailx -v -s "$emailSubject
Content-Type: text/html" my.address@gmail.com

I also get the same formatting issue

https://redd.it/15q07kx
@r_bash

Why does /*.py correctly interpret my wildcard but not \*.py?

This command works correctly to output all files ending with .py `ls | grep /*.py`

but this doesn't `ls | grep \*.py`. This doesn't output anything

I can't figure out why as isn't the backslash required to escape the *? In all of the internet resources, the backslash escapes the next character but I'm not sure why the forward slash version is working for me.

https://redd.it/15q2okr
@r_bash

Problem with: Compound Commands, Process Groups and SIGINT interaction

Hello!

I am diving into some more nuanced things about Bash I have noticed and trying to fill in a deeper grasp of some stuff. I have run into an issue I cannot find a resolution to and I wonder if I am missing something...need some pointers from some more knowledgeable folk!!!

If I have a loop - say a for loop with a simple long sleep in it- running in an interactive bash instance, then by running ps -p BASH_PID -o pgid,tpgid from another terminal I can see that the loop isn't in the foreground process group; however, by doing a bit of pgrep -P BASH_PID and some similar ps stuff I can see that the child process (the sleep ) is running in the foreground group. I am assuming that the for loop takes place in the interactive bash session itself (instead of a child process) so that variable assignments survive outside the loop etc. So far so good...

Problem: When I hit ctrl - C the bash loop quits immediately, this is standard behaviour however, I cannot quite explain this using what i have been reading....

Upon Ctrl -C, the driver sends SIGINT to the foreground process group...which in this case is the sleep and NOT the interactive bash instance that is housing the for loop itself. Have been reading relevant sections of the bash manual to explain this but I think I have missed something (sorry if obvious). This can be replicated by doing something like kill -INT -$(pgrep -P BASH_ID) from another terminal whilst the first runs and we get much the same result with the whole for group terminating.

The only thing I can find appears to be:

"When Bash receives a SIGINT, it breaks out of any executing loops" - GNU manual

..but it shouldn't be receiving any signals since it is sent directly to the child whether the signal originates from the terminal driver or the kill command I provided...unless bash is using some kinda system call to work out what killed the child process? Then I am just guessing. This behaviour is not seen when the for loop is backgrounded; quitting the sleep with the kill -INT PID_OF_CURRENT_SLEEP_ITERATION just sends it to the next iteration....

How can I account for this behaviour? Is there somewhere I verify this in the documentation?

Thanks for any help in getting me out of this conundrum!

https://redd.it/15q3f7d
@r_bash

Please Help! (bad substitution error)

hello, seeing a bad substitution error when executing my noscript? I have messed around with the spacing but to no avail it errors out with?: ${1,,}: bad substitution (line 3)? thank you!

https://preview.redd.it/ud8t7ezqhwhb1.png?width=2880&format=png&auto=webp&s=2c664d5641ecd61977800150ebc1c1c6ba93cb10

https://redd.it/15q2lqv
@r_bash