Using tail to pipe stdin ?

I wanted to update a yad notification with data from a subshell, so I tried using an external temporary file; I had various issues trying to do this, then tried this:

yad --notification --listen < <(tail -f -n1 $TMP 2>/dev/null | cat)

( $TMP is a tempfile where another part of the noscript put updates for the notification ; pipe to cat seems needed to avoid "buffering issues" ... )
It seems to work nicely, it's someway wrong to do this?

https://redd.it/18686zs
@r_bash

Does anyone know how to highlight specific characters when pasting output from a text file?

I'm making a wrapper for ncal that, just for fun, replaces the month, year, and weekday abbreviations with those from The Elder Scrolls (kind of a fun "to see if I could" project). I've used 'ncal -C' to do this, and I've sorted out most of the process, redirecting output to a text file, using sed to replace the month/year header and the day abbreviations, but there's one thing I can't seem to figure out how to do, and that's changing the text style of the current day to be black on white when catting out the .tmpdate file after making the changes to the first two lines with sed, so the current date is highlighted as normal with 'ncal-C'. I've worked with ChatGPT to see if it can get it to do it, but nothing it comes up with has worked.

Currently have this as what was last tried to highlight the current date:
`awk -v today="$(date +'%e')" '{gsub(/\\y'"$today"'\\y/, "\\033[1;31m&\\033[0m")}1' .tmpdate`
Though that doesn't do much more that `tail -n +2 .tmpdate`

Any thoughts would be welcome


https://redd.it/186c3fa
@r_bash

How to create argument suggestion for a programme?

I was wondering how one could replicate the default behaviour of many bash utilities, that show all available arguments after writting -+Tab.

https://redd.it/186mlii
@r_bash

Why is my bash for loop printing from the end?

Here is my code -

```declare -A mydict=(["key1"\]="value1"["key2"\]="value2")

for arg in "${!mydict[@\]}"; dojson_string="{\\"$arg\\":\\"${mydict[$arg\]}\\"}"echo $json_stringdone

```

This is the output -

```{"key2":"value2"}

{"key1":"value1"}

```

I was expecting it to do -

```{"key1":"value1"}

{"key2":"value2"}

&#x200B;

```

https://redd.it/186rdhf
@r_bash

Wildcard to only match certain files ?

So I am trying to create a wildcard that will only match certain files but I am not sure how to do so. In my dir the files look like this

10.0.0.1.csv
10.0.0.2.csv
10.0.0.3.csv
10.0.0.4.csv
10.0.0.5.csv
10.0.0.6.csv
10.0.0.7.csv
10.0.0.8.csv
10.0.0.9.csv
10.0.0.10.csv
toplist.csv
usage.csv
trial.csv


I only want to match the files with the IP addresses in their names , but the IP address in the filename may change. How can I accomplish this ?

https://redd.it/186tv00
@r_bash

A single function to extract all archive file types at once: tar{gz,tgz,xz,lz,bz2} + zip and 7z

####################################################################################
##
## How to demonstrate:
##
### 1) Add all of the following types of archives to an empty directory
## - name.tar.gz
## - name.tar.tgz
## - name.tar.xz
## - name.tar.bz2
## - name.tar.lz
## - name.zip
## - name.7z
##
## 2) Add the untar function to your .bash_functions or .bashrc file and source it or restart your terminal
##
## 3) Simply type "untar" in the same directory as the above archive files
## - Second method is to run this noscript in the same direcotry with the archive files using the command "bash untar.sh"
##
## Result: All archives will be extracted and ready to use
##
####################################################################################

You need 7z installed for the 7z and zip archive files and tar command for the tar files.

Also for the lz tar files you can install it using `sudo apt install lzip`

If you like you can use my GitHub 7zip noscript to instantly install the latest 7zip version 23.01.

bash <(curl -fsSL https://7z.optimizethis.net)

[GitHub Script: 7-zip installer](https://github.com/slyfox1186/noscript-repo/blob/main/Bash/Installer%20Scripts/SlyFox1186%20Scripts/build-7zip)

I hope you guys think it's worthy!

Cheers!

[GitHub Script: untar.sh](https://github.com/slyfox1186/noscript-repo/blob/main/Bash/Misc/untar.sh)

https://redd.it/186zwdp
@r_bash

Bash projects

What are some bash projects that you would think as a “trophy” in a resume/ or that have some potential in general (I’m mostly interested in blue team/ red team related projects).

https://redd.it/186zu8j
@r_bash

How to return lines from a JSON log file which contain matched IPs and timestamps values from a CSV?

IP and timestamp values exists in some way in the line entries of the JSON log file, and if so, return that specific JSON log entry to another file. I tried to make it universal so it's applicable to all IP addresses. Here's what the sample CSV file would look like;

"clientip,""destip","desthostname","timestamp"
"127.0.0.1","0.0.0.0","randomhost","2023-09-09T04:18:22.542Z"

And a sample line entry from the Json Log File

{"log": "09-Sept-2023 rate-limit: info: client @xyz 127.0.0.1, "stream":"stderr", "time": 2023-09-09T04:18:22.542Z"}

It's the lines from the JSON log file we want to return in the output.txt file when there's a match. The JSON file doesn't have the same fields and organization like the CSV does (with clientip, destip, dest\hostname, timestamp, but I was hoping that I could still at least return lines from the JSON log files to a new file that had matches on the clientip (like we see here with 127.0.0.1 in "info: client @xyz 127.0.0.1) and maybe the timestamp.

I tried using the join command like, join file.csv xyz-json.log > output.txt . Andawk did not yield much either.

https://redd.it/1877qzz
@r_bash

set -e, but show error message and line-number

I usually use set -e in my bash noscripts.

Unfortunately, you only get a non-zero exit value if a command fails, but no warning message.

Is there a simple way to get and error message and the line-number, if
a bash noscript stops because a command returned a non-zero status?

https://redd.it/187fr0c
@r_bash

incremental Backup

Hey

working on a rsync noscript to create incremental backups. I’ve used many different sources around the net including chatgpt to get to where I’m at. I understand approx 75% of whats going on and I’ve run to the point where I’m not grasping why somethings are the way they are... The noscript creates three directories: daily, weekly, monthly. each of these has sub directories ie, (daily)2023-11-30-02:00, 2023-11-29-02:00, etc (weekly)46,47,48. The noscript is supposed to delete backups past a defined date (I’ll use “daily” as example here on out) $DAILY_RETENTION_DAYS. TDirectory name correctly corresponds to the date the directory was actually created but the mtime is the date I first ran the noscript which is nov 9. All the directories are Nov 9 mtime regardless of when they were actually created. I assume this is due to how links operate. Why are the directories mtime off?

!/bin/bash

# debugging
export PS4='${LINENO}: ' #Prints out the line number being executed by debug
set -xv #Turn on debugging




######### Change Directory as Needed - Must Match Source Dir Name ###########

DESTOPT="MyFiles"


# Define source and destination servers and directories
SOURCESERVER="username@192.168.100.55"
SOURCEDIR="/srv/dev-disk-by-uuid-532c2087-63ea-4d82-9194-b2d49e371aa9/$DESTOPT"
DESTSERVER="localhost"
DESTROOT="/media/Storage01"
DESTDIR="$DESTROOT/$DESTOPT"

# Define backup retention periods in days
DAILYRETENTIONDAYS=7
WEEKLYRETENTIONDAYS=30
MONTHLYRETENTIONDAYS=365

# Define current date/time for use in backup directory name
CURRENTDATE=date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M"
CURRENTWEEK=`date "+%V"`
CURRENTMONTH=date "+%m"

# Define logs
if -d $DEST_ROOT/log ; then
echo "log directory exists"
else
mkdir -p $DESTROOT/log
fi

LOGDIR="$DESTROOT/log"
LOGFILE="$DESTOPT"-"$CURRENTDATE.log"

# Define rsync options
RSYNCOPTS="-rlthv --exclude=.Trash* --delete-after --itemize-changes --link-dest=$DESTDIR/current --log-file=$LOGDIR/$LOGFILE"

# Define notification threshold
DAILYTHRESHOLD=20
WEEKLYTHRESHOLD=100
MONTHLYTHRESHOLD=400

# Create backup directories on local destination server
mkdir -p "$DESTDIR/daily/$CURRENTDATE"
mkdir -p "$DESTDIR/weekly/$CURRENTWEEK"
mkdir -p "$DESTDIR/monthly/$CURRENTMONTH"
mkdir -p "$DESTDIR/current"

# Run rsync to perform daily backup
RSYNCOUTPUT=$(rsync $RSYNCOPTS $SOURCESERVER:$SOURCEDIR/ $DESTDIR/daily/$CURRENTDATE/)

# Count number of files changed
DAILYNUMCHANGED=$(echo "$RSYNCOUTPUT" | grep -c "^[\>\<cd]")

# Send email notification if number of files changed exceeds threshold
if [[ $DAILYNUMCHANGED -gt $DAILYTHRESHOLD ]]; then
sendmail -t < /home/user/Mail/backupthresholdexceeded.txt
fi

# Remove daily backups older than retention period
# 11-13-23 commented out as results are usually deleting all directories
#find $DESTDIR/daily -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +$DAILYRETENTIONDAYS -exec rm -rf {} \;

# Update symlink to most recent daily backup
rm -rf $DESTDIR/current && ln -s $DESTDIR/daily/$CURRENTDATE $DESTDIR/current


#
# Run rsync to perform weekly backup on Monday
if [ `date +%u` -eq 1 ]; then
rsyncoutput=$(rsync $RSYNCOPTS $SOURCESERVER:$SOURCEDIR/ $DESTDIR/weekly/$CURRENTWEEK/ 2>&1)
# Count number of files changed
WEEKLYNUMCHANGED=$(echo "$rsyncoutput" | grep -E '^sent|^total size' | awk '{print $NF}' | paste -sd+ - | bc)

# Remove weekly backups older than retention period
# find $DESTDIR/weekly -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +$WEEKLYRETENTIONDAYS -exec rm -rf {} \;

# Update symlink to most recent weekly backup
rm -f $DESTDIR/weekly/current && ln -s $DESTDIR/weekly/$CURRENTWEEK

$DESTDIR/weekly/current

# Send email notification if number of files changed exceeds threshold
if [[ $WEEKLYNUMCHANGED -gt $NOTIFICATIONTHRESHOLD ]]; then
sendmail -t < /home/user/Mail/backupthresholdexceeded.txt
fi
fi
#
# Run rsync to perform monthly backup on 1st day of month
if `date +%d` -eq 1 ; then
rsyncoutput=$(rsync $RSYNCOPTS $SOURCESERVER:$SOURCEDIR/ $DESTDIR/monthly/$CURRENTMONTH/ 2>&1)

# Count number of files changed
MONTHLYNUMCHANGED=$(echo "$rsyncoutput" | grep -E '^sent|^total size' | awk '{print $NF}' | paste -sd+ - | bc)

# Remove monthly backup older than retention period
# find $DESTDIR/monthly -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +$MONTHLYRETENTIONDAYS -exec rm -rf {} \;

# Update symlink to most rescent monthly backup
rm -f $DESTDIR/monthly/current && ln -s $DESTDIR/monthly/$CURRENTMONTH $DESTDIR/monthly/current

# Send email notification if number of files changed exceeds threshold
if [ $MONTHLY_NUM_CHNAGED -gt $NOTIFICATION_THRESHOLD ]; then
sendmail -t < /home/user/Mail/backupthresholdexceeded.txt
fi
fi

# Turn off debugging
set +xv

ls -la

user@backup:/media/Storage01/myfiles/daily$ ls -la
total 72
drwxrwxr-x 18 user user 4096 Nov 30 01:00 .
drwxrwxr-x 5 user user 4096 Nov 30 01:00 ..
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-15-09:25
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-17-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-18-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-19-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-20-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-20-14:07
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-21-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-22-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-23-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-24-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-25-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-26-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-27-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-28-01:00
drwxrwxr-x 13 user user 4096 Nov 9 16:30 2023-11-29-01:00

Notice I have commented out the lines to delete directories past the defined retention time as it deletes all the directories because mtime is Nov 9th. How do I fix this?

https://redd.it/187p2ly
@r_bash

String comparison unexpected results?

I have the following noscript:

if sqlite3 webapp/instance/app.db "SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM users WHERE username='admin');" > /dev/null
then
read -p "admin user exists, overwrite? " answer
if "$answer" = "y" ;
then
echo "Removing old admin account..."
sed -i '/ADMINPASSWORD/d' .env
sqlite3 webapp/instance/app.db "DELETE FROM users WHERE username='admin';"
ADMINPWMAYBE=ADMINPASSWORD
else
ADMINPWMAYBE=NULLPASSWORD
fi
fi

I run this and it goes as follows:

admin user exists, overwrite? y



There is no output and it doesn't delete the old ADMIN\PASSWORD

I have added echo "$answer" and it is indeed "y"

so what am I doing wrong?

https://redd.it/187meau
@r_bash

grep to output only needed capturing group
https://shnoscripts.com/grep-to-output-only-needed-capturing-group/

https://redd.it/187tjxd
@r_bash

Calculating with Logs in Bash...

I think BC can do it, or maybe EXPR, but can't find enough documentation or examples even.


I want to calculate this formula and display a result in a noscript I am building...


N = Log2 (S^L)

It's for calculating the password strength of a given password.

I have S and I have L, i need to calculate N. Short of generating Log tables and storing them in an array, I am stuck in finding an elegant solution.

Here are the notes I have received on how it works...

\----

**Password Entropy**

Password entropy is a measure of the randomness or unpredictability of a password. It is often expressed in bits and gives an indication of the strength of a password against brute-force attacks. The formula to calculate password entropy is:

\[ \\text{Entropy} = \\log\2(\\text{Number of Possible Combinations}) \]

Where:

(\\text{Entropy}) is the password entropy in bits.
( \\log_2 ) is the base-2 logarithm.
(\\text{Number of Possible Combinations}) is the total number of possible combinations of the characters used in the password.

The formula takes into account the length of the password and the size of the character set.

Here's a step-by-step guide to calculating password entropy:

Determine the Character Set:


Identify the character set used in the password. This includes uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.

Calculate the Size of the Character Set ((S)):


Add up the number of characters in the character set.

Determine the Password Length ((L)):


Identify the length of the password.

Calculate the Number of Possible Combinations ((N)):


Raise the size of the character set ((S)) to the power of the password length ((L)). \[ N = S\^L \]

Calculate the Entropy ((\\text{Entropy})):


Take the base-2 logarithm of the number of possible combinations ((N)). [ \\text{Entropy} = \\log_2(N) \]

This entropy value gives an indication of the strength of the password. Generally, higher entropy values indicate stronger passwords that are more resistant to brute-force attacks. Keep in mind that the actual strength of a password also depends on other factors, such as the effectiveness of the password generation method and the randomness of the chosen characters.

https://redd.it/18804ax
@r_bash

Trying to understand what the period does in a regular expression/wild card?

I'm a little confused about the difference here:

This is true (returns 0 exit code): [[ "aramel" =\~ c* \]\]; echo $?

This is false (returns 1): [[ "aramel" =\~ c.* \]\]; echo $?

(notice the period after the 'c' in the latter.

&#x200B;

Now, both will return a success if instead of writing 'aramel' we writ the word 'caramel'.

So it seems like one of them requires the c and the other does not?

&#x200B;

I've been asking and searching but I am still unsure about what specifically the dot affects.

https://redd.it/185ti39
@r_bash

Basename breaks everything somehow

\#!/bin/bash

baseFolder=\~/gameconverter/psx

&#x200B;

outputFolder=\~/gameconverter/output

rm -rf ${outputFolder}

mkdir ${outputFolder}

&#x200B;

nonSplitted=$(find ${baseFolder} -maxdepth 1 -not -regex ".*(Disc [12\]).*")

disc1=$(find ${baseFolder} -maxdepth 1 -regex ".*(Disc [1\]).*")

disc2=$(find ${baseFolder} -maxdepth 1 -regex ".*(Disc [2\]).*")

&#x200B;

for game in "${nonSplitted[@\]}"; do

gameName=$(basename "${game}")

input="${baseFolder}/${gameName}/${gameName}.cue"

output="${outputFolder}/${gameName}.chd"

chdman createcd -i "${input}" -o "${output}"

done

There are at least 20 psx games in basefolder but somehow, if I use basename or ##*/, it only runs once but with echo ${game} shows all the subfolders, why?

https://redd.it/188m8ch
@r_bash

Getting "read -p" to work within do loop reading files

I'm trying to read a file into my noscript, and prompt for input between each read. When I execute it, the prompt does not occur and only two lines are printed. Removing the "read yn" line means all the files.txt lines do print.

user@local ~/code/bash/interactivefilecopy> source pl.sh
in loop file001.txt
in loop file003.txt

user@local ~/code/bash/interactivefilecopy> cat pl.sh
while read -r linein; do
echo in loop $linein
read -p "whatever" yn
done <files.txt

user@local ~/code/bash/interactivefilecopy> cat files.txt
file001.txt
file002.txt
file003.txt

What am I doing wrong?

Thank you in advance.

https://redd.it/188ltyx
@r_bash

Functions and Libraries

So...... I have started moving all my snips of valuable functions that I use into a bunch of library files which I will make available to anyone who wants. The hardest part is documenting everything so it is actually useful.

My next step, once this step is done, is two make a "bash make" tool, that scans your noscript, scans the libraries that are called using `source` and then builds a single file containing only what is needed. Single file is easier for distribution.

BUT!!!! I have a question: Some of my functions from abc.lib.sh are needed in xyz.lib.sh as well as getting used by mainnoscript.sh. The kicker comes in that if I `source abc.lib.sh` in both the other files, the function loads twice which causes an error.

I can do a test before the source command to see if it is already loaded. I just want to know what is common practice for sequence of events.


I am currently doing:

1. declare statements
2. source statements
3. functions
4. main code

https://redd.it/18ae4xk
@r_bash

Help needed with my noscript

So basically i made simple neofetch, and i want to add ascii on left of the text.

i was thinking about creating something like list of ascii that i can change

github repo with code: https://github.com/Kotuu3/shfetch

https://redd.it/18akcqk
@r_bash

Why learn bash if there's python?

I don't get it. Python is inherently a simpler language(in terms of syntax mainly which obviously makes it easier to learn and stuffs).

Why should I learn bash when I can do everything else in python?

https://redd.it/18amkcn
@r_bash

Backup database with rsync to remote server, how?

My brain is stuck trying to figure out how to do this with rsync in a noscript.

This is what I have so far, and its just very wrong:

docker compose exec -T database pg_dump -U user teslamate | rsync -az 192.168.1.100:/media/user/backup/teslamate/"teslamate.bck.$(date)

any suggestions?

https://redd.it/18aobj0
@r_bash