grep - By JuliaEvans
https://redd.it/co6fq8
@r_linux

Intel Invests $6.5M in Enterprise Linux Security Startup Capsule8
https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/startups/intel-invests-65m-enterprise-linux-security-startup-capsule8

https://redd.it/co6fxw
@r_linux

Spack is a package manager for supercomputers, Linux, & macOS. It makes installing scientific software easy.
https://spack.io/

https://redd.it/co7quh
@r_linux

As a result of Manjaro partnership SoftMaker adds save to DOC, XLS, PPT, ODT feature to FreeOffice
https://twitter.com/softmaker_com/status/1157672676615499776

https://redd.it/co0xg7
@r_linux

Since Linux Journal is closing down I made a FTP server with the entirety of the site downloaded for archiving sake.

Hey everyone! With the news the Linux Journal is closing and the site going away soon I downloaded the entire website and put it onto a FTP server so we still have access to it and won’t lose a ton of cool Linux history or info.

Videos and podcasts still work since they were not hosted on the site. Also it’s not sorted or anything but I’m working on that in my spare time and will have a table of contents-esque thing in place to help navigate through it. However, if you connect to it through mobile, tried this on Safari mind you, and open an HTML file it’ll act as if you’re on the site and let you interact with it as if it is one. If there’s any issues let me know! Here’s an easy link to it: [Linux Journal Archive](ftp://safetypanda.net) if that goofs up try ftp://45.79.14.179 Enjoy!

https://redd.it/co9kks
@r_linux

KDE Plasma used in Gemini Man (Will Smith film)
https://youtu.be/k5y4kxhZIBA?t=166

https://redd.it/coajrf
@r_linux

Beginner wanting to learn linux

I would love to learn the essentials of linux as I start to learn Python and development in general. I have a few questions and would love some advice.

Any recommendations on tutorials?

Are there projects that can be done to learn everything you need?

I plan on wiping my computer of windows and installing linux (Ubuntu) just so I can use command line as much as possible, but still use GUI from time to time.

https://redd.it/cob05m
@r_linux

What does /r/linux think of new PolyForm licenses?
https://polyformproject.org/2019/07/09/version-1/

https://redd.it/coazye
@r_linux

This professional bass player in one of Davie504's recent videos uses Linux and GNOME.
https://youtu.be/U6Og9wtO9jE?t=644

https://redd.it/coa8ft
@r_linux

What is the best software for Ubuntu to check monthly data usage?



https://redd.it/co6yf1
@r_linux

Linux cnc

Hello everyone. I have some doubts about linux and cnc. I’m currently using a windows pc with mach3 but im a long term linux user and i don’t really like windows (only using it on my cnc machine and for gaming). Even tho I use linux on a daily basis I have no idea about linux and cnc. I know about linux cnc (the foss) and astroprint, etc, but i dont really know how it all behaves.

I want to know if there’s any linux based OS specifically for cnc and if it’s actually good. I also want to know if there’s a better alternative to linux CNC that works like mach3.

Also my machine uses a parallel port for communication. Just in case this info helps with anything. I’ll do my own investigation as well of course but I just wanted to ask you guys if you know more about it and your opinions on these kind of things.

Thank you all in advance.

https://redd.it/co4knu
@r_linux

Okay so, I was thinking of switching over to linux for my next computer and I would like some advice from people who know Linux inside and out

Little backstory, about 3 years ago I got my first true taste of Linux, it was on some type of Macbook (the older plastic ones) and it actually ran almost as fast as my computer some how (at least when it came to watching Youtube) and ever sense then I've wanted to try Linux again, now lets get into the questions.

What is the best version of Linux for software (I've heard good things about Ubuntu)

What's the best program for windows compatibility?

What are some reasons that I should upgrade (like, how much better is Linux from windows?)

And one last question, what are some downsides from Linux to windows?

(I didn't know what the proper flair would be for a question so I labeled it as hardware)

https://redd.it/coe6ib
@r_linux

A dream of many: a pure Linux phone
https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/cn9k2r/a_dream_of_many_a_pure_linux_phone/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x

https://redd.it/co41ib
@r_linux

Something very odd and funny I found while reading an amazon book review.

>9) Huawei, which in 2016 was responsible for the creation of 17% of the standard distribution of the Linux operating system kernel, has taken over much of the 5G wireless networking systems; Huawei, is well known by Chinese in China, to be a part of the Chinese military, no matter what the public image is to the outer world, non-中国 world. Given those facts, it is possible the Chinese military already has control over most of the computers and phones utilizing Linux and Android operating systems. (Perhaps that is why Google is working with the Chinese military? Most of Google's computers are based on Linux, as well as all Android phones)

https://www.amazon.com/End-Era-Authoritarian-Revival-Undermining/dp/0190672080

https://redd.it/co6xgj
@r_linux

Your Best Linux Desktop Environment?

[Poll] Lets have a opinion of our beloved linux users. Which desktop environment you like and why ?

https://redd.it/co77ao
@r_linux

Video call software with screen sharing support

What do you recommend? I have the following requirements:

1. low usage of system resources
2. must work good on DSL (<20 Mbps down, <2 Mbps up)
3. not an enterprise solution, must be usable by two people
4. free of charge
5. self hosting would be nice, but this isn't a requirement

Tried Skype, Discord, Viber. Skype and Discord don't satisfy requirements #1 and #2, Viber constantly drops connection.

https://redd.it/cog5ge
@r_linux

Face it, Arch is easy to install

This is not sarcastic at all, if you can read the wiki, you can install Arch. Gentoo is more complicated than Arch.

I mean Gentoo isn't difficult as well, read the wiki, follow the steps and you installed it! But yet with Gentoo, there are many steps you have to customize to fit your PC / Hardware. If you want to have some difficulty, build your own Gentoo or any other distro with LFS (Linux from Scratch). Also, stop being so fucking close-minded. Look at Void Linux, it's fucking amazing! and XBPS is crazy fast. Slackware is still extremely stable yet *somewhat* outdated ( a worthy trade-off for some). Don't be close-minded when it comes to distros. Of course, someone will love Gentoo for customization and doesn't care for compile times, but some will hate Gentoo cause of compiling time and doesn't care about customization. Give other Distros a try!

&#x200B;

Also, I had no idea which flair to put. Nothing seems to fit my post.

https://redd.it/co7tx2
@r_linux

Samhain : inotify + GrowingLogFiles

Hello,

I would like to integrate Samhain on my OS (Debian stretch) but I have some troubles doing so.

My setup:
I've configured Samhain with Inotify option so that the kernel triggers Samhain directly when a file/dir is modified. Everything works fine.

Then, I would like to handle logs rotation by using GrowingLogFiles option in samhainrc. Without Inotify option, Samhain does not trigger alerts when logrotate does its jobs even after a full scan (thats the normal behaviour). However, using both of these options (inotify and GrowingLogFiles), when logrotate rotates the log file, Samhain notifies that the log file has been removed (Policy Missing) and then has been created (Policy Added) => false positive

My questions: By design, is it possible to make those two options work together ? If so, how can I change my configuration in order not to get those alerts ?

Best regards,

https://redd.it/cohdog
@r_linux

PSA: Router is pronounced Root-er, not Raut-er

Routing is a disorderly retreat, whereas Router comes from the word Route, "to direct along a specified course".

https://redd.it/coh6oz
@r_linux

A complete guide of and debunking of audio on Linux, ALSA and Pulse

Hey fellow penguins,

A few days ago, an user asked about audio quality on Linux, and whether it is worse or better than audio on Windows. The thread became a mess quickly, full of misconceptions and urban myths about Linux. I figured it would be worthwhile to create a complete guide to Linux audio, as well as dispelling some myths and misconceptions.

To all be on the same page, this is going to be thorough, slowly introducing more concepts.

What is sound? How and what can I hear?
---------------------------------------

You might remember from high school that sound is waves traveling through the air. Vibrations of any kind cause molecules in the air to move. When that wave form finds your ears, it causes little hairs in your ear to move. Different hairs are susceptible to different frequencies, and the signals sent by these hairs are turned into sound you hear by your brain.

In reality it is a little more complicated, but for the sake of this post, that's all you need to know.

The pitch of sound comes from its frequency, the 'shorter' the waves are in a waveform, the higher the sound. The volume of sound comes from how 'tall' the waves are. Human hearing sits in a range between 20Hz and 20,000 Hz, though it deviates per person. Being the egocentric species we are, waves below 20 Hz are called 'infrasound' and waves above 20kHz are called 'ultrasound.' Almost no humans can hear beyond ultrasound, you will find that your hearing probably cuts off at 16kHz.

To play around with this, check out this [tone generator](https://www.szynalski.com/tone-generator), you can prove anything above with this yourself. As a fun fact: human hearing is actually really bad, we've among the most limited frequency ranges. A cat can hear up to 40kHz, and dolphins can even hear up to 160kHz!!

How does my computer generate sound?
------------------------------------

To listen to sound, you will probably be using headphones or speakers, inside of them are cones that are driven by an electromagnet, causing them to vibrate at very precise frequencies. This is essentially how sound works, though modern headphones certainly can be pretty complex.

To drive that magnet, an audio source will send an analog signal (a waveform) over a wire to the driver, causing it to move at the frequency of that waveform. This is in essence how audio playback works; and we're not going to get into it much deeper than this.

Computers are digital - which is to say, they don't do analog; processors understand ON and OFF, they do not understand 38.689138% OFF and 78.21156% ON. When converting an analog signal (like sound) to a digital one, we make use of a format called PCM. For PCM to be turned into an analog signal, you need a DAC - or as you probably know it: a sound card. DAC stands for 'Digital to Analog Converter', or some people mistakenly call it "Digital Audio Converter/Chip"

PCM stands for **P**ulse-**c**ode **M**odulation, which is a way to represent sampled analog signals in a digital format. We're not going to get into it too much here, but imagine taking a sample of a waveform at regular intervals and storing the value, and then rounding that value to a nearest 'step' (remember this). That's PCM.

The fidelity of PCM comes from two elements, which we are going to discuss next: **sampling rate** and **bit depth.**

What is sampling rate? Or: HOW SOUND GOOD?
------------------------------------------

Sampling rate is the most important part of making PCM sound good. Remember how humans hear in a range of 20Hz to 20kHz? The sample rate of audio has a lot to do with this. You cannot capture high frequencies if you do not capture samples often enough. Since our ears can hear up to 20 kHz, you would imagine that 20kHz would be ideal for capturing audio; however, a result of sampling is that you actually need twice the sample rate, this is called the (Nyquist-Sannon sampling theorem)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist%E2%80%93Shannon_sampling_theorem], which is a complicated thing. J

ust understand that to reproduce a 20kHz frequency, you need a sample rate of 40kHz.

To have a little bit of room and leeway, we settled on a sample rate of 48kHz (a multiple of 8) for playback, and 96kHz for recording. We record at this frequency only to make sure absolutely no data is lost. You might be more familiar with 44.1kHz for audio, which is a standard we settled on for CD playback and NTSC. A lot of scientific research has been done on sound quality, and there is no evidence to suggest people can tell the difference between 48kHz or anything higher.

**MYTH BUST:** Humans cannot hear beyond 20 kHz, period. Anyone who claims to be able to is either supernatural or lying to you - I'll let you choose which.

What is bit-depth? Or: HOW IT MAKE SOUND REALLY NICE?
-----------------------------------------------------

Remember how I told you to remember that PCM rounds values to the nearest step? This has to do with how binary works. The more bits, the bigger the number you can store. In PCM, the bit-depth decides the number of bits of information in each sample. With 16-bit, the range of values that can be stored is 0 to 65535. Going beyond this is pointless for humans, with no scientific research showing any proven benefit, though marketeers would like you to believe there's benefits.

**MYTH BUST:** 24-bit depth is often touted as 'high-resolution audio', claiming benefits of a better sonic experience. Such is nothing more than marketing speech, there is no meaningful data 24-bit can capture that 16-bit cannot.

Channels? Or: HOW IT CAN MAKE SOUND IN LEFT BUT NOT RIGHT?
----------------------------------------------------------

We'll briefly touch on the last part of PCM audio, channels. This is very self explanatory, humans have two ears and can hear separate sounds on both of them, which means we have stereo hearing. As a result, most music is recorded with 2 channels. For some surround settings, you need more channels, this is why you may have heard of 5.1 or 7.1; the first digit is the amount of channels the PCM carries.

For most desktop usage, the only sound we care about is 2-channel PCM.

Recap
-----

So, we've covered all the elements of PCM sound. Let's go over it quickly: sample rate is expressed in Hz and is how often a sample of a waveform is captured, representing the x-axis of a waveform. Bit-depth is the bits of information stored in each sample, and represents the y-axis of the waveform. Channels decide how many simultaneous outputs the PCM can drive separately, since we have 2 ears, you need at least two channels.

As a result, the standard audio playback for both consumers and professionals is 48kHz, 16-bit, 2 channel PCM. This is more than enough to fully represent the full range of human hearing.

How it works in Linux
=====================

So, now that we know how PCM works, how does Linux make sound? How can you make Linux sound great? A few important components come into play here, and we'll need to discuss each of them in some detail.

ALSA
----

ALSA is the interface to the kernel's sound driver. ALSA can take a PCM signal and send it to your hardware by talking to the driver. Something important to know about most DACs is that they can only take one signal at a time, actually. That means that only a single application can send sound to ALSA at once. Long ago, in a darker time, you couldn't watch a movie while listening to music!

However, one day, someone set out to change this rather awkward situation...

PulseAudio
----------

When you think audio on Linux, PulseAudio is probably among the first things you think of. PulseAudio is NOT a driver, nor does it talk to your drivers. Actually, PulseAudio only does two things that we'll discuss in detail later. PulseAudio talks to ALSA, taking control of its single audio stream, and allows other applications to talk to PulseAudio instead. Pulse is an 'audio multiplexer', turning multiple signals into one through a process that is called **mixing.** Mixing is an incredibly complicated subject that we won't talk about here.

To be able to