xargs for functions

I love the power of `xargs`. But it doesn't work with Bash functions. Here is `fargs`, which works with functions.

# Usage: source ~/bin/lib.sh
# This is a libary to be sourced by noscripts, such as ~/.bashrc:

# fargs - xargs for functions
# No space in xargs options. Bad: -n 2. Good: -n2 or --max-args=2
# All bash functions and local env vars will be accessible.
# otherwise, works just like xargs.
fargs() {
# Find the index of the first non-option argument, which should be the command
local cmd_start_index=1
for arg in "$@"; do
if [[ "$arg" != -* ]]; then
break
fi
((cmd_start_index++))
done

# Extract xargs options and the command
local opts=("${@:1:$((cmd_start_index - 1))}")
local cmd=("${@:$cmd_start_index}")
if [[ ${#cmd[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then cmd=("echo"); fi

# xargs builds command strings by passing stdin items as arguments to `echo`.
# The resulting strings (e.g., "my_func arg1") are then executed by `eval`.
# This allows xargs to call shell functions, which are not exported to subshells.
eval "$(xargs "${opts[@]}" bash -c 'printf "%q " "$@"; echo' -- "${cmd[@]}")"
}

https://redd.it/1nqij6u
@r_bash

Expect driving me crazy! Timeout or Loop or Nada

I try to read the firmware version of a device from a spawned ssh connection. So far so good. I have a block that basically puts "We are in" just as a debug print to see, wether the login works. Next block:

# Detecting firmware version
set deviceInfoRequested "no"
send "\r"
expect {
-re "#" {
if {"\$deviceInfoRequested" eq "no"} {
set deviceInfoRequested "yes"
send "show device\r"
after 500
expcontinue
}
}
-re {Firmware Version: ([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)} {
set major \$expectout(1,string)
set minor \$expectout(2,string)
puts "Detected Firmware version: \$major.\$minor"

# Compare numerically
if { (\$major > 4) || (\$major == 4 && \$minor > 2) } {
puts ">>> using newer Syntax for gateway"
set raritanVersion "new"
} else {
set raritanVersion "classic"
puts ">>> using old Syntax for gateway"
}
flush stdout
}
timeout {
puts "Timeout waiting for firmware version"
set raritanVersion "unknown"
exit 1
}
} # Detecting firmware version
set deviceInfoRequested "no"
send "\r"
expect {
-re "#" {
if {"\$deviceInfoRequested" eq "no"} {
set deviceInfoRequested "yes"
send "show device\r"
after 500
expcontinue
}
}
-re {Firmware Version: (0-9+)\.(0-9+)} {
set major \$expectout(1,string)
set minor \$expectout(2,string)
puts "Detected Firmware version: \$major.\$minor"

# Compare numerically
if { (\$major > 4) || (\$major == 4 && \$minor > 2) } {
puts ">>> using newer Syntax for gateway"
set raritanVersion "new"
} else {
set raritanVersion "classic"
puts ">>> using old Syntax for gateway"
}
flush stdout
}
timeout {
puts "Timeout waiting for firmware version"
set raritanVersion "unknown"
exit 1
}
}

Without the if deviceInfoRequested it loops forever as each new prompt starts with # logically. If I put the # at the end after the Firmware Version detection block (which has no line exp_continue), it first sends show device, than successfully prints "Detected Firmware version: 4.4" and than waits for 5 seconds before the noscript exits... Why, if exp_continue is not used, does it not escape the expect {} block? Of course there are further blocks that follow... But it just times out. I tried send "show device\r" before the expect block, but than it just does not detect it. Also strange: My first expect block waits for either "Welcome" or "#" to detect: Yes I am logged in. This is where it puts "We are in". If I write something like:

first expect block > Prints "We are in" directly (before printing the rest that SSH still receives)
puts "HI"
after 5000
next expect block

The ovserved behavior is not what you might expect: After "We are in" NOTHING is printed for 5 seconds straight. Only than the rest of the login prompt is even printed an donly than we see the HI. Is it just me or is expect a horrible mess? How Shall I implement the logic to detect the firmware here? Direct SSH commands I would prefer, but the device does not support it. I need to rely on expect. I have written a screen handler that does the same that expect does... But it is sooo complicated and hard to debug that I wanted to try something simpler and yet lightweight.

By the way: The "flush stdout" was just a test to see if it makes a difference in behavior/order. Nada. Not at all.

Please tell me you understand what is going on here and why it either just times out, or loops forever or sleeps before printing to stdout although I defined it the other way around. I am not sure what is going on

actually...

Thanks for help.

https://redd.it/1nr23r1
@r_bash

From naïve to robust: evolving a cron noscript step by step

A “simple” cron noscript can bite you.

I took the classic example running a nightly DB procedure and showed how a naïve one-liner grows into a robust noscript: logging with exec, cleanup with trap, set -euo pipefail, lockfiles, and alerts.

If you’ve ever wondered why your noscript behaves differently under cron, or just want to see the step-by-step hardening, here’s the write-up.

https://medium.com/@subodh.shetty87/the-developers-guide-to-robust-cron-job-noscripts-5286ae1824a5?sk=c99a48abe659a9ea0ce1443b54a5e79a

Feedbacks are welcome. Is there anything I am missing that could make it more robust ??

https://redd.it/1ns4uba
@r_bash

Why use chmod?

Is there a reason to use chmod +x noscript; ./noscript instead of simply running bash noscript?

https://redd.it/1nsn976
@r_bash

Can I get some reviews or opinions on this noscript that I made?

So, I recently made a noscript for me to blink the scroll key like a heartbeat whenever I received a notification from example: Whatsapp or Discord, could I get some honest opinions about it? I decided there would be no better place to share this than good ol' Reddit. Here's the link to the Github repo:

https://github.com/Squary5928/notifled

(Btw, I'm kind of in a haste because I have to install Windows XP and fix a plugin on my minecraft server, hence the short denoscription)

https://redd.it/1nsprj5
@r_bash

Wrote a utility that makes working with symlinks a little easier.

I know there are many out there that does this. Here is my version. Any feedback on improvements feature/code wise would be helpful.


Thanks.

https://github.com/ctrl-alt-adrian/symlinkit


https://redd.it/1nt1qd6
@r_bash

Black magic quoting issue

Usually I can muddle through these on my own, but this one has really got me stumped. How can I get a window noscript into mpv's command line if it has spaces in it?

I can't find a way to do it where the noscript doesn't just wind up being whatever comes before the first space (no matter how many single quotes or backslashes I use, etc.); the best I've got so far is to replace the spaces with something _isn't_ a space, but _looks like_ one (the "En Quad" character) but I'd rather do it "the right way" (not to mention, to figure out _how_ to do it in case I run into something like this in the future where sed isn't an option).

This is the noscript I've been using to test...Reddit's editor inserted a bunch of backslashes and extra whitespace when I pasted it in, which I tried to revert.

I realize the way I'm building up the command line (at the end, with the $command_line variable) looks silly when it's reduced to its core for testing, but there's _a lot_ more logic in the real noscript and building the command line this way is integral to the overall process, so it's not something I'm willing to change.

```sh
#!/bin/bash

set -x

## En Quad / U+2000 / &#8192
#special_space=$'\u2000' ## En Quad (8-bit clean but requires BASH)
special_space=" " ## En Quad (the literal character)

case ${1} in
underscores)
window_noscript="Underscores:_Title_with_no_spaces."
;;
backslashes)
window_noscript="Backslashes:\ Title\ with\ backslashed\ spaces."
;;
spaces)
window_noscript="Spaces: Title with spaces."
;;
special)
raw_noscript="Special: Title with special spaces."
window_noscript=$(echo "${raw_noscript}" | sed -e "s/ /${special_space}/g")
;;
'')
${0} underscores &
${0} backslashes &
${0} spaces &
${0} special &
exit 0
;;
esac

##
## From here down is the "real" part of the noscript
##

command_line="mpv"
command_line="${command_line} --idle"
command_line="${command_line} --force-window"

## This is what I would have expected to need, but it
## doesn't work either
#command_line="${command_line} --noscript=\"${window_noscript}\""
command_line="${command_line} --noscript=${window_noscript}"

${command_line}

## EOF
########
```

https://redd.it/1nty619
@r_bash

I have a copy of this book, is it worth studying this end to end?
https://redd.it/1nux1tf
@r_bash

quiet: a little bash function to despam your command line sessions
https://github.com/rec/dotfiles/blob/master/bash/quiet.sh

https://redd.it/1nv6der
@r_bash

bash noscript that can detect all individual keystrokes?

I'm talking all individual keystrokes. Obviously, if you can open a pipe in a raw form, then stroking a glyph key will generate byte of data into the pipe. But what about the arrow keys? In the Linux console/GNOME Terminal, they generate ANSI escape codes, which, again, in raw read mode should be immediately available. But then, there are the modifier keys.

Is there any way that a bash noscript can reopen the terminal such that even stroking Alt, or Ctrl, or Shift individually can be detected?

https://redd.it/1nw4j9j
@r_bash

Space in file (Space in this filename bandit lvl2 .)
https://redd.it/1nwtofq
@r_bash

Read systemd env file

I have a systemd environment file like:

foo=bar

I want to read this into exported Bash variables.

However, the right-hand side can contain special characters like $, ", or ', and these should be used literally (just as systemd reads them).

How to do that?



https://redd.it/1nx63dy
@r_bash

NLP using Bash jq & Nix

Is this too Nix for you guys or agree it's dope?

https://quackhack-mcblindy.github.io/blog/

https://redd.it/1nxlssd
@r_bash

How to learn bash noscripts?

I have been really wanting to learn bash noscripts but I’m just not sure where to start. I already know the basics like variables, if, functions. Also this is an example noscript that I want to learn to be able to make it’s just noscript that fzf searches my tmuxifier layouts a remove the one I pick.

https://redd.it/1nxxlce
@r_bash

Desperately need a tutor/HOWTO create automated bash-completion test (for scientific research project)

Hi,

I've created some 700 iterations of a bash-completions noscript for a scientific research project. To date, I've been manually testing, but this is taking FOREVER and is brittle.

I just can't seem to figure out either simulate a TAB keypress in the CLI via Bash nor how people do automated testing for bash-completions, or if it's even possible.

Please, I've been struggling for days and am blocked.

Your assistance can be directly cited in the research project if you want.

https://redd.it/1nydoa8
@r_bash

how to process text with quotes and backslashes

I wrote a noscript to turn a .csv file into a list of Powershell commands to add user accounts to a PC.
Let me say right up front that I know very little about the Windows command line.
And also that my noscripting skills are self-taught so please be merciful.

_______________________

Here's the (anonymized) noscript:

#!/bin/sh

## run this noscript with the input file as argument
## requires csvkit

csvcut=/opt/homebrew/bin/csvcut ;
tmpfile=/tmp/laserUsers.txt ;
myDate=$(date '+%Y.%m.%d%k.%M.%S') ;
outputfile=$HOME/Documents/laser-users-add-batch-"$myDate".txt ;

backslash='\' ;
quote='"' ;

: > $tmpfile ;

## extract emails from downloaded .csv file, delete domain name & convert to lowercase
$csvcut -c "Email Address" "$1" | tail -n+2 | sed 's/@soul.com//g' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' >> $tmpfile ;

## build userlist
while read thisuser ; do
echo "net.exe localgroup "$quote""lasercutterlogin""$quote" "$quote""MS"\\"$thisuser""$quote" /add" >> $outputfile ;

done < $tmpfile ;

\______________________

And here's a sample input .csv file:

Badge Identity,Email Address
George Clinton,gclinton@soul.com
Ndea Davenport,ndavenport@soul.com
Aretha Franklin,afranklin@soul.com
Bootsy Collins,bcollins@soul.com
Ray Charles,rcharles@soul.com
Tina Turner,tturner@soul.com

_______________________

When I run it, output file looks like:

net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MS\gclinton" /add
net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MS
davenport" /add
net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MS<0x07>franklin" /add
net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MS <0x08>collins" /add
net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MS
charles" /add
net.exe localgroup "lasercutterlogin" "MSturner" /add

The first line (gclinton) is processed correctly. That's what they should all look like.

The rest of the lines are malformed because (for example) "backslash - rcharles" is rendered as "newline charles".

I get why this is happening but haven't figured out how to fix it! There must be a better way to write line 17, ideally without creating variables called "backslash" and "quote".

Humbly awaiting any quidance .... thanks!

https://redd.it/1nzroy2
@r_bash

Script Evaluation

I wrote a shell noscript for Fedora optimization after a fresh install. Please can someone go over it and tell me where I can improve on it.

The noscript: https://github.com/somniasum/crimsonhat/blob/main/crimsonhat.sh
Thank you in advance.

https://redd.it/1o0b8yb
@r_bash

An agentic terminal notepad running bash that's integral to your docs
https://visr.sh/

https://redd.it/1o0ketk
@r_bash

rofi, mpc music noscripts with "&" always play #1 in position

my noscript is a bit of a mess, as i was trying different ways to do it, but couldn't wrap my head around it.

the problem was without $escaped\_list, rofi wouldn't display any music containing "&". now it displays them, BUT whenever I select one with that character, it always plays the song with #1 in %position%. for other songs it works perfectly, though

#!/usr/bin/zsh

current=$(mpc current)

songs=$(mpc playlist --format "%position% - %artist% - %noscript%")

positionless_list=$(echo "$songs" | sed 's/^[0-9]* - //')

escaped_list=$(echo "$positionless_list" | sed -e 's/&/\&amp;/g' -e 's/</\&lt;/g' -e 's/>/\&gt;/g' -e 's/"/\&quot;/g' -e "s/'/\&apos;/g")

shuffled=$(echo "$escaped_list" | shuf)

selection=$(echo "$shuffled" | rofi -dmenu -i -p "$current" -markup-rows)

if [ -n "$selection" ]; then

original_line=$(echo "$positionless_list" | grep -F "$selection" | head -n1)

pos=$(echo "$songs" | grep -F "$original_line" | head -n1 | awk '{print $1}')

mpc play "$pos"

fi

https://redd.it/1o0jby1
@r_bash

Bandit Level 6 → Level 7 plz help bro .. . .. . . .. . .
https://redd.it/1o0jj9f
@r_bash