Question about Bash Function

Hii, I had clicked on [this link](https://github.com/dylanaraps/pure-bash-bible) to get some information about using bash's own functionality instead of using external commands or binaries, depending on the context.

The thing is that I was looking at this function and I have some doubts:

remove_array_dups() {
# Usage: remove_array_dups "array"
declare -A tmp_array

for i in "$@"; do
[[ $i ]] && IFS=" " tmp_array["${i:- }"]=1
done

printf '%s\n' "${!tmp_array[@]}"
}
remove_array_dups "${array[@]}"

Inside the loop, I guess `[[ $i ]]` is used to not add empty strings as keys to the associative array, but I don't understand why then a parameter expansion is used in the array allocation, which adds a blank space in case the variable is empty or undefined

I don't know if it does this to add an element with an empty key and value 1 to the array in case `$i` is empty or unallocated, but it doesn't make much sense because `$i` will never be empty due to `[[ $i ]] && ...`, isn't it?

I also do not understand why the `IFS` value is changed to a blank space.

Please correct me if I am wrong or I am making a mistake in what I am saying. I understand that `IFS` acts when word splitting is performed after the different types of existing expansions or when `"$*"` is expanded.

But if the expansion is performed inside double quotes, word splitting does not act and therefore the previous `IFS` assignment would not apply, no?

Another thing I do not understand either, is the following, I have seen that for the `IFS` modification does not act on the shell environment, it can be used in conjunction with certain utilities such as read ( to affect only that input line ), you can make use of local or declare within a function or make use of a subshell, but being a parameter assignment, it would not see outside the context of the subshell ( I do not know if there is any attribute of the shell that modifies this behavior ).

In this case, this modification would affect `IFS` globally, no? Why would it do that in this case?

Another thing, in the short time I've been part of this community, I've noticed, reading other posts, that whenever possible, we usually choose to make use of bash's own functionalities instead of requiring external utilities (grep, awk, sed, basename...).

Do you know of any source of information, besides the github repo I posted above, that explains this?

At some point, I'd like to be able to be able to apply all these concepts whenever possible, and use bash itself instead of non builtin bash functionalities.

Thank you very much in advance for the resolution of the doubt.

https://redd.it/1ej6sg6
@r_bash

Guide to Customizing Your Prompt With Starship

I've recently switched from Oh-My-Zsh and Powerlevel10k to Starship for my shell prompt. While those are excellent tools, my config eventually felt a bit bloated. Oh-My-Zsh offers a "batteries included" approach with lots of features out of the box, but Starship's minimalist and lightweight nature made it easier for me to configure and maintain. Also, it's cross-platform and cross-shell, which is a nice bonus.

I recently made a video about my WezTerm and Starship config, but I kinda brushed over the Starship part. Since some people asked for a deeper dive, I made another video focusing on that.

Hope you find it helpful and if you're also using Starship, I'd love to see your configs! :)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2S18Xf2PRo

https://preview.redd.it/ynug9m9r5hgd1.png?width=2560&format=png&auto=webp&s=f99ddfcc4933f97a59d81a2ad4efa57333f0e820

https://redd.it/1ej7mq9
@r_bash

My first actually useful bash noscript

So this isn't my first noscript, I tend to do a lot of simple tasks with noscripts, but never actually took the time to turn them into a useful project.

I've created a backup utility, that can keep my configuration folders on one of my homelab servers backed up.

the main noscript, is called from cron jobs, with the relevant section name passed in from the cron file.

#!/bin/bash
# backup-and-sync.sh

CFG_FILE=/etc/config.ini
GREEN="\033[0;32m"
YELLOW="\033[1;33m"
NC="\033[0m"
WORK_DIR="/usr/local/bin"
LOCK_FILE="/tmp/$1.lock"
SECTION=$1

# Set the working directory
cd "$WORK_DIR" || exit

# Function to log to Docker logs
log() {
    local timeStamp=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    echo -e "${GREEN}${timeStamp}${NC} - $@" | tee -a /proc/1/fd/1
}

# Function to log errors to Docker logs with timestamp
log_error() {
    local timeStamp=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    while read -r line; do
        echo -e "${YELLOW}${timeStamp}${NC} - ERROR - $line" | tee -a /proc/1/fd/1
    done
}

# Function to read the configuration file
read_config() {
    local section=$1
    eval "$(awk -F "=" -v section="$section" '
        BEGIN { in_section=0; exclusions="" }
        /^\[/{ in_section=0 }
        $0 ~ "\\["section"\\]" { in_section=1; next }
        in_section && !/^#/ && $1 {
            gsub(/^ +| +$/, "", $1)
            gsub(/^ +| +$/, "", $2)
            if ($1 == "exclude") {
                exclusions = exclusions "--exclude=" $2 " "
            } else {
                print $1 "=\"" $2 "\""
            }
        }
        END { print "exclusions=\"" exclusions "\"" }
    ' $CFG_FILE)"
}

# Function to mount the CIFS share
mount_cifs() {
    local mountPoint=$1
    local server=$2
    local share=$3
    local user=$4
    local password=$5

    mkdir -p "$mountPoint" 2> >(log_error)
    mount -t cifs -o username="$user",password="$password",vers=3.0 //"$server"/"$share" "$mountPoint" 2> >(log_error)
}

# Function to unmount the CIFS share
unmount_cifs() {
    local mountPoint=$1
    umount "$mountPoint" 2> >(log_error)
}

# Function to check if the CIFS share is mounted
is_mounted() {
    local mountPoint=$1
    mountpoint -q "$mountPoint"
}

# Function to handle backup and sync
handle_backup_sync() {
    local section=$1
    local sourceDir=$2
    local mountPoint=$3
    local subfolderName=$4
    local exclusions=$5
    local compress=$6
    local keep_days=$7
    local server=$8
    local share=$9

    if [ "$compress" -eq 1 ]; then
        # Create a timestamp for the backup filename
        timeStamp=$(date +%d-%m-%Y-%H.%M)
        mkdir -p "${mountPoint}/${subfolderName}"
        backupFile="${mountPoint}/${subfolderName}/${section}-${timeStamp}.tar.gz"
        #log "tar -czvf $backupFile -C $sourceDir $exclusions . 2> >(log_error)"
        log "Creating archive of ${sourceDir}"
        tar -czvf "$backupFile" -C "$sourceDir" $exclusions . 2> >(log_error)
        log "//${server}/${share}/${subfolderName}/${section}-${timeStamp}.tar.gz was successfuly created."
    else
        rsync_cmd=(rsync -av --inplace --delete $exclusions "$sourceDir/" "$mountPoint/${subfolderName}/")
        #log "${rsync_cmd[@]}"
        log "Creating a backup of ${sourceDir}"
        "${rsync_cmd[@]}" 2> >(log_error)
        log "Successful backup located in //${server}/${share}/${subfolderName}."
    fi

    # Delete compressed backups older than specified days
    find "$mountPoint/$subfolderName" -type f -name "${section}-*.tar.gz" -mtime +${keep_days} -exec rm {} \; 2> >(log_error)
}

# Check if the noscript is run as superuser
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
   log_error <<< "This

noscript must be run as root"
   exit 1
fi

# Main noscript functions
if [[ -n "$SECTION" ]]; then
    log "Running backup for section: $SECTION"
    (
        flock -n 200 || {
            log "Another noscript is already running. Exiting."
            exit 1
        }

        read_config "$SECTION"

        # Set default values for missing fields
        : ${server:=""}
        : ${share:=""}
        : ${user:=""}
        : ${password:=""}
        : ${source:=""}
        : ${compress:=0}
        : ${exclusions:=""}
        : ${keep:=3}
        : ${subfolderName:=$SECTION}  # Will implement in a future release
       
        MOUNT_POINT="/mnt/$SECTION"
       
        if [[ -z "$server" || -z "$share" || -z "$user" || -z "$password" || -z "$source" ]]; then
            log "Skipping section $SECTION due to missing required fields."
            exit 1
        fi

        log "Processing section: $SECTION"
        mount_cifs "$MOUNT_POINT" "$server" "$share" "$user" "$password"

        if is_mounted "$MOUNT_POINT"; then
            log "CIFS share is mounted for section: $SECTION"
            handle_backup_sync "$SECTION" "$source" "$MOUNT_POINT" "$subfolderName" "$exclusions" "$compress" "$keep" "$server" "$share"
            unmount_cifs "$MOUNT_POINT"
            log "Backup and sync finished for section: $SECTION"
        else
            log "Failed to mount CIFS share for section: $SECTION"
        fi
) 200>"$LOCK_FILE"
else
    log "No section specified. Exiting."
    exit 1
fi

This reads in from the config.ini file.

# Sample backups configuration

[Configs]
server=192.168.1.208
share=Backups
user=backup
password=password
source=/src/configs
compress=0
schedule=30 1-23/2 * * *
subfolderName=configs

[ZIP-Configs]
server=192.168.1.208
share=Backups
user=backup
password=password
source=/src/configs
subfolderName=zips
compress=1
keep=3
exclude=homeassistant
exclude=cifs
exclude=*.sock
schedule=0 0 * * *

The noscripts run in a docker container, and uses the other noscript to set up the environment, cron jobs, and check mount points on container startup.

#!/bin/bash
# entry.sh

CFG_FILE=/etc/config.ini
GREEN="\033[0;32m"
YELLOW="\033[1;33m"
NC="\033[0m"
error_file=$(mktemp)
WORK_DIR="/usr/local/bin"

# Function to log to Docker logs
log() {
    local TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    echo -e "${GREEN}${TIMESTAMP}${NC} - $@"
}

# Function to log errors to Docker logs with timestamp
log_error() {
    local TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    while read -r line; do
        echo -e "${YELLOW}${TIMESTAMP}${NC} - ERROR - $line" | tee -a /proc/1/fd/1
    done
}

# Function to syncronise the timezone
set_tz() {
    if [ -n "$TZ" ] && [ -f "/usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ" ]; then
        echo $TZ > /etc/timezone
        ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo$TZ /etc/localtime
        log "Setting timezone to ${TZ}"
    else
        log_error <<< "Invalid or unset TZ variable: $TZ"
    fi
}

# Function to read the configuration file
read_config() {
    local section=$1
    eval "$(awk -F "=" -v section="$section" '
        BEGIN { in_section=0; exclusions="" }
        /^\[/{ in_section=0 }
        $0 ~ "\\["section"\\]" { in_section=1; next }
        in_section && !/^#/ && $1 {
            gsub(/^ +| +$/, "", $1)
            gsub(/^ +| +$/, "", $2)
            if ($1 == "exclude") {
                exclusions = exclusions "--exclude=" $2 " "
            } else {
                if ($1 == "schedule") {
                    # Escape double quotes and backslashes
                    gsub(/"/, "\\\"", $2)
                }
               

print $1 "=\"" $2 "\""
            }
        }
        END { print "exclusions=\"" exclusions "\"" }
    ' $CFG_FILE)"
}

# Function to check the mountpoint
check_mount() {
    local mount_point=$1
    if ! mountpoint -q "$mount_point"; then
        log_error <<< "CIFS share is not mounted at $mount_point"
        exit 1
    fi
}

mount_cifs() {
    local mount_point=$1
    local user=$2
    local password=$3
    local server=$4
    local share=$5

    mkdir -p "$mount_point" 2> >(log_error)
    mount -t cifs -o username="$user",password="$password",vers=3.0 //"$server"/"$share" "$mount_point" 2> >(log_error)
}

# Create or clear the crontab file
sync_cron() {
    crontab -l > mycron 2> "$error_file"

    if [ -s "$error_file" ]; then
        log_error <<< "$(cat "$error_file")"
        rm "$error_file"
        : > mycron
    else
        rm "$error_file"
    fi

    # Loop through each section and add the cron job
    for section in $(awk -F '[][]' '/\[[^]]+\]/{print $2}' $CFG_FILE); do
        read_config "$section"
        if [[ -n "$schedule" ]]; then
            echo "$schedule /usr/local/bin/backup.sh $section" >> mycron
        fi
    done
}

# Set the working directory
cd "$WORK_DIR" || exit

# Set the timezone as defined by Environmental variable
set_tz

# Install the new crontab file
sync_cron
crontab mycron 2> >(log_error)
rm mycron 2> >(log_error)

# Ensure cron log file exists
touch /var/log/cron.log 2> >(log_error)

# Start cron
log "Starting cron service..."
cron 2> >(log_error) && log "Cron started successfully"

# Check if cron is running
if ! pgrep cron > /dev/null; then
  log "Cron is not running."
  exit 1
else
  log "Cron is running."
fi

# Check if the CIFS shares are mountable
log "Checking all shares are mountable"
for section in $(awk -F '[][]' '/\[[^]]+\]/{print $2}' $CFG_FILE); do
    read_config "$section"
    MOUNT_POINT="/mnt/$section"
    mount_cifs "$MOUNT_POINT" "$user" "$password" "$server" "$share"
    check_mount "$MOUNT_POINT"
    log "$section: //$server/$share succesfully mounted at $MOUNT_POINT... Unmounting"
    umount "$MOUNT_POINT" 2> >(log_error)
done
log "All shares mounted successfuly.  Starting cifs-backup"

# Print a message indicating we are about to tail the log
log "Tailing the cron log to keep the container running"
tail -f /var/log/cron.log
log "cifs-backup now running"


I'm sure there might be better ways of achieving the same thing. But the satisfaction that I get from knowing that I've done it myself, can't be beaten.

Let me know what you think, or anything that I could have done better.

https://redd.it/1ejcdz4
@r_bash

How I can center the output of this Bash command

#!/bin/bash
#Stole it from https://www.putorius.net/how-to-make-countdown-timer-in-bash.html
GREEN='\0330;32m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
RESET='\033[0m'
#------------------------
read -p "H:" hour
read -p "M:" min
read -p "S:" sec
#-----------------------
tput civis
#-----------------------
if [ -z "$hour" ; then
hour=0
fi
if -z "$min" ; then
min=0
fi
if -z "$sec" ; then
sec=0
fi
#----------------------
echo -ne "${GREEN}"
while $hour -ge 0 ; do
while $min -ge 0 ; do
while $sec -ge 0 ; do
if "$hour" -eq "0" && "$min" -eq "0" ; then
echo -ne "${YELLOW}"
fi
if "$hour" -eq "0" && "$min" -eq "0" && "$sec" -le "10" ; then
echo -ne "${RED}"
fi
echo -ne "$(printf "%02d" $hour):$(printf "%02d" $min):$(printf "%02d" $sec)\0330K\r"
let "sec=sec-1"
sleep 1
done
sec=59
let "min=min-1"
done
min=59
let "hour=hour-1"
done
echo -e "${RESET}"

[https://redd.it/1ejuy7c
@r_bash

Help creating custom fuzzy seach command noscript.

https://preview.redd.it/6g4rr1jdengd1.png?width=1293&format=png&auto=webp&s=2f0008099046d63222afb9f7a1330e7be5a18f57

I want to interactively query nix pkgs using the nix-search command provided by `nix-search-cli`

Not really experiaenced in cli tools any ideas to make this work ?

https://redd.it/1ejv53s
@r_bash

Parameter expansion inserts "./" into copied string

I'm trying to loop through the results of screen -ls to look for sessions relevant to what I'm doing and add them to an array. The problem is that I need to use parameter expansion to do it, since screen sessions have an indeterminate-length number in front of them, and that adds ./ to the result. Here's the code I have so far:

SERVERS=()
for word in screen -list ;
do

if [ $word == *".servers_minecraft_"* && $word != *".servers_minecraft_playit" ] ;
then

SERVERS+=${word#".servers_minecraft_"}

fi

done

echo ${SERVER[]}

where echo ${SERVER[*]} outputs ./MyTargetString instead of MyTargetString. I already tried using parameter expansion to chop off ./, but of course that just reinserts it anyway.

https://redd.it/1ekc3rf
@r_bash

curl: (3) URL using bad/illegal format or missing URL error using two parameters

Hello,

I am getting the error above when trying to use the curl command -b -j with the cookies. When just typing in -b or -c then it works perfectly, however, not when applying both parameters. Do you happen to know why?

https://redd.it/1ekv0am
@r_bash

remote execute screen command doesn't work from noscript, but works manually

I'm working on the thing I got set up with help in [this thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/bash/comments/1egamw2/comment/lfwxi38/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button). I've now got a new Terminal window with each of my screens in a different tab!

The problem is that now, when I try to do my remote execution outside the first loop, it doesn't work. I thought maybe it had to do with being part of a different command, but pasting that `echo hello` command into Terminal and replacing the variable name manually works fine.

gnome-terminal -- /bin/bash -c '

gnome-terminal --noscript="playit.gg" --tab -- screen -r servers_minecraft_playit
for SERVER in "$@" ; do

gnome-terminal --noscript="$SERVER" --tab -- screen -r servers_minecraft_$SERVER

done
' _ "${SERVERS[@]}"

for SERVER in "${SERVERS[@]}"
do

echo servers_minecraft_$SERVER
screen -S servers_minecraft_$SERVER -p 0 -X stuff "echo hello\n"

done;;

Is there anything I can do to fix it? The output of `echo servers_minecraft_$SERVER` matches the name of the screen session, so I don't think it could be a substitution issue.

https://redd.it/1el57w2
@r_bash

Pulling Variables from a Json File

I'm looking for a snippet of noscript that will let me pull variables from a json file and pass it into the bash noscript. I mostly use powershell so this is a bit like writing left handed for me so far, same concept with a different execution

https://redd.it/1eljlfv
@r_bash

Better autocomplete (like fish)

If I use the fish shell, I get a nice autocomplete. For example git switch TABTAB looks like this:

❯ git switch tg/avoid-warning-event-that-getting-cloud-init-output-failed 
tg/installimage-async                                                                               (Local Branch)
main                                                                                                (Local Branch)
tg/disable-bm-e2e-1716772                                                                           (Local Branch)
tg/rename-e2e-cluster-to-e2e                                                                        (Local Branch)
tg/avoid-warning-event-that-getting-cloud-init-output-failed                                        (Local Branch)
tg/fix-lychee-show-unknown-http-status-codes                                                        (Local Branch)
tg/fix-bm-e2e-1716772                                                                               (Local Branch)
tg/fix-lychee                                                                                       (Local Branch)

Somehow it is sorted in a really usable way. The latest branches are at the top.

With Bash I get only a long list which looks like sorted by alphabet. This is hard to read if there are many branches.

Is there a way to get such a nice autocomplete in Bash?



https://redd.it/1eljld2
@r_bash

Anyone know a good way to get overall system CPU usage from the commandline?

Ideally something like

cat /proc/loadavg

but that shows 1 second, 5 seconds and 15 seconds (instead of 1, 5 and 15 minutes).

Its going to be used in a noscript, not for interactive use, so things like top wont work. Id prefer it be pure bash, but that may not be possible...im not sure.

So far the closest I know of is ps [-A] -o %cpu. Anyone know of a better way?

https://redd.it/1elp6qg
@r_bash

Write noscript to check existing users and prints only user with home directories




is this correct and how would i know if user with home directories



#!/bin/bash

IFS=$'\n'
for user in $(cat /etc/passwd); do
    if $(echo "$user" | cut -d':' -f6 | cut -d'/' -f2) = "home" ; then
        echo "$user" | cut -d':' -f1
    fi
done
IFS=$' \t\n'

https://redd.it/1em2pl1
@r_bash

Correct way to use a function with this "write to error log" command?

Bash newbie so kindly bear with me!

Let us say I want to print output to an error log file and the console. I assume I have 2 options

Option 1: Include error logging inside the function

copy_to_s3() {
    local INPUT_FILE_NAME=$1
    local BUCKET_NAME=$2
    if aws s3 cp "${INPUT_FILE_NAME}" "s3://${BUCKET_NAME}" >error.log 2>&1; then
        echo "Successfully copied the input file ${INPUT_FILE} to s3://${BUCKET_NAME}"
    else
        error=$(cat "error.log")
        # EMAIL this error to the admin
        echo "Something went wrong when copying the input file ${INPUT_FILE} to s3://${BUCKET_NAME}"
        exit 1
    fi

    rm -rf "${INPUT_FILE_NAME}"
}

copy_to_s3 "test.tar.gz" "test-s3-bucket"

Option 2: Include error logging when calling the function

copy_to_s3() {
    local INPUT_FILE_NAME=$1
    local BUCKET_NAME=$2
    if aws s3 cp "${INPUT_FILE_NAME}" "s3://${BUCKET_NAME}"; then
        echo "Successfully copied the input file ${INPUT_FILE} to s3://${BUCKET_NAME}"
    else
        echo "Something went wrong when copying the input file ${INPUT_FILE} to s3://${BUCKET_NAME}"
        exit 1
    fi

    rm -rf "${INPUT_FILE_NAME}"
}

copy_to_s3 "test.tar.gz" "test-s3-bucket" >error.log 2>&1

2 questions
- Which of these methods is recommended?
- If I put this file inside a crontab like this, will it still log errors?

Crontab

crontab -u ec2-user - <<EOF
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/home/ec2-user/.local/bin:/home/ec2-user/bin
0 0,4,8,12,16,20 * * * /home/ec2-user/test.sh
EOF

https://redd.it/1em67xm
@r_bash

Need help, will award anyone that solves this

I will send (PP pref) $10 to anyone that can provide me with a noscript that converts a free format text file to an excel comma delimited file.

Each record in the file has the following characteristics: Earch record starts with "Kundnr" (customer number). Could be blank. I need the complete line including the leading company name as the first column of the new file.

Next field is the "Vårt Arb.nummer: XXXXX" which is the internal order number.

Third field is the date (YYYYMMDD) in the line "är utprintad: (date printed)"

End of each record is the text "inkl. moms" (including tax)

So to recapitulate, each line should contain

CUSTOMER NAME/NUMBER,ORDERNO,DATE

Is anyone up to the challenge? :). I can provide a sample file with 60'ish record if needed. The actual file contains 27000 records.



HÖGANÄS SWEDEN AB                                 Kundnr: 1701      
263 83  HÖGANÄS                        Kopia          
Märke: 1003558217                       Best.ref.: Li Löfgren Fridh       
AO 0006808556                    Lev.vecka: 2415                   
Vårt Arb.nummer:  29000           

Vit ArbetsOrder är utprintad. 20240411                            Datum  Sign  Tid Kod
1 pcs Foldable fence BU29 ritn 10185510                         240311 JR   4.75 1
240312 JR   5.00 1
240319 LL   2.25
240320 NR   4.50 1
240411 MM %-988.00 1
240411 NR   2.50 1
240411 NR   0.50 11
240411 FO   6.00 1
240411 FO   0.50 1
OBS!!! Timmar skall ej debiteras.
203.25 timmar a' 670.00 kr. Kod: 1  
Ö-tillägg   0.50 timmar a' 221.00 kr. Kod: 11  

Arbetat   203.25 timmar till en summa av136,288.00:-   Lovad lev.: 8/4   
   
Övertid      Fakturabel.        Fakturadat.  Fakturanr.  
   
110.50    187,078.50                              

   
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https://redd.it/1emd34o
@r_bash

bash declare builtin behaving odd

Can someone explain this behaviour (run from this shell: env -i bash --norc)

~$ A=1 declare -px
declare -x OLDPWD
declare -x PWD="/home/me"
declare -x SHLVL="1"

versus

~$ A=1 declare -p A
declare -x A="1"

Tested in bash version 5.2.26.
I thought I could always trust declare, but now I'm not so sure anymore. Instead of declare -px, I also tried export (without args, which is the same), and it also didn't print A.


https://redd.it/1emeo6f
@r_bash

Bash escape string query

I am trying to run a noscript. Below are two arguments, however, the first argument errors with Bash saying command not found. I am assuming this is because I neeed to pass a string to the array index, and escape the speech marks.

module.aa"\"BAC\"".aws


Because there are " " in this command, I am wondering if this will make Bash say the command is not found and thus how to escape the argument?

https://redd.it/1emibh6
@r_bash

Pulling variable from json

#Pull .json info into noscript and set the variable

Token= ($jq -r '.[] | .Token' SenToken.json)

echo $Token

My goal is to pull the token from a json file but my mac vm is going crazy so I can't really test it. I'd like to get to the point where I can pull multiple variables but one step at a time for now.

The Json is simple and only has the one data point "Token": "123"

Thank you guys for the help on my last post btw, it was really helpful for making heads and tails of bash

https://redd.it/1emnbha
@r_bash

Complete noob needing help with sh noscript

Hey everyone - I am trying to get better with Bash and literally started a "for dummies" guide here but for some reason no matter what my .sh noscript will not execute when running ./

all I get is a "zsh: no such file or directory". If I "ls" it I can see all the folders and files including my sh noscript and if I "bash mynoscript.sh" it runs normally...any ideas? I did chmod +x it as well

Any ideas? Apologies if my denoscription is confusing

https://redd.it/1emwv9x
@r_bash

Bash Question

Hii!

On [this thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/bash/comments/1ej6sg6/question_about_bash_function/), one of the questions I asked was whether it was better or more optimal to perform certain tasks with shell builtins instead of external binaries, and the truth is that I have been presented with this example and I wanted to know your opinion and advice.

already told me the following:

>Rule of thumb is, to use `grep`, `awk`, `sed` and such when you're filtering files or a stream of lines, because they will be much faster than bash. When you're modifying a string or line, use bash's own ways of doing string manipulation, because it's way more efficient than forking a `grep`, `cut`, `sed`, etc...

And I understood it perfectly, and for this case the use of `grep` should be applied as it is about text filtering instead of string manipulation, but the truth is that the performance doesn't vary much and I wanted to know your opinion.

Func1 ➡️

foo()
{
local _port=

while read -r _line
do
[[ $_line =~ ^#?\s*"Port "([0-9]{1,5})$ ]] && _port=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}

done < /etc/ssh/sshd_config

printf "%s\n" "$_port"
}

Func2 ➡️

bar()
{
local _port=$(

grep --ignore-case \
--perl-regexp \
--only-matching \
'^#?\s*Port \K\d{1,5}$' \
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
)

printf "%s\n" "$_port"
}

When I benchmark both ➡️

$ export -f -- foo bar

$ hyperfine --shell bash foo bar --warmup 3 --min-runs 5000 -i

Benchmark 1: foo
Time (mean ± σ): 0.8 ms ± 0.2 ms [User: 0.9 ms, System: 0.1 ms]
Range (min … max): 0.6 ms … 5.3 ms 5000 runs

Benchmark 2: bar
Time (mean ± σ): 0.4 ms ± 0.1 ms [User: 0.3 ms, System: 0.0 ms]
Range (min … max): 0.3 ms … 4.4 ms 5000 runs

Summary
'bar' ran
1.43 ± 0.76 times faster than 'foo'

The thing is that it doesn't seem to be much faster in this case either, I understand that for search and replace tasks it is much more convenient to use sed or awk instead of bash functionality, isn't it?

Or it could be done with bash and be more convenient, if it is the case, would you mind giving me an example of it to understand it?

Thanks in advance!!

https://redd.it/1en8490
@r_bash