Got Linux up and running on the desktop in class today, sadly the principle walked in and I got in shit.
https://redd.it/f6bv3e
@r_linux

Linux Laptop Recommendations

Looking for an inexpensive laptop that ships blank or with Linux. Recommendations? I am have a lot of Linux experience, but it has been a long time since I have run Linux on anything other than a VM.

https://redd.it/f6cw8l
@r_linux

How kernel modules (KVM) and distros work

I would like to use the latest edition of linux mint. But Fedora is tempting me due to their up-to-date KVM/Qemu package.

So my question is: Is there anyway to update linux mint/ ubuntu 18.04 to use the latest KVM and qemu without breaking its stability?

I understand that 18.04 uses an older kernel than fedora 31, and KVM is a kernel module. So does this mean ubuntu automatically has an older KVM?

Any help is appreciated.

https://redd.it/f6dldi
@r_linux

AMD is the best

I had a laptop with nvidia gpu. It was a nightmare. 6000mah battery last me for 2 hours. Only distro that was able to disable it was Ubuntu. And ubuntu is fine, but I like to have the freedom to choose the distro I want to use. After almost 2 years of this nightmare I decided to buy new laptop with AMD gpu. It was beautiful. I installed arch linux and kde plasma, started it and it was just working. I want to recommend every person wanting to use linux on laptop to buy laptop with no discrete gpu or with amd gpu.

https://redd.it/f6e5rm
@r_linux

What do you like in GNOME?

Personally I found KDE easier to browse and more relaxing in the eye.

What do you guys like in GNOME?

What customization can I add to it?

https://redd.it/f6fasx
@r_linux

Web query on an "Excel" alternative

Hello!
I'm a personal investing advisor that relies heavily on excel web queries to import stock data from several stock exchanges around the globe (NYSE, NASDAQ, among others from other countries), mainly through yahoo finance. I keep an annual subnoscription of office 365 for that sole purpose, but I think it's time to pull the plug on Microsoft.

Do you guys know of any spreadsheet-like tool I could use that has a similar function?, or maybe a workaround to get the data and just shove it to Libre office through .csv?

Thank you for your time

https://redd.it/f6gbq1
@r_linux

ClassiCube is a sandbox block game inspired by minecraft classic , and is playable from the browser
https://www.classicube.net/

https://redd.it/f6h4eo
@r_linux

VA-API hardware accelerated video decode lands in Wayland Firefox
https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1616680

https://redd.it/f6i23d
@r_linux

Managed to get Nvidia proprietary drivers working properly, this is how

So, I've tried many times in the past and due to my lack of general understanding of these things, I never managed to get it to work. But finally, I've done it. I know that I'm not alone and this is a common problem. So, wanted to share how I did it.

First, my setup (if your setup is different then it might not work for you):

* GeForce GTX 1050
* Arch Linux
* Mine is an Optimus Laptop. [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NVIDIA\_Optimus](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NVIDIA_Optimus)
* This is for the proprietary drivers, Nouveau (the open source driver) never worked for me.

I must mention that everything I'm about to write here is taken from the Arch Wiki. I recommend that you read it for more related information. The purpose of this post is to give a step by step guide. There is one important bit that was essential but the Arch Wiki doesn't emphasize it, although it does mention it.

## Step 1:

If you do not know what graphics card you have, find out by issuing:

$ lspci -k | grep -A 2 -E "(VGA|3D)"

Take a note of the bus ID for the NVIDIA card. Example:

$ lspci | grep VGA

01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G96 [GeForce 9600M GT] (rev a1)

The bus ID here is `1:0:0`.

## Step 2:

Install the following packages:

# pacman -S nvidia nvidia-settings nvidia-prime

## Step 3:

Add `nvidia`, `nvidia_modeset`, `nvidia_uvm` and `nvidia_drm` to the MODULES array of `/etc/mkinitcpio.conf`:

MODULES=(nvidia nvidia_modeset nvidia_uvm nvidia_drm)

## Step 4:

Update initramfs:

# mkinitcpio -p linux

## Step 5:

To avoid the possibility of forgetting to update initramfs after an NVIDIA driver upgrade, you may want to use a pacman hook:

/usr/share/libalpm/hooks/nvidia.hook

[Trigger]
Operation=Install
Operation=Upgrade
Operation=Remove
Type=Package
Target=nvidia
Target=linux
# Change the linux part above and in the Exec line if a different kernel is used

[Action]
Denoscription=Update Nvidia module in initcpio
Depends=mkinitcpio
When=PostTransaction
NeedsTargets
Exec=/bin/sh -c 'while read -r trg; do case $trg in linux) exit 0; esac; done; /usr/bin/mkinitcpio -P'

## Step 6:

Create the following config file:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-nvidia.conf

Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "layout"
Screen 0 "iGPU"
Option "AllowNVIDIAGPUScreens"
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "iGPU"
Driver "modesetting"
EndSection

Section "Screen"
Identifier "iGPU"
Device "iGPU"
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier "dGPU"
Driver "nvidia"
BusID "<BusID for NVIDIA device here>"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
EndSection

**This is the important part.** Replace `<BusID for NVIDIA device here>` with your BusID as obtained in step 1.

## Step 7:

To verify that the Nvidia driver is working correctly:

$ prime-run glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"

NOTE: You probably have to reboot for the driver to start working.

## Step 8:

If things don't work and you decide to not use the driver, just remove the configuration file created in step 6.

To run any application using the GPU, you've to run that program using `prime-run`:

$ prime-run program args

That's it. Hopefully this was helpful.

* [PRIME - Arch Wiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PRIME)
* [NVIDIA Documentation](https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/440.44/README/primerenderoffload.html)

https://redd.it/f6igl1
@r_linux

Tactical tmux: The 10 Most Important Commands | Daniel Miessler
https://danielmiessler.com/study/tmux/

https://redd.it/f6dv21
@r_linux

Is (desktop) Linux getting worse?

**tl;dr:** It seems to me like Linux regressed in term of stability and ease of use in the last few years.
First off, I'm not here to bash on Linux. I have been using Linux as my main OS for nearly 15 years. For at least 10 years, I would tell anyone that would listen that they could make the switch to Linux, that it was just as easy (if not easier) than Windows or Mac. I don't know if I could still say that today and it saddens me.
I've never been a hardcore user of the OS, but I never been afraid on the terminal and always managed to solve the issues I had with a bit of googling. As the years passed, those issues were less and less frequent. We were at a point where things (mostly) just worked.
I started my Linux journey with Ubuntu. I had been exposed to Linux (and Unix) before, but I didn't want to invest time in this weird OS where everything was so complicated (the same stereotype that a lot of people hold today). I remember when Ubuntu came around, they had the slogan of "Linux for human beings". I already liked the idea of free software (as in "freedom") at the time, so, when a friend gave a Ubuntu live CD, I didn't need more to jump right in.
Over the years, I tried different distros. When it was time for an upgrade, I would sometime take a bit of time to see what everybody else was doing. I would usually come back to a version of Ubuntu (Lubuntu was my favourite), for its convenience and simplicity. I mostly stuck with the lightweight versions because I never care about the flashy stuff. I just want something that works and that gets out of the way.
I know Ubuntu gets a lot of hate in the broader Linux community, for all kind of reasons, legitimate and not. I think having this dominating player was a boon overall. When they went full retard with their Unity desktop, it split the community, and now everybody was trying to develop their own thing on their side, and none of it was great. Everybody was chasing the new flashy thing with all kind of windows effects when you move them and new interface that would completely change the way we have done things for 20 years that didn't need changing at all.
Since I mostly stuck to Lubuntu during this time, I wasn't too affected, but a year ago (I think), Lubuntu decided to make the switch to LxQT. Again, a change that wreaked havoc on the stability and usability of the platform. So I switched to LXLE, which seems to work mostly well.
I remember when I didn't have to reboot my computer for months. Everything was running fine. Why would I restart? I wouldn't be able to do that anymore. Now I'll be forced to do a hard reboot too often for my taste. It can because the computer froze when going in suspend, because a driver crashed and brought the whole system with it or because my network doesn't work anymore and rebooting is just the fastest way to, maybe, fix it.
Talking about network problems, this is a big one. The Network manager package has stopped being reliable for me a long time ago. I now manage my Network with WICD. Unfortunately, this one started acting up lately; sometimes, for no apparent reasons, it will just stop detecting connections, or won't be able to connect to one he is seeing. This happens on 3 computers I have here, so probably not a hardware issue. Yes, I can usually fix it after a bit of tinkering, but that is the point of this post, I can longer suggest my mother or my sister adopt Linux.
Then there are features like turning the wifi card of my laptop off when I closed the lid (even if it's plugged) to save power. This feature is turned on by default. I can turn it off by going in the console and all (again, not casual-user friendly), but, once in a while, it will go back on. This feature is so dumb, the dev that thought of it should never be allowed near a computer ever again. You start a download, see its gonna take 10 minutes, close your lid, come back later to see that, in all its brilliance, the computer decided to shut off your wifi. Or you want to listen t

o some music in streaming, press play, shut the lid, and the music stops, because the wifi turns itself off.
So, I guess this post turned out to be a bit of rant.
Do you guys have seen some kind of regression in Linux in recent years? Is it just me going crazy?

https://redd.it/f6f9jh
@r_linux

shd - console tool to display drive list with commonly checked smart info

I'm releasing my tiny tool to display HDD/SSD list, with little more pretty output than "lsscsi" has. The output is similar to Solaris "hd" command but with a couple of extra SMART fields.

[https://github.com/alttch/shd](https://github.com/alttch/shd)

https://i.redd.it/233bjzgrjzh41.gif

https://redd.it/f6louv
@r_linux

GNOME vs KDE...but objective

I'll start with:

GNOME has an uncomparably bigger userbase mostly uses two workflows(the vanilla workflow and the Ubuntu one) with a big emphasis on the latter meaning basically that there are fewer bugs. GNOME has more corporate backing and focus leading to generally less bugs as well but not any game breaking features. GNOME is also used as the default on most distros which means a surplus of talented developers(For example look at the performance improvements by the Ubuntu developers in 3.32 and 3.34). Wayland has been the focus for quite some time which means basically that Wayland is plainly better on GNOME. As for the workflow itself, GNOME is a lot more keyboard centric but at the expense of being harder to navigate with the mouse, especially since it lacks a default dock. Personally, it gets very hard to switch when you have a lot of windows of just one program active even using the Expose/Mission Control like Activities

KDE has a smaller userbase which use an inestimable number of workflows(For example: Windows XP default, Windows 7/10/Manjaro and macOS-like using Latte dock). Lots of features added around even small releases mainly due to a very BIG number of KDE volunteers who might make it seem like a community project. BUT due to the big number of workflows and number of features there are usually more bugs. Qt is at an advantage due to cross-platform usage. Wayland has only recently been an important focus for the KDE project, so they're lagging behind quite a bit. The default Windows XP like workflow is very mouse centric. A lot of things are impossible without a mouse which isn't actually bad in this GUI centric world.Personal opinion: KDE has two main shortcuts for CTRL+F9(or 10) called Present Windows which is very good for switching a small to medium number of windows like Activities but not good for anything else. And the very lacking CTRL+F8 Desktop Grid which is very hard to use properly even on a low res screen. it seems KDE is very much focused on using the bottom panel/taskbar,very traditional and manageable. I personally prefer the Icon-only Task Manager because it's simply the best for me when managing 30+ windows. Even when choosing between macOS and Windows, I always go for Windows due to the taskbar being very very good for this kind of stuff.

https://redd.it/f6geum
@r_linux

Linux-phc.org domain is for sale :O

Is the project well and truly dead? http://www.linux-phc.org/

https://redd.it/f66pzj
@r_linux

Cups printer "Type" in /etc/cups/printers.conf

Does anyone know what dictates the "Type" for a printer, in /etc/cups/printers.conf ? When i use lpadmin to create printer queues they all end up with Type 4194308. I'd like it to be just "4" but don't really want to find/replace the file, and everytime i change/add a printer. Thanks

https://redd.it/f6nvxm
@r_linux

Interacting with Simon Peter, the creator of AppImage
https://archive.is/5yiuU

https://redd.it/f52mhp
@r_linux

Evolution of the x86 context switch in Linux
https://www.maizure.org/projects/evolution_x86_context_switch_linux/

https://redd.it/f4sx84
@r_linux

OpenMandriva Lx 4.1 KDE Review | Distro Delves
https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=SOlRAF64UTk

https://redd.it/f5cose
@r_linux

iRedMail server no SMTP/IMAP connection

Hi all,

I have configured a iRedMail server with SSL certificates on my Ubuntu 18.04 machine, but I can't manage to connect my devices (via Outlook or Spark) via SMTP/IMAP protocols.

I have opened ports 593, 143, 993, 995 and still, devices cannot connect to the server.

**Logs from netstat**

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 644/systemd-resolve

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 907/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:24 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 969/nginx: master p

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8125 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2373/netdata

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:4190 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:19999 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2373/netdata

tcp 1 0 127.0.0.1:20000 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1291/sogod

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:7777 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1318/python2

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:993 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:995 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10024 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1871/amavisd-new (m

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10025 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10026 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1871/amavisd-new (m

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1145/mysqld

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:587 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10027 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1871/amavisd-new (m

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11211 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 844/memcached

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10028 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9998 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 1871/amavisd-new (m

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:7790 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 864/uwsgi

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9999 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 836/php-fpm: master

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:143 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:7791 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 866/uwsgi

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 969/nginx: master p

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:24242 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:12340 0.0.0.0:\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::21 :::\* LISTEN 5516/vsftpd

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::\* LISTEN 907/sshd

tcp6 0 0 :::25 :::\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp6 0 0 :::443 :::\* LISTEN 969/nginx: master p

tcp6 0 0 :::993 :::\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::995 :::\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::587 :::\* LISTEN 2352/master

tcp6 0 0 :::110 :::\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::143 :::\* LISTEN 804/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::\* LISTEN 969/nginx: master p

**Logs from mail.log**

Feb 20 07:59:29 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7282\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 quit=1 commands=5

Feb 20 07:59:29 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7287\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 quit=1 commands=5

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: PASS NEW \[52.125.140.5\]:57384

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: PASS OLD \[52.125.140.5\]:57378

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\]

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\]

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.140.5\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 quit=1 commands=4

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.140.5\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:35 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.5\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 quit=1 commands=4

Feb 20 07:59:44 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: CONNECT from \[52.125.141.115\]:38656 to \[165.22.193.58\]:25

Feb 20 07:59:44 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: CONNECT from \[52.125.141.115\]:38660 to \[165.22.193.58\]:25

Feb 20 07:59:44 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7287\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]

Feb 20 07:59:44 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7282\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]

Feb 20 07:59:45 rod postfix/submissio

n/smtpd\[7282\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:45 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7287\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:45 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7282\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 quit=1 commands=5

Feb 20 07:59:45 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7287\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 auth=1 quit=1 commands=5

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: PASS NEW \[52.125.141.115\]:38656

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/postscreen\[7283\]: PASS OLD \[52.125.141.115\]:38660

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.141.115\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7297\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 quit=1 commands=4

Feb 20 07:59:50 rod postfix/smtpd\[7298\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.141.115\] ehlo=2 starttls=1 quit=1 commands=4

Feb 20 08:03:10 rod postfix/anvil\[7234\]: statistics: max connection rate 2/60s for (submission:52.125.140.5) at Feb 20 07:59:29

Feb 20 08:03:10 rod postfix/anvil\[7234\]: statistics: max connection count 2 for (submission:52.125.140.5) at Feb 20 07:59:29

Feb 20 08:03:10 rod postfix/anvil\[7234\]: statistics: max cache size 4 at Feb 20 07:59:50

Feb 20 08:06:07 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]

Feb 20 08:06:07 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)

Feb 20 08:06:07 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: lost connection after STARTTLS from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]

Feb 20 08:06:07 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.0\] ehlo=1 starttls=1 commands=2

Feb 20 08:07:13 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: connect from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]

Feb 20 08:07:13 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: Anonymous TLS connection established from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)

Feb 20 08:07:13 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: lost connection after STARTTLS from unknown\[52.125.140.0\]

Feb 20 08:07:13 rod postfix/submission/smtpd\[7443\]: disconnect from unknown\[52.125.140.0\] ehlo=1 starttls=1 commands=2

Feb 20 08:08:09 rod postfix/postscreen\[7485\]: CONNECT from \[45.143.223.14\]:53448 to \[165.22.193.58\]:25

Feb 20 08:08:09 rod postfix/dnsblog\[7487\]: addr 45.143.223.14 listed by domain zen.spamhaus.org as 127.0.0.3

Feb 20 08:08:09 rod postfix/dnsblog\[7487\]: addr 45.143.223.14 listed by domain zen.spamhaus.org as 127.0.0.11

Feb 20 08:08:09 rod postfix/dnsblog\[7487\]: addr 45.143.223.14 listed by domain zen.spamhaus.org as 127.0.0.4

Feb 20 08:08:15 rod postfix/postscreen\[7485\]: DNSBL rank 3 for \[45.143.223.14\]:53448

Feb 20 08:08:15 rod postfix/postscreen\[7485\]: DISCONNECT \[45.143.223.14\]:53448

Feb 20 08:10:33 rod postfix/anvil\[7447\]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (submission:52.125.140.0) at Feb 20 08:06:07

Feb 20 08:10:33 rod postfix/anvil\[7447\]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (submission:52.125.140.0) at Feb 20 08:06:07

Feb 20 08:10:33 rod postfix/anvil\[7447\]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Feb 20 08:06:07

Feb 20 08:48:04 rod postfix/postscreen\[8591\]: CONNECT from \[218.1.18.154\]:54420 to \[165.22.193.58\]:25

Feb 20 08:48:04 rod postfix/dnsblog\[8592\]: addr 218.1.18.154 listed by domain zen.spamhaus.org as 127